FACT or fiction? A FILM AND EDUCATION PACK HIVsport Publications CONTENTS FACT or fiction? AN HIVSPORT FILM AND EDUCATION PACK ...page 5 FILM 1 ‘In touch’ Understanding HIV and AIDS ...page 7 Taking responsibility for children ...page 11 FILM 2 ‘Dribbled to a second chance’ Injecting drug use ...page 13 Challenging stigma and discrimination ...page 15 FILM 3 ‘Goal for hope’ How HIV is tansmitted ...page 19 The importance of role models ...page 23 FILM 4 ‘Play it safe’ Knowing your HIV status ...page 25 The global impact of HIV ...page 27 FILM 5 ‘Whizzkids United’ Gender equality ...page 29 What is counselling and support? ...page 31 APPENDIX ONE: HOW TO TREAT BLEEDING INJURIES ...page 33 APPENDIX TWO: SELECTED ONLINE RESOURCES ...page 34 HIVsport would like to thank those who contributed to this film and education pack, with particular thanks to all the young people who entered the competition and made films, to EuropeAid and our partners for their support. FACT or fiction? AN HIVSPORT FILM AND EDUCATION PACK This film and the associated education pack have been produced by HIVsport as part of the Millennium Development Goals Realisation project, funded by the European Commission’s Europeaid programme. ABOUT THE PROJECT • Create, through sport, greater public The objective of this project is to awareness of the global epidemic of encourage young people and educators HIV and AIDS from Europe (Bulgaria, Romania, Italy • Provide education and training to and the UK) and Southern Africa to people in all roles in sport around take action to deal with problems HIV and sexual health in their communities in support of • Support sports-related HIV and realisation of the United Nations sexual health education projects Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). See www.un.org/millenniumgoals. Our lead partner is the Open Education THE FILM ...page 5 Centre Foundation in Bulgaria. The We asked young film-makers to tell us project website can be found at their idea for a 5 minute short film www.mdgproject.com. Please click on that would show how sport can raise the Union Flag symbol for the English awareness about HIV and AIDS, keeping language version. in mind that the purpose of the film is to educate young people in Europe and Southern Africa. Above all, we wanted ABOUT HIVSPORT young people to tell their stories in HIVsport uses the ‘Badge of Hope’ to the way they wished so that they could raise awareness of HIV and AIDS and speak directly to other young people promote sexual health and wellbeing across the world. We then commissioned in sport. The organisation works in 10 short films, which were judged by a partnership with professional sporting panel of professional filmmakers, young associations, umbrella HIV and sexual people and HIVsport and other sexual health organisations, the media, health and marketing experts. The medical and corporate bodies to: result is, ‘Fact or fiction?’ featuring five short films from Africa and Europe. THE EDUCATION PACK Each film deals with two different The films are: issues concerning HIV and AIDS and how 1. In Touch by Timmins Langeveldt sport can help raise awareness and FILM 1 2. Dribbled to a Second Chance by Apostu educate young people about HIV and Emilia, Blajin Oleg and Toma Ioana AIDS. The education pack supports the 3. Goal for Hope by Danny Lurie films and focuses on the two topics ‘In touch’ by 4. Play it Safe by Takudzwa Mukiwa for discussion that are raised at the 5. Whizzkids United by Whizzkids United beginning and end of each film. TIMMINS LANGEVELDT Country: Zimbabwe ...page 7 Topic for discussion (1): Understanding HIV and AIDS WHAT IS HIV? It is one or more of these infections HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency which will ultimately cause death. Virus. The virus weakens the body’s immune system – the system that fights Syndrome indicates that the disease against infections. HIV eventually results in a variety of health causes AIDS, or Acquired Immune problems. Deficiency Syndrome. Left untreated, AIDS will cause the death of the person infected with the HIV virus. IS THERE A CURE FOR HIV INFECTION? No, there is no cure as yet for HIV infection. However, advances in WHAT IS AIDS? medical treatment over the past twenty AIDS stands for Acquired years means that the infection can Immunodeficiency Syndrome. be successfully treated in the vast majority of people who have the virus. The full name for AIDS - Acquired Recent research has shown that if Immunodeficiency Syndrome – describes treatment commences at the right time three features of the infection: and is continued according to correct procedures then the person is likely Acquired indicates that it is not an to have a life span equivalent to inherited condition. someone who does not have HIV. These are good reasons to be optimistic