À.Â. ÀÄÐÈÀÍÎÂ, Â.Â. ÌÀËÀÕΠÃÎËÎÂÎÕÎÁÎÒÍÛÅ ×ÅÐÂÈ (CEPHALORHYNCHA) ÌÈÐÎÂÎÃÎ ÎÊÅÀÍÀ (Îïðåäåëèòåëü ìîðñêîé ôàóíû) A.V. ADRIANOV & V.V. MALAKHOV CEPHALORHYNCHA OF THE WORLD OCEAN KMK Scientific Press Ltd. Ìîñêâà 1999 ÓÄÊ 595.13:591.4:575.86 À.Â. Àäðèàíîâ, Â.Â. Ìàëàõîâ. Ãîëîâîõîáîòíûå ÷åðâè (Cephalorhyncha) Ìèðîâîãî Îêåàíà (Îïðåäå- ëèòåëü ìîðñêîé ôàóíû). Ìîñêâà: Òîâàðèùåñòâî íàó÷íûõ èçäàíèé ÊÌÊ. 1999. 328 ñòð. A.V. Adrianov & V.V. Malakhov. Cephalorhyncha of the World Ocean. Moscow: KMK Scientific Press Ltd. 1999. 328 pp. Ìîíîãðàôèÿ ïðåäñòàâëÿåò ñîáîé ïåðâóþ â ìèðîâîé ëèòåðàòóðå ïîëíóþ ñâîäêó ïî ìîðôîëîãèè è ñèñòåìàòèêå ìîðñêèõ ãîëîâîõîáîòíûõ ÷åðâåé — ïðåäñòàâèòåëåé òèïà Cephalorhyncha: ïðèàïó- ëèä, ëîðèöèôåð, êèíîðèíõ, ìîðñêèõ íåìàòîìîðô (âîëîñàòèêîâ). Ïðèâåäåíû ïîäðîáíûå îïðåäåëè- òåëüíûå òàáëèöû êàê íàäâèäîâûõ òàêñîíîâ, òàê è âèäîâ; äëÿ êàæäîãî òàêñîíà äàíû ïîäðîáíûå äèàãíîçû; äëÿ êàæäîãî âèäà ïðèâåäåíû ïîäðîáíûå èëëþñòðàöèè îïðåäåëèòåëüíûõ ïðèçíàêîâ, ýêî- ëîãè÷åñêèå è áèîãåîãðàôè÷åñêèå õàðàêòåðèñòèêè. 1 ñåìåéñòâî, 1 ðîä è 14 âèäîâ îïèñàíû êàê íîâûå äëÿ íàóêè. Ïîäðîáíî îïèñàíû íàõîäêè ðÿäà ðàíåå èçâåñòíûõ âèäîâ. Ìîíîãðàôèÿ áîãàòî èëëþñòðèðîâàíà ðèñóíêàìè è ìèêðîôîòîãðàôèÿìè. Äëÿ çîîëîãîâ, ãèäðîáèîëîãîâ è ýêîëîãîâ, àñïèðàíòîâ è ñòóäåíòîâ. Òàá. 8, Èë. 193, Áèáë. 431. The monograph represents the first treatise on both morphology and taxonomy of marine cephalorhynch worms (phylum Cephalorhyncha): Priapulida, Loricifera, Kinorhyncha, and marine Nematomorpha. Identification keys and diagnoses to all taxa are provided. Detailed illustartions of distinguishing characters, as well as data on ecology and distribution are given for all species. One family, one genus, and 14 species are described as new for science. New records of previously known species are described in details. The monograph is abundantly illustrated by drawings, SEM- & TEM photos. Destined to zoologists, hydrobiologists and ecologists, postgraduate and graduate students. 8 tabs., 193 figs., 431 references. ISBN 5-87317-067-3 À.Â. Àäðèàíîâ, Â.Â. Ìàëàõîâ, òåêñò, èëëþñòðàöèè Ê.Ã. Ìèõàéëîâ, îðèãèíàë-ìàêåò KMK Scientific Press Ltd., èçäàíèå Ëîäåéíèêîâ ñêëîíèëñÿ íàä ëèñòàìè, È â ýòîò ìèã ïðèâèäåëñÿ åìó Îãðîìíûé ÷åðâü, æåëåçíûìè çóáàìè Ñõâàòèâøèé ëèñò è ïðÿíóâøèé âî òüìó. Òàê âîò îíà, ãàðìîíèÿ ïðèðîäû, Òàê âîò îíè, íî÷íûå ãîëîñà! Òàê âîò î ÷åì øóìÿò âî ìðàêå âîäû...! Í. Çàáîëîöêèé, “Ëîäåéíèêîâ” PHYLOGENY, AND CLASSIFICATION PRIAPULIDA: STRUCTURE, DEVELOPMENT, KMK LTD. ÌÎÑÊÂÀ 1996 3 ÑÎÄÅÐÆÀÍÈÅ 1. ÏÐÅÄÈÑËÎÂÈÅ ..............................................................................................................................12 2. ÂÂÅÄÅÍÈÅ. Ïëàí ñòðîåíèÿ ãîëîâîõîáîòíûõ ÷åðâåé ...................................................................13 3. ÏÐÈÀÏÓËÈÄÛ ................................................................................................................................14 3.1. Èñòîðè÷åñêèé îáçîð ñèñòåìû ïðèàïóëèä .............................................................................14 3.2. Ïëàí ñòðîåíèÿ è îñîáåííîñòè ìîðôîëîãèè, èñïîëüçóåìûå â ñèñòåìàòèêå ......................17 3.2.1. Ïëàí ñòðîåíèÿ, âíåøíÿÿ ìîðôîëîãèÿ è ñèììåòðèÿ ..................................................17 3.2.2. Ìèêðîñêîïè÷åñêàÿ àíàòîìèÿ ........................................................................................32 3.2.3. Ëè÷èíêè ïðèàïóëèä ........................................................................................................32 3.3. Ôèëîãåíèÿ ïðèàïóëèä .............................................................................................................40 3.4. Ñèñòåìà, îïðåäåëèòåëüíûå òàáëèöû è äèàãíîçû òàêñîíîâ .................................................40 Êëàññ Priapulida ............................................................................................................40 Êëþ÷ äëÿ îïðåäåëåíèÿ íàäâèäîâûõ òàêñîíîâ ïî âçðîñëûì ôîðìàì ......................41 Êëþ÷ äëÿ îïðåäåëåíèÿ ëè÷èíîê.................................................................................41 Îòðÿä Priapulomorpha ............................................................................................42 Ñåìåéñòâî Priapulidae ......................................................................................42 Ðîä Priapulus ................................................................................................42 Ðîä Acanthopriapulus ....................................................................................47 Ðîä Priapulopsis ............................................................................................48 Ñåìåéñòâî Tubiluchidae ....................................................................................49 Ðîä Tubiluchus .............................................................................................49 