APPLIED KINESIOLOGY RESEARCH AND LITERATURE COMPENDIUM -- Edited by Scott Cuthbert, D.C. APPLIED KINESIOLOGY RESEARCH ARTICLES IN PEER REVIEWED JOURNALS Cuthbert SC, Barras M. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2009 Oct;32(8):660-9. Developmental delay syndromes: psychometric OBJECTIVE: This study presents a case series of 157 children with developmental delay testing before and after syndromes, including the conditions such as dyspraxia, dyslexia, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and learning disabilities who received chiropractic care. CLINICAL FEATURES: A chiropractic treatment of 157 consecutive sample of 157 children aged 6 to 13 years (86 boys and 71 girls) with difficulties in children. reading, learning, social interaction, and school performance who met these inclusion criteria were included. INTERVENTION AND OUTCOMES: Each patient received a multimodal chiropractic treatment protocol, applied kinesiology chiropractic technique. The outcome measures were a series of 8 standardized psychometric tests given to the children by a certified speech therapist pre- and posttreatment, which evaluate 20 separate areas of cognitive function, including patient- or parent-reported improvements in school performance, social interaction, and sporting activities. Individual and group data showed that at the end of treatment, the 157 children showed improvements in the 8 psychometric tests and 20 areas of cognitive function compared with their values before treatment. Their ability to concentrate, maintain focus and attention, and control impulsivity and their performance at home and school improved. CONCLUSIONS: This report suggests that a multimodal chiropractic method that assesses and treats motor dysfunction reduced symptoms and enhanced the cognitive performance in this group of children. Developmental Delay J Ped Matern Fam Health. Aug 2009: 3. Syndromes and Chiropractic: A Case Report. Blum C, Objective: Issues regarding chiropractic treatment for various types of conditions such as Cuthbert S. developmental delay syndromes, while controversial to some, have some support in the literature. At this time developmental delay syndromes such as ADHD have inconclusive etiologies. While many consider developmental delay disorders solely genetic in origin, others have supported the concept that a subset of patients may have a trauma or other physical related imbalances that could be contributory to the patient's dysfunction. Clinical Features: Presented is a case of fraternal twins where one twin's developmental and emotional growth was notably delayed compared to her other twin. Chiropractic cranial care was rendered, which appeared to assist a positive outcome for the treated child. Interventions and Outcomes: Perhaps a better way of interpreting chiropractic's ability to help patients with learning disabilities, dyslexia, dyspraxia, and ADHD, is viewing a specific subset of patients as having their conditions secondary to trauma. With developmental delay syndromes there are various related possible chiropractic interventions, such as cranial related therapies and upper cervical, cervical and even treatment for pelvic related dysfunction. Conclusion: Since there is some question as to the causation of the various developmental delay syndromes, this ultimately leads to some lack of clarity on treatment options, particularly for children sensitive to medication or who do not choose medication as an option. Patients are seeking alternative care, and particularly care that offers low risk and some benefit should be brought to their attention. While the studies are inconclusive, there is an emerging evidence base 1 that does show chiropractic care can be involved in the treatment and care of patients with developmental delay syndromes. Greater study is needed into understanding which patients might best benefit from chiropractic care, where co-treatment is indicated, and consistent outcome assessment tools to measure changes so mechanisms of care can be evaluated. 2 Manual biofeedback: A novel J Altern Med Res 2009;1(3): 221-232. approach to the assessment and treatment of Abstract: This paper introduces manual biofeedback, a hands-on neuromuscular therapy that neuromuscular dysfunction, incorporates numerous clinical features of other physical assessment and treatment protocols, including EMG-type biofeedback and manual muscle testing. The clinical and scientific rationale Maffetone P. for the use of manual biofeedback is reviewed, including the assessment and treatment of a wide range of neuromuscular dysfunction caused by brain, spinal cord and local injury. This includes the full spectrum of so-called muscle ―weakness‖ (abnormal muscle inhibition), including those with no detectable contraction. Manual biofeedback incorporates