TIP5-CT-2006-031312 Page 1 of 53 URBAN TRACK Issued: 15/11/2010 DELIVERABLE D0602. FINAL CONSOLIDATED REPORT - CHAPTER 2 Related Milestone CONTRACT N° 031312 PROJECT N° FP6-31312 ACRONYM URBAN TRACK TITLE Urban Rail Transport PROJECT START DATE September 1, 2006 DURATION 48 months Subproject SP6 SP6 Work Package WP6.2 Consolidation Technical consolidation report on all validation results (Chapter 2) Written by Yves Amsler and Caroline Hoogendoorn UITP Date of issue of this report 15/11/2010 PROJECT CO-ORDINATOR Dynamics, Structures & Systems International D2S BE PARTNERS Société des Transports Intercommunaux de Bruxelles STIB BE Alstom Transport Systems ALSTOM FR Bremen Strassenbahn AG BSAG DE Composite Damping Materials CDM BE Die Ingenieurswerkstatt DI DE Institut für Agrar- und Stadtökologische Projekte an ASP DE der Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Tecnologia e Investigacion Ferriaria INECO-TIFSA ES Institut National de Recherche sur les Transports & INRETS FR leur Sécurité Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon INSA-CNRS FR Ferrocarriles Andaluces FA-DGT ES Alfa Products & Technologies APT BE Autre Porte Technique Global GLOBAL PH Politecnico di Milano POLIMI IT Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens RATP FR Project funded by the Studiengesellschaft für Unterirdische Verkehrsanlagen STUVA DE European Community under Stellenbosch University SU ZA the Ferrocarril Metropolita de Barcelona TMB ES SIXTH FRAMEWORK Transport Technology Consult Karlsruhe TTK DE PROGRAMME PRIORITY 6 Université Catholique de Louvain UCL BE Sustainable development, Universiteit Hasselt UHASSELT BE global change & ecosystems International Association of Public Transport UITP BE Union of European Railway Industries UNIFE BE Verkehrsbetriebe Karlsruhe VBK DE Fritsch Chiari & Partner FCP AT MetrodeMadrid MDM ES Frateur de Pourcq FDP BE D0602_M48_UITP_SP2.doc TIP5-CT-2006-031312 Page 2 of 53 URBAN TRACK Issued: 15/11/2010 TABLEOFCONTENTS 2. Cost effective track maintenance, renewal & refurbishment methods (SP2) ..........................................4 2.1. New low cost renewal and refurbishment methods: Description of tracks with regard to renewal and improvement possibilities (WP2.1, developed by STUVA) ...................................4 2.1.1. Basic Rules for efficient low-cost-criteria..................................................................................4 2.1.2. Recommendations for Refurbishment and renewal of single track elements ........................5 2.1.2.1. Rails.........................................................................................................................................5 2.1.2.2. Switches ..................................................................................................................................5 2.1.2.3. Rail Fastenings........................................................................................................................6 2.1.2.4. Sleepers ...................................................................................................................................6 2.1.3. Recommendations for packing cleaning and recycling of ballast ...........................................7 2.1.4. Recommendations for track design...........................................................................................7 2.1.4.1. Optimisation of design conditions........................................................................................7 2.1.4.2. Change from ballast track to slab track.................................................................................7 2.1.4.3. Specific design criteria for concrete slabs .............................................................................8 2.1.4.4. Specific design criteria for tracks on steel viaducts..............................................................8 2.1.4.5. Special measures for track transitions...................................................................................8 2.1.4.6. Selection of the most efficient solution .................................................................................9 2.1.5. Recommendations for noise and vibration protection.............................................................9 2.1.5.1. Observation of basic rules......................................................................................................9 2.1.5.2. Avoidance of over-design......................................................................................................9 2.1.5.3. Adoption to local situation ..................................................................................................10 2.1.5.4. Combined measures for ballast tracks................................................................................10 2.1.5.5. Additional noise reducing measures on slab tracks...........................................................10 2.1.5.6. Rail grinding important for noise reduction.......................................................................10 2.1.5.7. Curve-squeal mitigation ......................................................................................................11 2.1.6. Recommendations for fire and rescue issues..........................................................................11 2.1.6.1. Improved self rescue requirements.....................................................................................11 2.1.6.2. Horizontal exit/entry conditions ........................................................................................11 2.1.6.3. Avoidance of toxic gases......................................................................................................11 2.1.7. Recommendations for occupational safety and health considerations.................................12 2.1.7.1. Hazards and provisions.......................................................................................................12 2.1.7.2. General measures to minimise hazards..............................................................................12 2.1.7.3. Specific safety measures on bridges with embedded or segregated tracks......................13 2.1.7.4. Specific measures in tunnels and on viaducts....................................................................13 2.1.7.5. Specific measures for driverless metros..............................................................................13 2.1.8. Tests on a test circuit and hydro-pulse-facility for embedded tracks ...................................14 2.1.8.1. Description of the test facilities............................................................................................15 2.1.8.2. Description of the test bodies embedded in road surfaces................................................16 2.1.8.3. Conducting the tests on the test circuit...............................................................................17 2.1.8.4. Conclusion............................................................................................................................21 D0602_M48_UITP_SP2.doc TIP5-CT-2006-031312 Page 3 of 53 URBAN TRACK Issued: 15/11/2010 2.2. Optimal maintenance methodology (WP2.2)..................................................................................23 2.2.1. Visual inspection & maintenance (WP2.2.1, developed by FCP) ..........................................23 2.2.1.1. Introduction..........................................................................................................................23 2.2.1.2. Strategy used and description of the methods...................................................................23 2.2.1.3. Results...................................................................................................................................23 2.2.1.4. Conclusions...........................................................................................................................26 2.2.1.5. Bibliography .........................................................................................................................27 2.2.2. Predictive and preventive maintenance of metro tracks (WP2.2.2, developed by INSA, INRETS and D2S)..................................................................28 2.2.2.1. Understanding rail lubrication impact (WP2.2.2a, developed by INSA)..........................................................................................28 Conclusions.......................................................................................................................................29 2.2.2.2. Solving the problem of rail track reliability estimation (WP2.2.2a, developed by INRETS)......................................................................................34 Background ...........................................................................................................................................34 Probabilistics Graphical Models ..........................................................................................................35 Definitions.........................................................................................................................................35 CPD parameters learning.................................................................................................................35 Inference in PGMs.............................................................................................................................36 Dynamic probabilistic graphical models.............................................................................................36