MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, ARTS AND PAPERS OF THE MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF LETTERS SCIENCE ARTS AND LETTERS EDITORS VOLUME XXVIII (1942) EUGENE S. MCCARTNEY WILLIAM C. STEERE CONTAINING PAPERS SUBMITTED AT THE ANNUAL MEETING IN 1942 VOLUME XXVIII (1942) “Pusilla res mundus est nisi in illo quod quaerat omnis mundus habeat.” VOLUME XXVIII IS AVAILABLE IN FOUR PARTS: —SENECA, Naturales Quaestiones PART I: BOTANY AND FORESTRY ANN ARBOR: THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN PRESS LONDON: HUMPHREY MILFORD, OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS PART II: ZOOLOGY 1943 PART III: GEOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY All rights reserved COPYRIGHT, 1943, PART IV: GENERAL SECTION BY THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN NTHROPOLOGY OLKLORE A , F Set up and printed, HISTORY AND POLITICAL SCIENCE, January, 1943 LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE Published February, 1943 MEDICAL SCIENCE, PHILOSOPHY PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY THE PLIMPTON PRESS · NORWOOD · MASS. he annual volumes of Papers of the Michigan T Academy of Science, Arts and Letters are issued under the joint direction of the Council of the Academy and of the University of Michigan Press. The editor for OFFICERS FOR 1942 the Academy is William C. Steere; for the University, President Eugene S. McCartney. I. D. SCOTT University of Michigan Previous publications of The Michigan Academy of Vice-President Science now known as The Michigan Academy of EDWARD C. PROPHET Science, Arts and Letters, were issued under the title, Michigan State College Annual Report of the Michigan Academy of Science. Section Chairmen Twenty-two volumes were published, of which those numbered 1, 7, 21 and 22 are out of print. Copies of the ANTHROPOLOGY, Carl F. Voegelin, Indiana University BOTANY, E. B. Mains, University of Michigan other volumes are still available for distribution and will ECONOMICS, Walter A. Terpenning, Albion College be sent on exchange so long as the editions last. FINE ARTS, Avard Fairbanks, University of Michigan Applications for copies should be made to the University FOLKLORE, Thelma James, Wayne University of Michigan Press. FORESTRY, Shirley W. Allen, University of Michigan GEOGRAPHY, James H. Glasgow, Michigan State Normal College The Annual Reports which are now being published GEOLOGY AND MINERALOGY, Justin Zinn, Michigan State College HISTORY AND POLITICAL SCIENCE, Willis F. Dunbar, Kalamazoo College contain the proceedings of the Academy. Applications LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, Lawrence G. Linnard, Detroit for copies should be addressed to the Librarian of the LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE, James H. Warner, Hope College University of Michigan. MATHEMATICS, T. R. Running, University of Michigan PHILOSOPHY, Leo R. Ward, University of Notre Dame Volumes XXIV-XXVIII are also issued in four parts, in PSYCHOLOGY, Wilson McTeer, Wayne University paper covers. The contents and the prices of these SANITARY AND MEDICAL SCIENCE, Warren O. Nelson, Wayne University, parts and the prices of all volumes in the series are listed College of Medicine SOCIOLOGY, Edward C. Jandy, Wayne University at the end of this volume. Orders for volumes and ZOOLOGY, A. H. Stockard, University of Michigan requests for detailed book lists of other University of Secretary Michigan publications should be sent to the University of H. W. Hann, University of Michigan Michigan Press. Treasurer Mischa Titiev, University of Michigan Editor W. C. Steere, University of Michigan Librarian W. W. Bishop, University of Michigan Selections from Papers of the MASAL--Vol. 28 – Page 1 of 37 CONTENTS KENDALL: Figs. 1-2. Surface regions and surface types of the Atlas lands of northwestern Africa....................................6 GEOGRAPHY KISS: THE FRONTIER OF NEW ENGLAND IN THE SEVENTEENTH AND Fig. 1. Wit's map of Hungary, published in 1688. ....................8 EIGHTEENTH CENTURIES AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN AMERICAN HISTORY. Stanley D. Dodge ............................. 3 Fig. 2. A surveyor and his aides (from Lipszky's map). ...........8 Fig. 3. Preliminary field sketch of a part of Zala County, A NEW MAP ON THE SURFACE CONFIGURATION OF MEXICO. western Hungary, executed by Joseph Badstieber ..........8 Harry E. Yoy...................................................................... 5 STRAW: THE SURFACE CONFIGURATION OF THE ATLAS LANDS. Henry Madison Kendall ..................................................... 