active (versus passive) patient participation throughout the rehabilitation process that enlists many of the neurological mechanisms between the muscle and brain, and brain and muscle (including the spinal cord). Instead of using mechanical sensors common in most biofeedback computerized devices, manual biofeedback integrates the practitioner’s sensory system as the primary sensor, much like traditional manual muscle testing procedures used to assess physical disability, and those employed during common neurological evaluations. Manual biofeedback is a clinical hands-on neuromuscular therapy that expands the scope and simplifies many traditional biofeedback-type therapies. It is a safe and inexpensive procedure that addresses the full range of neuromuscular problems, including common muscle imbalance, and muscle dysfunction associated with brain and spinal cord injuries. A pilot study to determine the J Chirop Med. Jun 2009;8(2):56-61. effects of a supine sacroiliac orthopedic blocking Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if an orthopedic pelvic blocking procedure on cervical spine procedure affects cervical spine extensor isometric strength. Methods: Twenty-two participants were sequentially assigned into treatment and control groups. extensor isometric strength, Treatment consisted of a 2-minute procedure using orthopedic blocks (padded wedges with a 45° Giggey K, Tepe R. incline) that were placed bilaterally under the ilia as determined by leg length assessment. Isometric strength measurements took place in 2 sessions with a day of rest between. The treatment group received therapy at the second session immediate to postisometric measures. Results: Outcome measures were the pre- and posttreatment measurements of cervical isometric extension strength in pounds. The t tests showed no statistically significant difference between groups in isometric extension strength before treatment. One-way analysis of variance demonstrated a significant difference between groups after treatment (F1,21 = 7.174, P = .014). The treatment group demonstrated an average increase of 6.35 (8.18) lb in extensor strength. Conclusions: The current study showed a statistically significant change in cervical isometric extensor strength after sacroiliac joint blocking. Evaluation of Applied Chin Med. 2009 May 29;4(1):9. Kinesiology meridian techniques by means of ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The use of Applied Kinesiology techniques based on manual surface electromyography muscle tests relies on the relationship between muscles and acupuncture meridians. Applied Kinesiology detects body dysfunctions based on changes in muscle tone. Muscle tonification or (sEMG): demonstration of inhibition within the test setting can be achieved with selected acupoints. These acupoints belong the regulatory influence of to either the same meridian or related meridians. The aim of this study is to analyze muscle antique acupuncture points. sedation and tonification by means of surface electromyography. METHODS: Manual muscle Moncayo R, Moncayo H. tests were carried out using standard Applied Kinesiology (AK) techniques. The investigation included basic AK procedures such as sedation and tonification with specific acupoints. The sedation and tonification acupoints were selected from related meridians according to the Five Elements. The tonification effect of these acupoints was also tested while interfering effects were induced by manual stimulation of scars. The effects of selective neural therapy, i.e. individually tested and selected anesthetic agent, for the treatment of scars were also studied. The characteristics of muscle action were documented by surface electromyographys (sEMG). RESULTS: The sEMG data showed a diminution of signal intensity when sedation was used. Graded sedation resulted in a graded diminution of signal amplitude. Graded increase in signal amplitude was observed when antique acupuncture points were used for tonification. The tactile 3 stretch stimulus of scars localized in meridian-independent places produced diminution of signal intensity on a reference muscle, similar to sedation. These changes, however, were not corrected by tonification acupoints. Correction of these interferences was achieved by lesion specific neural therapy with local anesthetics. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated the central working principles, i.e. sedation and tonification, of Applied Kinesiology through the use of specific acupoints that have an influence on manual muscle tests. Sedation decreases RMS signal in sEMG, whereas tonification increases it. Interfering stimuli from scars were corrected by selective neural therapy. Comment: AK MMT was conducted throughout in this study. The investigation included stimulating sedation and tonification