NASA/CP-2000-210546 Nanobiotechnology Compiled by Ahmed K. Noor University of Virginia Center for Advanced Computational Technology, Hampton, Virginia Proceedings of a workshop sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the University of Virginia Center for Advanced Computational Technology, Hampton, Virginia, and held at NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia June 14-15, 2000 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Langley Research Center Hampton, Virginia 23681-2199 II October 2000 The use of trademarks or names of manufacturers in this report is for accurate reporting and does not constitute an official endorsement, either expressed or implied, of such products or manufacturers by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Available from: NASA Center for AeroSpace Information (CASI) National Technical Information Service (NTIS) 7121 Standard Drive 5285 Port Royal Road Hanover, MD 21076-1320 Springfield, VA 22161-2171 (301) 621-0390 (703) 605-6000 Preface This document contains the proceedings of the Training Workshop on Nanobiotechnology held at NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, June 14- 15, 2000. The workshop was jointly sponsored by the University of Virginia Center for Advanced Computational Technology and NASA. Workshop attendees came from NASA, other government agencies, industry, and universities. The objectives of the workshop were to give overviews of the diverse activities in nanobiotechnology and to identify their potential for future aerospace systems. Ahmed K. Noor University of Virginia Center for Advanced Computational Technology Hampton, Virginia iii Contents Preface ............................................................ iii -::"' _ Attendees ........................................................... vii ,_', Overview of Nanobiotechnology ........................................... 1 :/ Ahmed K. Noor, University of Virginia, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA An Overview of Initiative on Biosystems at the Nanoscale ......................... 43 _Z.- Sohi Rastegar, National Science Foundation, Arlington, VA (on leave from Texas A&M University) An Introduction and Overview of Interdisciplinary Nanoscience and Nanotechnology ................. , ............................... .... 59 • __/. 2- James C. Ellenbogen, The MITRE Corp., McLean, VA Biomaterials, Biomimetics and Biological Interfaces Research at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory ........................................ 73- -_J Mark E. Reeves, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN Biomorphic Systems and Biomorphic Missions ................................ 99 -- f_ Sarita Thakoor, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA Nanomaterials in Biotechnology ........................................... 121 - S_ Richard W. Siegel, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY Nanotechnology in Materials ............................................. 147 - 5: Ilhan A. Aksay, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ Carbon Nanotubes for Space Applications .................................... 167 - _ Meyya Meyyappan, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA Computational Nanotechnology of Materials, Devices and Machines: Carbon Nanotubes ............................................ 189 Deepak Srivastava, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA Carbon Nanotubes: Properties and Functionalization ............................ 207 David E. Luzzi, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA Nanotube Mechanics ................................................... 241 Rodney S. Ruoff, Washington University, St. Louis, MO A Virtual Presence Interface for a Scanning Probe Microscope .................................................... 253 • 1"7_/_.._ Aron Helser, 3rd Tech, Inc., Chapel Hill, NC UVA-NASA Training Workshop on Nano-Biotechnology Reid Conference Center, NASA Langley Research Center Hampton, VA 23681 June 14-15, 2000 Attendees List ° Dr. Beckry M. Abdel-Magid , Mr. Duane Armstrong Winona State Univ., Winona, MN Mail Stop 488 ASEE Fellow at LARC NASA Langley Research Center Mail Stop 188E Hampton,VA 23681 NASA Langley Research Center (757) 864-3701; Fax (757) 864-7944 Hampton, VA 55987 Email: [email protected] (757) 864-2759; Fax (757) 864-8911 Email: [email protected], gov . Prof. S. V. Babu Director, Center for Advanced Materials . Dr. Ilhan A. Aksay Processing Princeton Materials Institute Clarkson University Bowen Hall, Room 318 Potsdam, NY 13699-5710 70 Prospect Avenue (315) 268-2336; Fax (315) 268-7615 Princeton, NJ 08540 Email: [email protected] (609) 258-4393; Fax (609) 258-6835 Email: [email protected] ° Prof. Enrique V. Barrera Dept. of Mechanical Engineering and , Dr. Damodar R. Ambur Materials Science, MS-321 Mail Stop 188E Rice University NASA Langley Research Center P.O. Box 1892 Hampton, VA 23681 Houston, TX 77251-1892 (757) 864-3449; Fax (757) 864-8911 (713) 348-6242; Fax (713) 348-1892 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] . Mr. Derek C. Anderson . Mr. Harry L. Belvin 7103 Sandy Forks Road, Apt. 3B Mail Stop 226 