6 Fig. 1. Chart showing population growth of Humphreys County, Tennessee, 1880-1940 .....................................14 LIPSZKY'S MAP AND THE FIRST GENERAL LAND SURVEY OF Fig. 2. Charts showing occupations in Humphreys County, HUNGARY (1786-1806). George Kiss................................ 7 1935 ...............................................................................14 CHANGES IN DISTRIBUTION OF FARM BUILDINGS IN RELATION Figs. 3-6. Map of Humphreys County: surface geollgy, soils, TO LAND TYPES, CHARLEVOIX COUNTY, MICHIGAN. Ivan F. population, land classification.........................................15 Schneider ........................................................................ 10 GEOLOGY AN AREA ANALYSIS OF HUMPHREYS COUNTY, TENNESSEE. H. Thompson Straw ........................................................ 13 BERGQUIST: Fig. 1. Distribution of drumlins in Cheboygan and Presque Isle counties, Michigan.....................................18 GEOLOGY THWAITES: NEW DRUMLIN AREAS IN CHEBOYGAN AND PRESQUE ISLE Fig. 1. Block diagram of Limestone Mountain, Houghton COUNTIES, MICHIGAN. Stanard G. Bergquist ................... 18 County, Michigan ...........................................................22 STRATIGRAPHIC WORK IN NORTHERN MICHIGAN, 1933- Fig. 2. Diagrammatic sections of northern Michigan from 1941. Fredrik T. Thwaites .............................................. 20 Limestone Mountain to Sault Ste Marie .........................24 ANTHROPOLOGY ANTHROPOLOGY THE ARCHAEOLOGY AND GEOLOGY OF TWO EARLY SITES GREENMAN AND STANLEY: NEAR KILLARNEY, ONTARIO. Emerson F. Greenman and Fig. 1. Georgian Bay, Ontario................................................25 George M. Stanley .......................................................... 25 Fig. 2. Two archaeological sites on George Lake, near THE CERAMIC SEQUENCE WITHIN THE GOODALL FOCUS. Killarney, Ontario............................................................26 George I. Quimby, Jr....................................................... 35 QUIMBY: Fig. 1. Distribution of the Goodall focus mounds along the ILLUSTRATIONS major drainage systems of southwestern Michigan and northwestern Indiana......................................................36 Fig. 2. Graph showing the relative increase or decrease or the PLATES stability of pottery types by periods. ...............................36 GEOGRAPHY KISS: ..............................................................................9 Pl. I, Fig. 1. Cartouche and title on John Lipszky’s map of Hungary............................................................................9 Pl. I, Fig. 2. Detail from Lipszky’s map ....................................9 ANTHROPOLOGY GREENMAN AND STANLEY: Pl. I. Artifacts from the George Lake sites near Killarney, Ontario .......................................35 FIGURES IN THE TEXT GEOGRAPHY DODGE: Fig. 1. Isochronic map of the settlement of New England ............................................................................3 HOY: Fig. 2. Physiographic regions of Mexico..................................5 Selections from Papers of the MASAL--Vol. 28 – Page 2 of 37 Maine,3 and that there was delay in the advance of the THE FRONTIER OF NEW ENGLAND frontier into the eastern upland of southern New England IN THE SEVENTEENTH AND from the vicinity of Boston, and into the western upland EIGHTEENTH CENTURIES AND ITS from the Connecticut Valley. SIGNIFICANCE IN AMERICAN The circumstances of this slowing of the advance of the frontier need examination. Three separate nations were HISTORY contending for the fur trade of the Connecticut Valley. STANLEY D. DODGE The Dutch at Hartford were soon ejected by the English, who, however, continued the struggle for the possession N DISCUSSIONS of the development of the frontier of of the beaver areas. The French were the only I settlement in the United States Miss Semple and formidable foe. From their bases on the St. Lawrence others have tacitly assumed that the Appalachian they, with their Indian allies, followed the highways Mountains were a serious barrier to the westward 1 provided by the three principal rivers of New England, movement of the pioneers. The facts upon which this the Connecticut, the Merrimac, and the Kennebec. assumption has been made are that from such centers Along these they attacked the frontier settlements. The of settlement as Philadelphia the pioneers spread to the bloody massacre at Deerfield occurred in 1675, that at base of the first high Appalachian ridges in the course of Hatfield in 1677, and, in general, from 1670 on the fifty years after the first arrival of Europeans, and that frontier was a dangerous place in which to live. Forts then, for from fifty to a hundred years, the outer edge of and blockhouses were of little avail; the English were the area of European settlement lay in the Appalachian driven back from the most exposed points. Mountains. Throughout this period the valleys of the Ohio and its tributaries came more and more under the In Maine the French had established themselves at control of the French operating from their bases at Norridgewock, and for nearly a hundred years they were Montreal and Quebec. successful in protecting