SPORTY’S® WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ® SERIES ACS STUDY GUIDE Private Pilot Airman Certification Standards for Airplane Single-Engine Land Cross-Referenced to Sporty’s Interactive Video Course Sporty’s Academy, Inc. Clermont County/Sporty’s Airport Batavia, OH 45103 © 1995, 2017, by Sporty’s Academy, Inc. All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America ISBN 978-0-9830729-8-0 For additional copies, reorder #M116A Call: 1 (USA) 800.SPORTYS (776.7897) Fax: 1 (USA) 800.359.7794 1 (USA) 513.735.9200 sportys.com 08/17 Page Intentionally Left Blank Sporty’s Complete Flight Training Course Table of Contents Table of Contents Preface ............................................................................................................................................................ v Conventions Used in This Manual .............................................................................................................. vi FAA References Used in This Manual ........................................................................................................ vi Section 1 - Private Pilot Airman Certification Standards for Airplane Single-Engine Land with Video Cross-Reference .................................................................................................... 1-1 I. Preflight Preparation .......................................................................................................................1-1 A. Pilot Qualifications _____________________________________________________________________ 1-1 B. Airworthiness Requirements ______________________________________________________________ 1-1 C. Weather Information ____________________________________________________________________ 1-2 D. Cross-Country Flight Planning ____________________________________________________________ 1-3 E. National Airspace System ________________________________________________________________ 1-4 F. Performance and Limitations _____________________________________________________________ 1-4 G. Operation of Systems ___________________________________________________________________ 1-5 H. Human Factors ________________________________________________________________________ 1-6 I. Water and Seaplane Characteristics, Seaplane Bases, Maritime Rules, and Aids to Marine Navigation (ASES, AMES) ________________________________________________________________________ 1-7 II. Preflight Procedures ........................................................................................................................1-8 A. Preflight Assessment ____________________________________________________________________ 1-8 B. Flight Deck Management ________________________________________________________________ 1-8 C. Engine Starting ________________________________________________________________________ 1-9 D. Taxiing (ASEL, AMEL) _________________________________________________________________ 1-9 E. Taxiing and Sailing (ASES, AMES) ______________________________________________________ 1-10 F. Before Takeoff Check __________________________________________________________________ 1-11 III. Airport And Seaplane Base Operations .......................................................................................1-12 A. Communications and Light Signals _______________________________________________________ 1-12 B. Traffic Patterns _______________________________________________________________________ 1-12 IV. Takeoffs, Landings, and Go-Arounds ..........................................................................................1-13 A. Normal Takeoff and Climb ______________________________________________________________ 1-13 B. Normal Approach and Landing __________________________________________________________ 1-14 C. Soft-Field Takeoff and Climb (ASEL) _____________________________________________________ 1-15 D. Soft-Field Approach and Landing (ASEL) __________________________________________________ 1-16 E. Short-Field Takeoff and Maximum Performance Climb (ASEL, AMEL) __________________________ 1-17 F. Short-Field Approach and Landing (ASEL, AMEL) __________________________________________ 1-18 G. Confined Area Takeoff and Maximum Performance Climb (ASES, AMES) _______________________ 1-19 H. Confined Area Approach and Landing (ASES, AMES) _______________________________________ 1-20 I. Glassy Water Takeoff and Climb (ASES, AMES) ____________________________________________ 1-21 J. Glassy Water Approach and Landing (ASES, AMES) ________________________________________ 1-22 K. Rough Water Takeoff and Climb (ASES, AMES) ____________________________________________ 1-23 L. Rough Water Approach and Landing (ASES, AMES) _________________________________________ 1-24 M. Forward Slip to a Landing (ASEL, ASES) __________________________________________________ 1-25 N. Go-Around/Rejected Landing ____________________________________________________________ 1-26 V. Performance and Ground Reference Maneuvers .......................................................................1-27 A. Steep Turns __________________________________________________________________________ 1-27 B. Ground Reference Maneuvers ___________________________________________________________ 1-28 VI. Navigation .......................................................................................................................................1-29 A. Pilotage and Dead Reckoning ____________________________________________________________ 1-29 B. Navigation Systems and Radar Services ____________________________________________________ 1-30 C. Diversion ____________________________________________________________________________ 1-30 D. Lost Procedures _______________________________________________________________________ 1-31 ACS Study Guide Page i Table of Contents What You Should Know VII. Slow Flight And Stalls ....................................................................................................................1-32 A. Maneuvering During Slow Flight _________________________________________________________ 1-32 B. Power-Off Stalls ______________________________________________________________________ 1-33 C. Power-On Stalls ______________________________________________________________________ 1-34 D. Spin Awareness _______________________________________________________________________ 1-35 VIII. Basic Instrument Maneuvers ........................................................................................................1-36 A. Straight-and-Level Flight _______________________________________________________________ 1-36 B. Constant Airspeed Climbs ______________________________________________________________ 1-36 C. Constant Airspeed Descents _____________________________________________________________ 1-37 D. Turns to Headings _____________________________________________________________________ 1-37 E. Recovery from Unusual Flight Attitudes ___________________________________________________ 1-38 F. Radio Communications, Navigation Systems/Facilities, and Radar Services _______________________ 1-38 IX. Emergency Operations ..................................................................................................................1-39 A. Emergency Descent ___________________________________________________________________ 1-39 B. Emergency Approach and Landing (Simulated) (ASEL, ASES) _________________________________ 1-40 C. Systems and Equipment Malfunction ______________________________________________________ 1-41 D. Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear __________________________________________________ 1-42 E. Engine Failure During Takeoff Before VMC (Simulated) (AMEL, AMES) _________________________ 1-42 F. Engine Failure After Lift-Off (Simulated) (AMEL, AMES) ____________________________________ 1-43 G. Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine (Simulated) (AMEL, AMES) ___________________ 1-44 X. Multiengine Operations .................................................................................................................1-45 A. Maneuvering with One Engine Inoperative (AMEL, AMES) ___________________________________ 1-45 B. VMC Demonstration (AMEL, AMES) ______________________________________________________ 1-46 C. Engine Failure During Flight (by Reference to Instruments) (AMEL, AMES) ______________________ 1-47 D. Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine (Simulated) (by Reference to Instruments) (AMEL, AMES) ______________________________________________________________________ 1-48 XI. Night Operations ............................................................................................................................1-49 A. Night Preparation _____________________________________________________________________ 1-49 XII. Postflight Procedures .....................................................................................................................1-50 A. After Landing, Parking and Securing (ASEL, AMEL) ________________________________________ 1-50 B. Seaplane Post-Landing Procedures (ASES, AMES) __________________________________________ 1-50 Supplemental ACS Information ..............................................................................................................1-51 (ACS) Foreword ___________________________________________________________________________ 1-51 Airman Certification Standards Concept ________________________________________________________ 1-51 Using the ACS ____________________________________________________________________________