General Plan 2040 August 2019 Draft TABLE OF CONTENTS How to Read this Preliminary General Plan Draft ............................................................................... 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 2 Trends and Forecasts ........................................................................................................................ 5 Sustainability Framework ................................................................................................................ 12 Section 1: Natural Resource Planning ................................................................................................ 15 Goals ................................................................................................................................................ 15 Protecting Native Habitats & Wildlife ............................................................................................ 15 Protecting Coastal Resources ......................................................................................................... 20 Coastal Habitat .......................................................................................................................... 20 Wetland Habitat ........................................................................................................................ 22 Managing Streams and Watersheds .............................................................................................. 23 Managing Geologic Resources........................................................................................................ 25 Ensuring Air & Noise Quality ........................................................................................................... 26 Air Quality ................................................................................................................................... 26 Noise Quality .............................................................................................................................. 26 Mitigating & Adapting to Hazards & Climate Change ................................................................... 27 Hazards .............................................................................................................. ........................27 Climate Change .......................................................................................................................... 34 Section 2: Infrastructure Planning ...................................................................................................... 37 Goals ................................................................................................................................................ 37 Managing Water System Resources ............................................................................................... 38 Drinking Water Conservation .................................................................................................... 38 Drinking Water Quality .............................................................................................................. 40 Drinking Water Prioritization .................................................................................................... 41 Storm Water Management ....................................................................................................... 43 Recycled Water Expansion ........................................................................................................ 44 Wastewater & Environmental Quality Prioritization ............................................................... 45 Increasing Resource Recovery & Reducing Waste ........................................................................ 48 i Improving Transportation Systems ................................................................................................ 52 Transportation Planning & Financing ....................................................................................... 52 Transportation Safety ................................................................................................................ 55 Roadway Design ......................................................................................................................... 57 Multimodal Transportation & Connectivity .............................................................................. 60 Bridges ........................................................................................................................................ 62 Mass Transit ............................................................................................................................... 62 Airports & Harbors ..................................................................................................................... 65 Expanding Telecommunication Access .......................................................................................... 66 Strengthening Energy Diversity & Conservation ........................................................................... 70 Section 3: Economic & Opportunity Planning ................................................................................... 75 Goals ................................................................................................................................................ 75 Focusing on Economic Diversity & Innovation .............................................................................. 75 Prioritizing Agriculture & Food Security ......................................................................................... 78 Developing A Place-Based Visitor Industry .................................................................................... 83 Providing Equitable and Safe Housing Options For All .................................................................. 84 Section 4: Community Placemaking ................................................................................................... 89 Goals ................................................................................................................................................ 89 Maintaining Education Facilities as Anchor Institutions ............................................................... 90 Keeping Our Communities Healthy & Safe .................................................................................... 92 Police Services ............................................................................................................................ 92 Fire and Emergency Services ..................................................................................................... 94 Health & Social Services ............................................................................................................. 95 Promoting Active Living Through Recreation, Trails, & Public Access .......................................... 97 Recreational Facilities & Programs ........................................................................................... 97 Public Access & Trails ...............................................................................................................102 Preserving Our Cultural & Historic Legacies ................................................................................108 Native Hawaiian Values & Practices .......................................................................................108 Multi-Cultural Heritage............................................................................................................110 Historic Preservation ................................................................................................................110 ii Protecting Scenic Resources .........................................................................................................114 Section 5: Land Use Planning ...........................................................................................................119 Goals ..............................................................................................................................................119 Ensuring Land Use Compatibility ..................................................................................................119 Urban ........................................................................................................................................122 Rural .........................................................................................................................................129 Industrial ..................................................................................................................................131 Resort .......................................................................................................................................133 Agricultural ...............................................................................................................................137 Conservation & Open ...............................................................................................................141 Protecting the Special Management Area ...................................................................................143 Protecting Mauka Forests .............................................................................................................145