Refocusing cooperation with Namibia 2004:4 Finland’s Refocusing Finland’s Cooperation with Namibia Instruments and actors for civil society and business community partnerships Final report December 2004 Evaluation report 2005 EVALUATION REPORT • MINISTRY FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF FINLAND • DEPARTMENT FOR DEVELOPMENT POLICY ISBN 955-724-477-0 ISSN 1235-7618 Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland Department for Development Policy Namibia 2. kansi 24.3.2005 14:39 Sivu 2 REPORT 2004:3 Evaluation of the Development Cooperation Activities of Finnish NGOs and Loacal Cooperation Funds in Tanzania ISBN: 951-724-449-5, ISSN: 1235-7618 REPORT 2004:2 Evaluation of Finland’s Development Cooperation with Bosnia and Herzegovina ISBN: 951-724-446-0, ISSN: 1235-7618 REPORT 2004:1 Evaluation of Finnish Education Sector Development Cooperation ISBN: 951-724-440-1, ISSN: 1235-7618 REPORT 2003:3 Label Us Able – A Pro-active Evaluation of Finnish Development co-operation from the disability perspective ISBN 951-724-425-8, ISSN 1235-7618 REPORT 2003:2 Evaluation of Finnish Forest Sector Development Co-operation PART 2 ISBN 951-724-416-9 ISSN 1235-7618 REPORT 2003:2 Evaluation of Finnish Forest Sector Development Co-operation PART 1 ISBN 951-724-407-X, ISSN 1235-7618 REPORT 2003:1 Evaluation of the Finnish Concessional Credit Scheme ISBN 951-724-400-2, ISSN 1235-7618 REPORT 2002:9 Evaluation of the Development Cooperation Activities of Finnish NGOs in Kenya ISBN 951-724-392-8, ISSN 1235-7618 REPORT 2002:8 Synthesis Study of Eight Country Programme Evaluations ISBN 951-724-386-3, ISSN 1235-7618 REPORT 2002:7 Review of Finnish Training in Chemical Weapons Verification ISBN 951-724-378-2, ISSN 1235-7618 REPORT 2002:6 Evaluation of Framework NGOs in Finland ISBN 951-724-376-6, ISSN 1235-7618 REPORT 2002:5 Evaluation of the Bilateral Development Co-operation Programme between Kenya and Finland ISBN 951-724-373-1, ISSN 1235-7618 REPORT 2002:4 Evaluation of Bilateral Development Co-operation between Nicaragua and Finland ISBN 951-724-372-3, ISSN 1235-7618 REPORT 2002:3 Evaluation of the Bilateral Development Co-operation between Ethiopia and Finland ISBN 951-724-370-7, ISSN 1235-7618 REPORT 2002:2 Evaluation of the Bilateral Development Cooperation between Mozambique and Finland ISBN 951-724-367-7, ISSN 1235-7618 REPORT 2002:1 Evaluation of the Development Cooperation Programme between Nepal and Finland ISBN 951-724-368-5, ISSN 1235-7618 REPORT 2001:9 Evaluation of the Bilateral Development Co-operation between Finland and Zambia ISBN 951-724-365-0, ISSN 1235-7618 REPORT 2001:8 Evaluation of the Bilateral Development Co-operation between Vietnam and Finland ISBN 951-724-361-8, ISSN 1235-7618 REPORT 2001:7 Evaluation of Diesel Power Plants in Four Countries: Tanzania ISBN 951-724-356-1, ISSN 1235-7618 REPORT 2001:6 Evaluation of Diesel Power Plants in Four Countries: Peru ISBN 951-724-355-3, ISSN 1235-7618 REPORT 2001:5 Evaluation of Diesel Power Plants in Four Countries: Nepal ISBN 951-724-354-5, ISSN 1235-7618 REPORT 2001:4 Evaluation of Diesel Power Plants in Four Countries: Indonesia ISBN 951-724-353-7, ISSN 1235-7618 REPORT 2004:4 Refocusing Finland’s Cooperation with Namibia ISBN: 955-724-477-0, ISSN: 1235-7618 Printing house: Hakapaino Oy, Helsinki 2005 REFOCUSING FINLAND’S COOPERATION WITH NAMIBIA INSTRUMENTS AND ACTORS FOR CIVIL SOCIETY AND BUSINESS COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS REPORT This evaluation report has been funded by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland. The Consultant bears sole responsibility for the contents of the report. The report does not necessarily reflect the views of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland. LarCon Ltd in association with Integrated Training Consultancy Services cc, Parola International Associates, Nordic Consulting Group A/S and Southern African I.D.E.A.S (Pty) Ltd. December 2004 CONTENTS 0. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . vii 0.1 Key Findings and Conclusions . vii 0.2 Recommendations . x 1. INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1. Project background . 1 1.2. Long history of relations . 2 1.3. Namibia’s policy framework . 3 1.4. Transition to new forms of partnership . 5 1.5. Justification for refocused cooperation . 6 2. BILATERAL COOPERATION BY SECTORS AND THEMES . 6 2.1. Introduction to sectors and themes . 6 2.2. Health . 9 2.3. Water supply and environment . 11 2.4. Forestry . 13 2.5. Geology . 14 2.6. Administration and decentralization . 15 2.7. Civil society cooperation . 17 2.8. Business community cooperation . 21 3. REGIONAL AND MULTILATERAL COOPERATION . 23 4. ALTERNATIVE COOPERATION SCENARIOS . 28 4.1 Introduction to scenarios . 28 4.2 Phasing out of bilateral sector projects, no other measures . 29 4.3 Promotion of relations by existing instruments and institutions . 