Treatment of Junctions- Volume I: Final Report Treatment of Junctions FINAL REPORT Volume I Section 2: Handala Junction Transportation Research and Study Centre University of Moratuwa Sri Lanka 15 th January 2010 Treatment of Junctions- Volume I: Final Report Treatment of Junctions- Volume I: Final Report Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 1-5 1.1 Study Area ........................................................................................................... 1-7 1.2. Scope ................................................................................................................. 1-12 CHAPTER 2 DATA COLLECTION ................................................................................ 2-1 CHAPTER 3 Traffic Analysis ........................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Turning Movement Counts .................................................................................. 3-1 3.2 Pedestrian Movements ......................................................................................... 3-7 3.3 Bus Halting Analysis ........................................................................................... 3-9 3.4 Speed and delay ................................................................................................. 3-10 3.5 Accident Studies ................................................................................................ 3-14 3.6 Road Infrastructure ............................................................................................ 3-15 3.7 Highway Geometry of the Study Area ................................................................ 3-17 3.8 Summary of Problems ........................................................................................ 3-18 CHAPTER 4 Proposed Solutions ...................................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Option 1 ............................................................................................................... 4-1 4.1.1 Integration and signalization of the junctions ................................................ 4-1 4.1.2 Signal Design ................................................................................................ 4-3 4.1.3 Bus stops and priority Lane ........................................................................... 4-6 4.1.4 Other supplementary improvement to signalization ....................................... 4-6 4.2 Option 2 ............................................................................................................... 4-6 4.2.1 Flyover ......................................................................................................... 4-6 4.2.2 Impact of Flyover on Urban Landscape ......................................................... 4-8 i | P a g e Section B2: Handala Treatment of Junctions- Volume I: Final Report CHAPTER 5 ECONOMIC Analysis ................................................................................. 5-1 5.1 Costs .................................................................................................................... 5-1 5.2 Benefits................................................................................................................ 5-1 5.2.1 Traffic Analysis ............................................................................................ 5-1 5.2.2 Economic Benefits ........................................................................................ 5-2 5.3 Cost-Benefit Analysis .......................................................................................... 5-6 5.2.3 Signalization Option ..................................................................................... 5-6 5.2.4 Flyover Option .............................................................................................. 5-8 5.4 Non-Quantifiable Benefits ................................................................................. 5-10 CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS ......................................................................................... 6-1 CHAPTER 7 RECOMMENDATION ............................................................................... 7-1 ii | P a g e Section B2: Handala Treatment of Junctions- Volume I: Final Report List of Tables Table 2-1: Details of Surveys Carried Out ______________________________________ 2-1 Table 3-1: ADT at Junctions _________________________________________________ 3-1 Table 3-2: ADT on Links ___________________________________________________ 3-3 Table 3-3 : Motorized vehicle Flow from Hunupitiya Road to Elakanda Road __________ 3-7 Table 3-4: Motorized vehicle Flow from Elakanda Road to Hunupitiya Road __________ 3-7 Table 3-5: Sample Pedestrian Movements per Hour ______________________________ 3-8 Table 3-6: Bus Halting Analysis Summary (per hour) ____________________________ 3-10 Table 3-7: Summary of Link Travel Speeds (km/h) ______________________________ 3-13 Table 4-1: Cost Estimates for Signalization and improvements to the Roads in the Study Area ________________________________________________________________________ 4-3 Table 4-2: Cost Estimates for Flyover construction and improvements to the Roads in the Study Area ______________________________________________________________ 4-7 iii | P a g e Section B2: Handala Treatment of Junctions- Volume I: Final Report Table of Figures Figure 1-1: Hendala Junction Study Area _______________________________________ 1-6 Figure 1-2: Map of Study Area _______________________________________________ 1-8 Figure 1-3: Typical Road and Traffic Conditions in the Study Area _________________ 1-11 Figure 3-1 : Hourly Link Traffic Flow for Junction TM8 – Hunupitiya Road Intersection _ 3-2 Figure 3-2 : Hourly Link Traffic Flow for Junction TM9 – Elakanda Road Junction _____ 3-3 Figure 3-3: Traffic Flow Diagrams (ADT by major vehicle groups) __________________ 3-5 Figure 3-4: Hourly pedestrian movement at the two junctions in the study area _________ 3-9 Figure 3-5: Travel Time Survey Points _______________________________________ 3-11 Figure 3-6: Road Link and Lane configuration of Handala Junction Area ____________ 3-17 Figure 4-1: Lane configuration and extent of improvements to roads._________________ 4-1 Figure 4-2: Longitudinal Section of the proposed flyover __________________________ 4-7 Figure 7-1- Map of Hendala Study Area showing recommended improvements ________ 7-2 iv | P a g e Section B2: Handala Treatment of Junctions- Volume I: Final Report CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Handala Junction is found in the Wattala town area between the 4th km post and the 5th km post on the Colombo-Negombo Road (A3) and is in one of the busiest locations along the Colombo-Negombo road. The Hendala junction is actually a double T junction with one T junction to the west towards Elakanda (B152) and another junction just 80 metres to its south which connects the road to Hunupitiya (B151) on to its east. The study area is taken including these two junctions and the areas that are affected by them. This area comprising of these town junctions is the first town centre on the Colombo- Negombo Road after leaving the Colombo Municipal Council area. Hendala Junction is in the Wattala-Mabole Urban Council area which has predominantly mixed areas. It has highly residential areas but also many industrial and transport activity centers such as Container Depots. The Colombo-Negombo Road passing the Hendala Junction connects important transport nodes such as the Colombo Harbor and the Bandaranaike International Airport at Katunayake (Figure 1.1). This has resulted in a large number of commercial vehicles, especially container truck movements at this junction. This road (Colombo-Negombo Road) is the only major road corridor in the north-south direction and a number of important collector roads in the east-west direction are connected to it at regular intervals along the highway. The present daily traffic flow at Wattala is around 60,000 vehicles. The Colombo-Negombo Road at Wattala is four lane width road divided by a centre median made of mountable rumble strips. There are short sections of raised curb centre medians close to the Hendala Junction In the Hendala area which is being studied in this report, there are two junctions close to each other on the Colombo-Negombo Road. Even so, the junctions are basically uncontrolled and cause traffic congestion regularly, particularly during the am and pm peaks. Only lane markings are used to control traffic at these junctions. The road surface condition on the Colombo-Negombo Road is quite good, but all the connector roads at these junctions are in poor condition and add to the congestion due to the reduction in capacity and lower operating speeds. The junction is regularly congested during peak hours. The conflict levels are severe during the mid day peak as well and regular disturbances can be seen even during off peak hours. The scope of the study is to examine the possible short term and long term solutions that are cost effective in solving the traffic congestion. 1-5 | P a g e Section B2: Handala Treatment of Junctions- Volume I: Final Report Figure 1-1: Hendala Junction Study Area 1-6 | P a g e Section B2: Handala Treatment of Junctions- Volume I: Final Report 1.1 Study Area Considering the impact area of the traffic congestion arising from these two junctions, the study area can be defined as the area enclosing to the two junctions: