WORSHIP IN THE EARLY CHURCH WORSHIP IN THE EARLY CHURCH An Anthology of Historical Sources Volume Two Lawrence J. Johnson A PUEBLO BOOK Liturgical Press Collegeville, Minnesota www.litpress.org A Pueblo Book published by Liturgical Press Cover design by David Manahan, osb Excerpt (57-B), Epigraph in the Ambrosian Baptistery: from On Baptismal Fonts: Ancient and Modern, by S.A. Stauffer, Alcuin/GROW Liturgical Study 29–30 (Bramcote, Nottingham: Grove Books), p. 24. Copyright © 1994. Reprinted with permission of the publisher (www.grovebooks.co.uk). Excerpt (64-A), Epitaph at Salona: from The Church at Prayer, vol. 3, The Sacraments, new edition, by R. Cabié and others (Collegeville: Liturgical Press), pp. 62–63, n. 207. Copyright © 1987. Reprinted with permission of the publisher. Excerpts (79, 96), Anaphora of Addai and Mari, Strasbourg Papyrus: from Prayers of the Eucharist: Early and Reformed, 3rd rev. edition, ed. R.C.D. Jasper and G.J. Cuming (Collegeville: Liturgical Press), pp. 42–45, 53–54. Copyright © 1992. Reprinted with permission of the publisher. Excerpt (86-A), Rule of Saint Pachomius. Precepts: from Pachomian Chronicles and Rules, vol. 2, trans. A. Veilleux, Cistercian Studies Series 46 (Kalamazoo: Cister- cian Publications), pp. 146ff. Copyright © 1981. Reprinted with permission of the publisher. Excerpts (87-A, 87-B), History of the Monks of the Egyptian Desert, Life of Onnophrius: from Paphnutius: Histories of the Monks of Upper Egypt and the Life of Onnophrius, rev. edition, trans. and ed. T. Vivian, Cistercian Studies Series 140 (Kalamazoo: Cister- cian Publications), pp. 78ff., 164. Copyright © 2000. Reprinted with permission of the publisher. © 2009 by Order of Saint Benedict, Collegeville, Minnesota. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, microfilm, microfiche, mechanical recording, photocopying, translation, or by any other means, known or yet unknown, for any purpose except brief quotations in reviews, without the previous written permission of Liturgical Press, Saint John’s Abbey, PO Box 7500, Collegeville, Minnesota 56321-7500. Printed in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Johnson, Lawrence J., 1933– Worship in the early church : an anthology of historical sources / Lawrence J. Johnson. p. cm. “A Pueblo book.” Includes index. ISBN 978-0-8146-6197-0 (v. 1) — ISBN 978-0-8146-6198-7 (v. 2) — ISBN 978-0-8146-6199-4 (v. 3) — ISBN 978-0-8146-6226-7 (v. 4) 1. Worship—History—Early church, ca. 30–600. 2. Church history—Primitive and early church, ca. 30–600. I. Title. BV6.J64 2009 264.00937—dc22 2009035344 Contents Abbreviations xi Introduction xxiii Chapter VII. Fourth Century. West 1 Africa 1 48. Acts of the Martyrs of Abitina 1 49. Optatus of Milevis 2 49-A. Against the Church of the Apostates 3 50. Synods 4 50-A. Synod of Carthage (345–48) 4 50-B. Synod of Carthage II (390) 4 50-C. Synod of Hippo (393) 5 Italy 8 51. Zeno of Verona 8 51-A. Sermons. I. 24; I. 32; I. 38; I. 49; I. 55; II. 6 9 52. Damasus I, Pope 10 52-A. The Tome of Damasus 11 53. Ambrose of Milan 12 53-A. On Cain and Abel 17 53-B. On Virgins 17 53-C. On Faith to Gratian 18 53-D. On Elias and Fasting 18 53-E. Commentary on the Gospel of St. Luke 19 53-F. On the Holy Spirit 20 53-G. On Penance 21 53-H. On Abraham 25 53-I. Hexameron 26 53-J. Commentary on Psalm 118 (119) 27 53-K. Explanation of David the Prophet 27 53-L. On the Mysteries 28 53-M. On the Sacraments 40 53-N. An Explanation of the Creed 69 53-O. Duties of the Clergy 70 53-P. On the Patriarchs 71 53-Q. Commentaries on Twelve Psalms of David 71 v vi Contents 53-R. Sermons 73 53-R-1. Sermon on the Death of Satyrus 73 53-R-2. Sermon on the Death of Valentinian 74 53-S. Letters. 