Îòðÿä Meiopriapulomorpha ....................................................................................52 Ñåìåéñòâî Meiopriapulidae ..............................................................................52 Ðîä Meiopriapulus.........................................................................................52 Îòðÿä Halicryptomorpha .........................................................................................52 Ñåìåéñòâî Halicryptidae ...................................................................................52 Ðîä Halicryptus .............................................................................................52 Îòðÿä Seticoronaria .................................................................................................53 Ñåìåéñòâî Chaetostephanidae ..........................................................................53 Ðîä Maccabeus ...................................................................................................53 3.5. Çîîãåîãðàôèÿ ............................................................................................................................54 3.5.1. Ìàêðîáåíòîñíûå ïðèàïóëèäû .......................................................................................54 3.5.2. Ìåéîáåíòîñíûå ïðèàïóëèäû .........................................................................................57 3.5.3. Ãèïîòåçà ãëÿöèàëüíûõ ðåëèêòîâ ....................................................................................58 3.6. Summary of chapter 3 ...............................................................................................................59 3.6.1. Classification of the class Priapulida .................................................................................59 Class Priapulida ..............................................................................................................59 Key to superspecies taxa (adults) ....................................................................................59 Key to superspecies taxa (larvae) ....................................................................................59 Order Priapulomorpha .............................................................................................60 Family Priapulidae .............................................................................................60 Genus Priapulus ............................................................................................60 Genus Acanthopriapulus ................................................................................61 Genus Priapulopsis ........................................................................................62 Family Tubiluchidae ...........................................................................................62 Genus Tubiluchus .........................................................................................62 Order Meiopriapulomorpha .....................................................................................64 Family Meiopriapulidae .....................................................................................64 Genus Meiopriapulus.....................................................................................64 Order Halicryptomorpha .........................................................................................64 Family Halicryptidae ..........................................................................................64 4 Genus Halicryptus .........................................................................................64 Order Seticoronaria .................................................................................................65 Family Chaetostephanidae .................................................................................65 Genus Maccabeus .........................................................................................65 3.6.2. Zoogeography ....................................................................................................................66 4. ËÎÐÈÖÈÔÅÐÛ ...............................................................................................................................67 4.1. Èñòîðèÿ ñèñòåìàòèêè è ñîâðåìåííîå ñîñòîÿíèå ñèñòåìû ..................................................67 4.2. Ïëàí ñòðîåíèÿ è îñîáåííîñòè ìîðôîëîãèè, èñïîëüçóåìûå â ñèñòåìàòèêå ......................67 4.2.1. Âíåøíÿÿ ìîðôîëîãèÿ .....................................................................................................67 4.2.2. Ìèêðîñêîïè÷åñêàÿ àíàòîìèÿ ........................................................................................75 4.2.3. Ðàçâèòèå ëîðèöèôåð .......................................................................................................75