29 4.4 Pro-active promotion of business community cooperation . 30 5. COOPERATION OUTLOOK BY INSTRUMENTS AND ACTORS . 30 5.1. Bilateral assistance overview and outlook . 30 5.2. Sector projects . 32 5.3. Instruments for civil society cooperation. 33 5.4. Instruments for business community cooperation . 36 5.5. Proposed intervention: Namibia Transition Facility (NTF) . 38 Refocusing Finland’s Cooperation with Namibia iii 6. ADMINISTRATIVE ARRANGEMENTS . 40 7. RECOMMENDED ACTION PLAN . 43 ANNEXES Terms of Reference . 46 Interviews . 59 Detailed analysis of NGO and LCF cooperation available as separate Annex Reports iv Refocusing Finland’s Cooperation with Namibia LIST OF ACRONYMS AfDB African Development Bank AFLRA Association of Finnish Local and Regional Authorities ALAN Association of Local Authorities in Namibia ARC Association of Regional Councils CABLE Capacity Building for Local and Regional Authorities CBO Community-Based Organisation CIMO Centre for International Mobility CO Civic Organisation CCN Council of Churches in Namibia CSO Civil Society Organisation CWMSP The Community Water Supply Management Support Programme DFI Development Finance Institution DOF Directorate of Forestry DRWS Directorate of Rural Water Supply EFP Export Processing Zone EIT Grant for economic, industrial and technological cooperation ELCIN Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia EU European Union EUR European currency unit (Euro) FAD Finnish Association of the Deaf FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FCA Finnish Church Aid (FinnChurchAid) FDI Foreign direct investment FELM Finnish Evangelical Lutheran Mission FFF (1) Family Federation of Finland FFF (2) Forum for the Future FFVI Finnish Federation of the Visually Impaired FNGO Finnish Non-Governmental Organisation 4H International Youth Organisation (Head, Heart, Hands, Health) GEF Global Environment Facility GIS Geographical Information System GNP Gross National Product GRN Government of the Republic of Namibia EIB European Investment Bank GSF Finnish Geological Survey GSN Geological Survey of Namibia HSSSP The Health and Social Sector Support Programme IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (The World Bank Group) IDA International Development Association (The World Bank Group) IFC International Finance Corporation (The World Bank Group) INFOCOM Information and Communication Service for Sustainable Development IMF International Monetary Fund IPPF International Planned Parenthood Federation IPPR Institute for Public Policy Research KEPA Finnish NGO Coordination and Service Centre LA Local authority LAC Legal Assistance Centre LaRRI Labour Resource and Research Institute Refocusing Finland’s Cooperation with Namibia v LCF Local Cooperation Fund MEUR Million euro MFA Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland MOF Ministry of Finance of Namibia MOHSS Ministry of Health and Social Services MTEF Medium term expenditure framework MRLGH Ministry of Regional and Local Government and Housing NAD Namibian dollar NAFAU Namibia Food and Allied Workers Union NAFWU Namibia Farm Workers Union (incorporates domestic workers) NALAO Namibia Association for Local Authority Officers NAMEC Namibian Men for Change NAMPOL Namibian Police NANGOF Namibia Non-Governmental Organisation Forum NANTU Namibia National Teachers Union NAPPA Namibia Planned Parenthood Association NCCI Namibia Chamber of Commerce and Industry NECDP Namibia Early Childhood Development Programme NEPAD New Partnership for Africa’s Development NDP National Development Plan NFVI Namibia Federation for the Visually Impaired NGO Non Governmental Organisation NIED National Institute for Educational Development NNAD Namibia National Association for the Deaf NPC National Planning Commission NPCS National Planning Commission Secretariat NPRAP National Poverty Reduction Action Programme NTF Namibia Transition Facility OAJ Trade Union of Education in Finland PPP Public-Private Partnership RC Regional Committee RMT Regional Management Teams SACU Southern Africa Customs Union SADC South African Development Community SASK The Trade Union Solidarity Centre in Finland SCVI Service Centre for the Visually Impaired SHSA Summer High School Association STI sexually transmitted infection SWAPO SWAPO Party UNAIDS United Nations Joint Programme on HIV/AIDS UNAM University of Namibia UN United Nations UND United Nations Development Programme UNFPA United Nations Fund for Population USD United States dollar UTN Urban Trust of Namibia VA Voluntary Association (under common law) WFP World Food Programme WIMSA Working Group of Indigenous Minorities in Southern Africa WO Welfare Organisation Exchange rate (November 2004): 1 EUR = 7.80 NAD (Namibian dollar) vi Refocusing Finland’s Cooperation with Namibia 0. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 0.1 Key Findings and Conclusions Namibia as Finland’s Development