8 (39); 62 (19); 75A (21a); 76 (20); 77 (22); (63) 75 53-T. Hymns 77 53-T-1. Aeterne rerum conditor 78 53-T-2. Deus creator omnium 78 53-T-3. Jam surgit hora tertia 79 53-T-4. Intende qui regis Israel 79 54. Filaster of Brescia 80 54-A. Book of Heresies 80 55. Siricius, Pope 82 55-A. Letters 82 55-A-1. Letter 1. To Himerius 82 55-A-2. Letter 7. To Various Bishops 85 56. Three Anonymous Sermons. On Penance 85 56-A. Sermon 2 85 56-B. Sermon 3 86 57. Inscriptions 87 57-A. Epigraph of Saint Tarcisius 87 57-B. Epigraph in the Ambrosian Baptistery 87 57-C. Epigraph of Flavius Latinus 88 57-D. Epigraph of Postumius Eutenion 88 Gaul 88 58. Hilary of Poitiers 88 58-A. On the Gospel of Matthew 89 58-B. On the Trinity 89 58-C. On the Psalms 90 59. Synods 90 59-A. Synod of Arles I (314) 90 59-B. Synod of Valence (374) 91 59-C. Synod of Nîmes (394) 91 Iberia 92 60. Pacian of Barcelona 92 60-A. On Baptism 93 60-B. On the Penitents 98 60-C. Letters 106 60-C-1. Letter 1. To Simpronian 106 60-C-2. Letter 3. To Simpronian 111 61. Gregory of Elvira 116 61-A. Sermons on the Books of the Holy Scriptures 116 61-A-1. Sermon 15 117 Contents vii 62. Synods 118 62-A. Synod of Elvira (ca. 300) 118 62-B. Synod of Saragossa (ca. 380) 121 Bulgaria/Croatia 122 63. Synod of Sardica (Serdica) (ca. 343) 122 64. Inscription. Epitaph at Salona 122 Chapter VIII. Fourth Century. East 123 Asia Minor 123 65. Methodius of Philippi (of Olympus) 123 65-A. The Banquet 123 66. Lactantius 124 66-A. The Death of the Persecutors 125 67. Basil the Great 127 67-A. On the Holy Spirit 129 67-B. Longer Rules 131 67-C. Ascetical Discourse 133 67-D. Homilies 133 67-D-1. Homily 14 on Drunkards 133 67-D-2. Homily 3 on Famine and Drought 134 67-D-3. Homily 13 on Baptism 134 67-D-4. Homily on Psalm 1 135 67-D-5. Homily on Psalm 114 136 67-E. Letters 136 67-E-1. Letter 2. To Gregory 137 67-E-2. Letter 93. To the Patrician Lady Caesaria on Communion 137 67-E-3. Letter 188. To Amphilochius 137 67-E-4. Letter 199. To Amphilochius 140 67-E-5. Letter 207. To the Clergy of Neo-Caesarea 140 67-E-6. Letter 217. To Amphilochius 141 68. Gregory of Nazianzus 143 68-A. Orations. 8; 18; 38; 39; 40; 43; 45 144 68-B. Letters. 231 150 69. Gregory of Nyssa 151 69-A. The Great Catechesis 151 69-B. Life of Macrina 152 69-C. Sermons and Orations 154 69-C-1. Sermon on the Ascension 154 69-C-2. Sermon on the Day of Lights on Which Our Lord Was Baptized 154 69-C-3. Sermon on the Forty Martyrs 156 69-C-4. Sermon against Those Who Postpone Baptism 156 viii Contents 69-D. Letters 156 69-D-1. Letter 2. To Those Wanting to Go to Jerusalem 156 69-D-2. Letter 5. To Those Who Doubt That His Faith Is Orthodox 157 69-D-3. Letter 25. To Amphilochius 157 69-D-4. Letter to Letonius 159 70. Pseudo-Ignatius. Letter to the Antiochians 159 71. Councils/Synods 160 71-A. Synod of Ancyra (314) 160 71-B. Synod of Neo-Caesarea (ca. 320) 163 71-C. Council of Nicaea I (325) 164 71-C-1. Canons 165 71-C-2. Synodal Letter to the Egyptians 168 71-D. Council of Constantinople I (381) 168 72. Inscription. Fourth Century. Asia Minor 169 72-A. From a Dokimeion marble slab 169 Syria 170 73. Ammianus Marcellinus 170 73-A. Rerum gestarum libri 170 74. John Chrysostom 171 74-A. Homilies on the Psalms. Psalms 7; 49; 140; 144; 145; 149 174 74-B. Homilies on Isaiah. 1; 4 175 74-C. Homilies on Hannah. 4; 5 177 74-D. Homilies on the Gospel of Matthew. 25; 50; 71 177 74-E. Homilies on the Gospel of John. 11; 46 178 74-F. Homilies on the Acts of the Apostles. 18; 26 179 74-G. Homilies on the First Letter to the Corinthians. 8; 24; 27; 36; 40 180 74-H. Homilies on the Second Letter to the Corinthians. 2; 18 184 74-I. Homilies on the Letter to the Ephesians. 3; 14 185 74-J. Homilies on the Letter to the Philippians. 1; 3 186 74-K. Homilies on the Letter to the Colossians. 12 186 74-L. Homilies on the Second Letter to the Thessalonians. 4 187 74-M. Homilies on the First Letter to Timothy. 5; 6; 14 187 74-N. Homilies on the Second Letter to Timothy. 2 189 74-O. Homilies on the Letter to the Hebrews. 8; 17 190 74-P. Homilies on Lazarus. 4 191 74-Q. Homilies “On the Incomprehensible Nature of God.” 3; 4; 5 191 74-R. Homilies against the Jews. 3 193 74-S. Liturgical Homilies 194 74-S-1. Homily on the Baptism of Jesus 194 74-S-2. Homily 1 on Holy Thursday 194 Contents ix 74-S-3. Homily 1 on Pentecost 195 74-T. Other Homilies 195 74-T-1. Homily 2 on Prayer 195 74-T-2. Homily 2 on the Devil 195 74-T-3.