Immune deficiency indicates that the but it should be borne in mind that body’s immune system breaks down. A HIV infection is still an extremely person with HIV becomes vulnerable to serious long-term medical condition a range of opportunistic infections that currently requires expensive which normally the body could fight off. health and social care management, similar to diabetes and other complex You cannot tell if someone has HIV between 2009 and 2010 alone. It is WHAT IS THE SITUATION IN ZIMBABWE? health conditions. just by looking at them. At the early estimated that at least 6.6 million In a report written in September 2010, stages of the infection the person people in low- and middle-income USAID, the US Government Department infected will probably not notice any countries are receiving HIV treatment. responsible for international WHO IS AFFECTED? change in their health, but they can This is an increase of more than 1.35 development, stated that Anyone can become infected with the still transmit the virus. The only way million over the previous year. In The first reported case of AIDS in HIV virus. HIV does not discriminate to find out if a person has the HIV low- and middle-income countries 47% Zimbabwe occurred in 1985. By the in any way. According to UNAIDS, the virus is through a simple blood test. of the 14.2 million eligible people end of the 1980s, approximately 10 coordinating body for the global living with HIV were on antiretroviral percent of the adult population response to HIV and AIDS, there were therapy at the end of 2010, compared was infected with HIV. This figure 2.7 million new HIV infections in WHAT IS THE GLOBAL RESPONSE TO to 39% at the end of 2009. rose dramatically in the first 2010, including an estimated 390,000 HIV AND AIDS? half of the 1990s, peaking at among children. This was 15% less than Millennium Development Goal 6 commits Universal access to treatment (defined more than 36 percent between 1995 in 2001, and 21% below the number the world community to Combat HIV/ as 80%, or greater coverage) has been and 1997. Since the late 1990s, of new infections at the peak of AIDS, Malaria and Other Diseases. achieved in Botswana, Namibia and prevalence has been consistently the epidemic in 1997.The number of Specifically, for HIV and AIDS this Rwanda, while Swaziland and Zambia declining. With a national adult people becoming infected with HIV is means to: have achieved coverage levels prevalence of 15.3 percent at continuing to fall, in some countries between 70% and 80%. Across cities and the end of 2007, Zimbabwe was more rapidly than others. HIV • Halt and begin to reverse, by 2015, villages in sub-Saharan Africa, from one of the 10 highest-prevalence incidence has fallen in 33 countries, the spread of HIV/AIDS Harare to Addis Ababa to rural Malawi countries in sub-Saharan Africa. 22 of them in sub-Saharan Africa, the • Achieve, by 2010, universal access and South Africa’s Kwazulu Natal According to national estimates, region most affected by AIDS. to treatment for HIV/AIDS for all province, introducing HIV treatment prevalence decreased to 13.6 those who need it has dramatically reduced AIDS-related percent in 2010. The epidemic has The number of people living with HIV mortality. In low- and middle-income reduced life expectancy, deepened is now estimated to be approximately countries globally, treatment has pervasive poverty among vulnerable 34 million. The number is increasing ARE THESE GOALS BEING MET? averted 2.5 million AIDS deaths since households and communities, each year as more people are being According to UNAIDS the most dramatic 1995, the majority in the past few skewed the size of populations, treated and living longer, but it also increases in antiretroviral therapy years. undermined national systems, and reflects the continued large number of coverage have occurred in sub-Saharan (Source: UNAIDS World AIDS Day Report weakened institutional structures. new infections each year. Africa, with a 20 percent increase 2011, p. 19). (Source: USAIDS Zimbabwe HIV/AIDS Health Profile).1 According to UNAIDS, 59 percent of people infected with the HIV virus are now on treatment and this is responsible for the large drop in deaths from AIDS in recent years. Clearly, with a life expectancy of just 42 years, the situation in Zimbabwe is still extremely serious, but with continued investment in health care, political will and international support there are reasons to be more optimistic about the future. ...page 9 1 See http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/global_health/ aids/Countries/africa/zimbabwe_profile.pdf FILM 1 ‘In touch’ by TIMMINS LANGEVELDT Country: Zimbabwe ...page 11 Topic for discussion (2): Taking responsibility for children In the film we saw a lot of discussion overwhelmed by this situation.