European science review № 7–8 2016 July–August «East West» Association for Advanced Studies and Higher Education GmbH Vienna 2016 European Sciences review Scientific journal № 7–8 2016 (July–August) ISSN 2310-5577 Editor-in-chief Lucas Koenig, Austria, Doctor of Economics International editorial board Abdulkasimov Ali, Uzbekistan, Doctor of Geography Kocherbaeva Aynura Anatolevna, Kyrgyzstan, Doctor of Economics Adieva Aynura Abduzhalalovna, Kyrgyzstan, Doctor of Economics Kushaliyev Kaisar Zhalitovich, Kazakhstan, Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Arabaev Cholponkul Isaevich, Kyrgyzstan, Doctor of Law Lekerova Gulsim, Kazakhstan, Doctor of Psychology Zagir V. Atayev, Russia, Ph.D. of of Geographical Sciences Melnichuk Marina Vladimirovna, Russia, Doctor of Economics Akhmedova Raziyat Abdullayevna, Russia, Doctor of Philology Meymanov Bakyt Kattoevich, Kyrgyzstan, Doctor of Economics Balabiev Kairat Rahimovich, Kazakhstan, Doctor of Law Moldabek Kulakhmet, Kazakhstan, Doctor of Education Barlybaeva Saule Hatiyatovna, Kazakhstan, Doctor of History Morozova Natalay Ivanovna, Russia, Doctor of Economics Bestugin Alexander Roaldovich, Russia, Doctor of Engineering Sciences Moskvin Victor Anatolevich, Russia, Doctor of Psychology Bogolib Tatiana Maksimovna, Ukraine, Doctor of Economics Nagiyev Polad Yusif, Azerbaijan, Ph.D. of Agricultural Sciences Bondarenko Natalia Grigorievna, Russia, Doctor of Philosophy Naletova Natalia Yurevna, Russia, Doctor of Education Bulatbaeva Aygul Abdimazhitovna, Kazakhstan, Doctor of Education Novikov Alexei, Russia, Doctor of Education Chiladze George Bidzinovich, Georgia, Doctor of Economics, Doctor of Law Salaev Sanatbek Komiljanovich, Uzbekistan, Doctor of Economics Dalibor M. 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The effect of fertilizing buckwheat on the growth and fertility of the plant Section 1. Biology Abdurakhimov Mingjigit Kattabekovich, ScD (Doktor of sciences in agriculture) professor, Samarkand State university, Uzbekistan Urokov Sirojiddin Xudayberdiyevich, ScD, assistant professor, Samarkand State University, Uzbekistan E‑mail: [email protected] The effect of fertilizing buckwheat on the growth and fertility of the plant Abstract: Field experiments have been conducted on identifying the need in fertilizers of buckwheat planted on the land previous- ly the same year used for growing wheat. We have found out that the annual norm of fertilizers for the buckwheat is N150P90K60 kg/ha. This norm is economically efficient and provides 20,6–21,7 c/ha harvesting in the hot and dry climate of Uzbekistan. Keywords: fertilizing, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, plant height, elements of harvest, the mass of 1000 seeds, fertility. Actuality: It is well known that the plant of the buckwheat re- needs fertilizing with phosphorus during the dry and wet periods quires fertilizing, and with its crops it takes out of the land its mineral equally, and it increases fertility of the plant [3, 45–47]. elements. In order to grow one ton of buckwheat, the plant intakes Materials and methods. When conducting laboratory, field, 35–40 kg of nitrogen, 15–20 kg of phosphorus, 50–70 kg of po- and production experiments, harvesting and analyzing the follow- tassium. The nitrogen containing fertilizers when used moderately ing methods were used: “Methods of conducting field experiments” provide good growth and development of the plant. As a result, (Tashkent, 2007), “Methods of the State sort experimenting of ag- they increase fertility and quality of the plant. When planted on ricultural plants” (Moscow, 1971). The experimented sort of the wide rows, and 50% of phosphorus fertilizers are added during the buckwheat-Kazan buckwheat was grown in the meadow lands of Sa- first fertilizing with cultivation, the plant grows well and becomes markand region, Republic of Uzbekistan. We conducted a research resistant to diseases and insects. on growing buckwheat at a later time of the year on the land previ- For the first time, in our republic, we are conducting a research ously used for wheat in order to find out the needs of the plant in on growing buckwheat on the land previously used for wheat at a nutrients. We also found out that fertilizing during vegetation and later time of the year. Using irrigated lands effectively, and double before planting buckwheat and fertilizing the plant during its vegeta- harvesting is significant in the conditions of intensive agriculture. tion period prolongs its vegetation period. Because the land that was initially strongly fertilized for the main Results and discussion In the observation period of the crop was very beneficial for the buckwheat grown as the second crop. experiment the vegetative period was 65 days growing and de- Buckwheat takes in much of the nitrogen fertilizers from the soil velopment was provided with the soil fertility and the fertilizers during the period of growth, in the budding period in the body of the added to the soil during the growth of the first planted culture. plant the amount of phosphorus was sufficient, and the plant feels When fertilizing norm was N180 P90 K60 kg/h the vegetation pe- need in potassium fertilizers when budding and blossoming. The writ- riod lasted 80 days (table 1). Especially, adding nitrogen contain- ers think that buckwheat should be fertilized once using nitrogen + ing fertilizers prolonged the periods from blossoming till the phosphorus + potassium at the beginning of budding and blossoming first crop ripening and from the first crop ripening till the full period [1, 23–25; 2, 11–13]. In the black soil of Altay area buckwheat ripening to 6–10 days. Table 1. – The effect of fertilizing on the vegetation period of buckwheat in the pre-harvested fields (2013–2015 years) Experiment from planting from first sprouts from budding from blossoming till from first crop ripen- Vegetation variants till first sprouts till budding till blossoming first crop ripening ing till full ripening period Control area 8 16 9 18 14 65 (non-fertilized) back ground P90K60 8 15 9 19 15 66 N90 P90 K60 8 14 8 21 19 70 N120 P90 K60 7 14 8 23 22 74