Integrated Mosquito and Vector Management Program APPENDIX E ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS REPORT Appendix E: Alternatives Analysis Report Integrated Mosquito and Vector Management Program Document Information Prepared by Napa County Mosquito Abatement District Project Name Integrated Mosquito and Vector Management Program Draft Programmatic Environmental Impact Report Date July 2014 Prepared by: Napa County Mosquito Abatement District 15 Melvin Road, American Canyon, CA 94503 USA www.napamosquito.org With assistance from Cardno ENTRIX 2300 Clayton Road, Suite 200, Concord, CA 94520 USA www.cardno.com July 2014 NCMAD Document Information i MVCAC DPEIR_APP E_NCMAD AltRpt_MAR2016_R2.docx Appendix E: Alternatives Analysis Report Integrated Mosquito and Vector Management Program This Page Intentionally Left Blank ii Document Information NCMAD July 2014 MVCAC DPEIR_APP E_NCMAD AltRpt_MAR2016_R2.docx Appendix E: Alternatives Analysis Report Integrated Mosquito and Vector Management Program Table of Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................1-1 1 Program Background ....................................................................................................1-1 1.1 Program Location ............................................................................................................. 1-1 1.2 Program History ................................................................................................................ 1-1 2 Potential Tools...............................................................................................................2-1 2.1 Integrated Pest Management ........................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.1 Description ........................................................................................................ 2-1 2.1.2 Examples of Tool Use ....................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.3 Applicability to District IMVMP .......................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Vector Surveillance ........................................................................................................... 2-1 2.2.1 Description ........................................................................................................ 2-1 2.2.2 Examples of Tool Use ....................................................................................... 2-2 2.2.3 Applicability to District IMVMP .......................................................................... 2-2 2.3 Physical Control ................................................................................................................ 2-2 2.3.1 Description ........................................................................................................ 2-2 2.3.2 Examples of Tool Use ....................................................................................... 2-4 2.3.3 Applicability to District IMVMP .......................................................................... 2-4 2.4 Vegetation Management .................................................................................................. 2-5 2.4.1 Description ........................................................................................................ 2-5 2.4.2 Examples of Tool Use ....................................................................................... 2-6 2.4.3 Applicability to District IMVMP .......................................................................... 2-6 2.5 Biological Control Pathogens (Viruses) ............................................................................ 2-7 2.5.1 Description ........................................................................................................ 2-7 2.5.2 Examples of Tool Use ....................................................................................... 2-7 2.5.3 Applicability to District IMVMP .......................................................................... 2-7 2.6 Biological Control Pathogens (Bacteria) ........................................................................... 2-7 2.6.1 Description ........................................................................................................ 2-7 2.6.2 Examples of Tool Use ....................................................................................... 2-9 2.6.3 Applicability to District IMVMP .......................................................................... 2-9 2.7 Biological Control Parasites/Parasitoids ........................................................................... 2-9 2.7.1 Description ........................................................................................................ 2-9 2.7.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-11 2.7.3 Applicability to District IMVMP ........................................................................ 2-12 2.8 Biological Control Predators ........................................................................................... 2-12 2.8.1 Description ...................................................................................................... 2-12 2.8.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-25 2.8.3 Applicability to District IMVMP ........................................................................ 2-26 2.9 Biological Control Plants ................................................................................................. 2-26 2.9.1 Description ...................................................................................................... 2-26 2.9.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-27 2.9.3 Application to District IMVMP .......................................................................... 2-27 July 2014 NCMAD Table of Contents iii MVCAC DPEIR_APP E_NCMAD AltRpt_MAR2016_R2.docx Appendix E: Alternatives Analysis Report Integrated Mosquito and Vector Management Program 2.10 Synthetic Insecticides ..................................................................................................... 2-27 2.10.1 Description ...................................................................................................... 2-27 2.10.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-27 2.10.3 Applicability to District IMVMP ........................................................................ 2-27 2.11 Natural Insecticides ........................................................................................................ 2-28 2.11.1 Description ...................................................................................................... 2-28 2.11.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-31 2.11.3 Applicability to District IMVMP ........................................................................ 2-31 2.12 Insect Growth Regulators ............................................................................................... 2-31 2.12.1 Description ...................................................................................................... 2-31 2.12.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-33 2.12.3 Applicability to District IMVMP ........................................................................ 2-33 2.13 Mineral Oils/Surfactants ................................................................................................. 2-33 2.13.1 Description ...................................................................................................... 2-33 2.13.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-34 2.13.3 Applicability to District IMVMP ........................................................................ 2-34 2.14 Mass Trapping ................................................................................................................ 2-35 2.14.1 Description ...................................................................................................... 2-35 2.14.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-38 2.14.3 Applicability to IMVMP .................................................................................... 2-39 2.15 Attract and Kill................................................................................................................. 2-39 2.15.1 Description ...................................................................................................... 2-39 2.15.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-42 2.15.3 Applicability to District IMVMP ........................................................................ 2-42 2.16 Inundative Releases ....................................................................................................... 2-43 2.16.1 Description ...................................................................................................... 2-43 2.16.2 Examples of Tool Use ....................................................................................