Raleigh, NC 27615 NASA Langley Research Center (919) 844-6021 Hampton, VA 23681 Email: deander2_vt.edu (757) 864-9436 Email: [email protected] . Dr. Sivaram Arepalli G.B.Tech/Lockheed Martin/NASA-JSC 10. Mr. Jason L. Bernd P. O. Box 58561, Mail Stop C61 NASA Langley (LARSS Program) Houston, TX 77258 3068 Kline Drive (281) 483-5910; Fax (281) 483-1605 Virginia Beach, VA 23452 Email: sivaram.arepallil @isc.nasa.gov (757) 498-1528 Email: [email protected] vii 11.Mr. JeffreyD. Bemd 17. Mr. William D. Brewer NASA Langley(LARSSProgram) Mail Stop 188A 3068Kline Drive NASA Langley Research Center Virginia Beach,VA 23452 Hampton, VA 23681 (757)498-1528 (757) 864-3136; Fax (757) 864-7893 Email:[email protected] Email: [email protected] 12. Dr. Jeannette M. Benavides 18. Ms. Kwanza Brown NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 101 Rimer Hall, Polluck Residence Halls Greenbelt Road Pennsylvania State University Greenbelt, MD 20771 University Park, PA 16802 (301) 286-4368; Fax (301) 286-1695 (814) 862-4037 Email: Jeannette.B.Benavides. 1 _gsfc.nasa._ov Email: [email protected] 13. Dr. Kim S. Bey 19. Mr. John Brunson Mail Stop 396 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center NASA Langley Research Center MSFC, AL 35812 Hampton, VA 23681 (256) 544-3736 (757) 864-1351; Fax (757) 864-8912 Email: j [email protected] Email: [email protected] 20. Dr. Jonathan W. Campbell 14. Ms. Gaudy M. Bezos-O Connor FD-02 Mail Stop 200 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center NASA Langley Research Center MSFC, AL 35812 Hampton, VA 23681 (256) 544-7076; Fax (256) 544-7076 (757) 864-7962; Fax (757) 864-4914 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] 21. Mr. Roberto J. Cano 15. Mr. Richard K. Bird Mail Stop 226 Mail Stop 188A NASA Langley Research Center NASA Langley Research Center Hampton, VA 23681 Hampton, VA 23681 (757) 864-3951 (757) 864-3512; Fax (757) 864-7893 Email: [email protected], gov Email: [email protected] 22. Dr. John H. Cantrell, Jr. 16. Mr. Max L. Blosser Mail Stop 231 Mail Stop 396 NASA Langley Research Center NASA Langley Research Center Hampton, VA 23681 Hampton, VA 23681 (757) 864-4989 (757) 864-5192; Fax (757) 864-7943 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] *°* VIii 23. Ms. Ingrid A. Carlberg 29. Mr. Vincent B. Cruz Mail Stop 416A Mail Stop 390 NASA Langley Research Center NASA Langley Research Center Hampton,VA 23681 Hampton, VA 23681 (757) 864-4174 (757) 864-5518; Fax (757) 864-8092 Email: [email protected], gov Email: [email protected] 24. Mr.David L. Camahan 30. Mr. Joseph D. Cuiffi NanoLab, Inc. 187 MRI 671 Great Plain Ave. Pennsylvania State University Needham, MA 02492 University Park, PA 16802 (617) 552-0681 (Office); (781) 444-6178 (814) 865-8382; Fax (814) 865-7173 (Evening); Fax (617) 552-0651 Email: jdc [email protected] Email: [email protected] 31. Prof. Peter T. Cummings 25. Mr. William D. Castle Dept. of Chemical Engineering Mail Stop 222A 419 Dougherty Engineering NASA Langley Research Center University of Tennessee Hampton, VA 23681 Knoxville, TN 37996 (757) 864-5377; Fax (757) 864-7607 (865) 974-0227; Fax (865) 974-4910 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] 26. Mr. Jim G. Cavera 32. Prof. Andrew D. Cutler Atlantis Corp. George Washington University 804 Westham Parkway Mail Stop 335 Richmond, VA 23229 NASA Langley Research Center (804) 673-7242; Fax (804) 673-7168 Hampton, VA 23681 Email: [email protected] (757) 864-1987; Fax (757) 864-5894 Email: [email protected] 27. Dr. Sang H. Choi Mail Stop 188B 33. Mr. Charles A. Darby NASA Langley Research Center SD45 Hampton,VA 23681 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (757) 864-1408; Fax (757) 864-7730 Huntsville, AL 35812 Email: [email protected] (256) 544-3264; Fax (256) 544-5848 Email: [email protected] 28. Mr. Stanley R. Cole Mail Stop 340 34. Mr. Kamran Daryabeigi NASA Langley Research Center Mail Stop 396 Hampton, VA 23681 NASA Langley Research Center (757) 864-1267; Fax (757) 864-8678 Hampton, VA 23681 Email: [email protected] (757) 864-4745; Fax (757) 864-7943 Email: [email protected] ix 35. Mr. Dennis L. Dicus 41. Dr. Douglas L. Dwoyer Mail Stop 188A Mail Stop 103 NASA Langley Research Center NASA Langley Research Center Hampton, VA 23681 Hampton, VA 23681 (757) 864-3137; Fax (757) 864-7893 (757) 864-6114; Fax (757) 864-8915 Email: [email protected]. _ov Email: [email protected] 36. Dr. Theo J. Dingemans 42. Dr. James C. Ellenbogen Mail Stop 226 Principal Scientist NASA Langley Research Center Nanosystems Group, Mail Stop W635 Hampton, VA 23681 The MITRE Corporation (757) 864-1826 1820 Dolley Madison Boulevard Email: [email protected] McLean, VA 22102 (703) 883-5930; Fax (703) 883-5963 37. Ms. Nga N. Dirth Email: [email protected] 102 Rimer Hall, Polluck Residence Halls Pennsylvania State University 43. Mr. John L. Emond University Park, PA 16802 Code UM (814) 862-1685 NASA Headquarters Email: ndinh3 @bigred.unl.edu 300 E Street, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20546 38. Dr. Harry Dom (202) 358-1686; Fax (202) 358-4166 Department of Chemistry Email: j [email protected] Virginia Polytechnic Institute And State University 44. Dr.