Architectural Survey of Henry County Table of Contents Hill Studio, P.C. Page i TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures and Tables..............................................................................................................iii Abstract........................................................................................................................................... 5 Acknowledgements......................................................................................................................... 5 Project Background......................................................................................................................... 6 Introduction............................................................................................................................... 6 Project Description.................................................................................................................... 6 Methodology................................................................................................................................... 8 Previous Architectural Investigations....................................................................................... 8 Research Methodology Prior to Field Study............................................................................. 9 On-Site Survey Methodology ................................................................................................... 9 Historic Contexts .......................................................................................................................... 10 Overview................................................................................................................................. 10 Contact Period (1607-1750).................................................................................................... 12 Early National Period (1790-1829)......................................................................................... 17 Antebellum Period (1830-1860) ............................................................................................. 23 Civil War (1861-1865)............................................................................................................ 30 Reconstruction and Growth (1866-1916) ............................................................................... 31 World War I to Post-World War II (1917-1959).................................................................... 44 Summary................................................................................................................................. 63 Survey Findings and Evaluation ................................................................................................... 66 Previously Identified Resources ............................................................................................. 66 Survey Findings ...................................................................................................................... 66 Evaluation ............................................................................................................................... 70 National Registrer of Historic Places............................................................................................ 70 Significance............................................................................................................................. 70 Properties Listed on the National Register ............................................................................. 73 Properties Evaluated by VDHR National Register Evaluation Team and Determined Eligible for National Register Listing .................................................................................................. 74 Properties Potentially Eligible for National Register Listing ................................................. 74 Recommendations......................................................................................................................... 75 National Register Listing ........................................................................................................ 75 Further Survey Work .............................................................................................................. 75 Archaeological Survey............................................................................................................ 75 Historic American Building Survey (HABS) / Historic American Engineering Record (HAER)................................................................................................................................... 76 Multiple Property Documentation Form (MPDF) .................................................................. 76 Public Policy ................................................................................................................................. 76 Public Stewardship of Historic Resources.............................................................................. 76 Land Use Issues ...................................................................................................................... 77 Historic Preservation Plan or Element.................................................................................... 77 Geographic Information System (GIS)................................................................................... 77 Archaeological Data Base....................................................................................................... 77 Financial Incentives for Historic Preservation........................................................................ 78 Regulatory Measures: Land Use and Zoning......................................................................... 78 Architectural Survey of Henry County Table of Contents Hill Studio, P.C. Page ii Private Initiatives .......................................................................................................................... 79 Landmark Designation............................................................................................................ 79 State and Federal Historic Rehabilitation Tax Credits ........................................................... 80 Historic Easements.................................................................................................................. 80 Conservation Easements ......................................................................................................... 80 Preservation Action: Public and Private ................................................................................. 81 Education ................................................................................................................................ 81 Tourism................................................................................................................................... 81 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................. 83 Appendices.................................................................................................................................... 88 Appendix A - Henry County Survey (in order of street address) ........................................... 88 Appendix B - Henry County Survey (in order of VDHR #)................................................... 99 Architectural Survey of Henry County List of Figures Hill Studio, P.C. Page iii LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES Figure 1: 2009 Map of Henry County..............................................................................................7 Figure 2: 1859 Map of Virginia including Henry County.. ...........................................................10 Figure 3: Belleview, (NRHP 044-0002)………………………………………………………… 13 Figure 4: Dependencies of the ca. 1820 Marrs Hill (044-5299).................................................. 17 Figure 5: The ca. 1820 Marrs Hill log house (044-5299)............................................................. 20 Figure 6: Smokehouse of Marrs Hill (044-5299)........................................................................ 21 Figure 7: Kitchen/slave quarters of Marrs Hill (044-5299)………………………………… .... 21 Figure 8: The Old Turner Place (NRHP 044-0105) ..................................................................... 21 Figure 9: The 1810 Greenwood, (120-5043)……………………………………………………22 Figure 10: Hordsville (044-0004), the 1836 home of George Hairston II……………………….23 Figure 11: The 1839 Beaver Creek Plantation (NRHP 044-0001)………..…………………......25 Figure 12: The ca. 1850 Flanagan Farmstead (044-5286)……………………………………..27 Figure 13: The ca. 1850 Lester House (044-5267)……………………………………………...28 Figure 14: The Greek Revival Gunnsville/Trenthill (044-0048)………………………………...29 Figure 15: 1865 Map of Henry County…………………………………………………….… …30 Figure 16: Bea Merriman waiting at the Koehler Train Station……………………………… …33 Figure 17: The ca. 1900 E.S. Draper Farmstead (044-5214) .................................................... 34 Figure 18: The ca. 1900 E.S. Draper Farmstead (044-5214)…………………………… …….35 Figure 19: The 1878 Lawson Farmstead (044-5292)................................................................. 35 Figure 20: The 1905 Philpott Mercantile Store (044-5222)……………………………… ..….37 Figure 21: The 1909 Bank of Ridgeway (044-5030) ................................................................. 38 Figure 22: Rock Run School (NRHP 044-5171)…………………………………………… ……39