Annals of R.S.C.B., ISSN:1583-6258, Vol. 25, Issue 6, 2021, Pages. 14891 - 14913 Received 25 April 2021; Accepted 08 May 2021. Mondrian’s Style and Its Reflection in Interior Graphics Design Layth Adil Abbood [email protected] Prof. Dr. Naim Abbas Hassan University of Baghdad, College of Fine Arts, Iraq [email protected] The style in art and design is formed through those methods used in organizing and distributing shapes and elements in the design space, and from it the designer derives his creative processes in arranging the parts within the visual space field, taking into account some of the steps that belong to a previously known formulation, or are the product of an artistic stage A particular style, and what it represents of individual or collective style according to a school or artistic direction. In addition to what was presented by some artistic trends, such as a graphic art style, that was followed in all design products, including the Piet Mondrian style, this style that still enjoys global popularity in its abstractions, spaces and colors, and it is an expressive representation of the organizational pattern in the interior spaces of buildings on the one hand, and in graphic products on the other. Keywords: style, design, graphics, interior, space, Bauhaus, de Stael, abstraction, art, structure, function, aesthetics. CHAPTER I 1- Research Problem Contemporary graphic design has an important peculiarity that is summarized in its openness to all disciplines, which gives that specialization the possibility of stylistic and formal diversity in the selection and selection of the appropriate method of communicating ideas. Thus, the method is a starting point for distributing shapes and formulating elements within the visible space field. The style represents the path that the designer follows according to an artistic school, or a philosophical or artistic direction, and this is what we see in the style of the international artist (Pet Mondrian). Which left a stylistic pattern in dealing with formality and transforming the real into an abstract, through which the followers of this method are inspired by the way of dealing with that geometric formal structure in the distribution of spaces and the division of formal space in a combination consistent with each other in the functional and aesthetic aspects From here, the two researchers find a solution to their research problem through the following question: What are the characteristics of Mondrian's method of formal transformation and its reflection in the global product? http://annalsofrscb.ro 14891 Annals of R.S.C.B., ISSN:1583-6258, Vol. 25, Issue 6, 2021, Pages. 14891 - 14913 Received 25 April 2021; Accepted 08 May 2021. 2- Research Importance: It lies in the following aspects: Defining and defining the concepts of style in design by the artist (Pet Mondrian) Al-Sand, to enrich the library of specialization in graphic design arts. With the creation of a knowledge base on how to renew the geometric abstract style in introducing design topics and their variations for products globally. And reaching results that benefit specialists in how to define industrial and commercial products and how to shift from fixed structures to structures that carry in their composition the characteristics of change and development to suit the requirements of the current and future era of the Mondrian method. 3- Research Purpose: Discovering the characteristics of the Mondrian style and its reflection in the global commercial product. 4- Research Limits: A- Thematic Limits: It lies in the study of Mondrian's geometric abstraction style and how it was functionally and aesthetically reflected in the interior designs around the world. B- Time: 2020. C- Place: Designs published on the Internet, on (Bauhaus and de Stael) websites. The graphic achievements of the Mondrian abstract style implemented by one of the official international companies on the Internet, and as it owns spaces of design for interior spaces, which is (My Modern Met) company. It is specialized in interior design, graphic design and photography. According to the justifications, the researchers believe that it is important and convenient to the topic and objective of the research as follows: - Accurate representation of the graphic achievements, in which the diversity of expression methods lies. - The peculiarity that distinguishes it in the creative and aesthetic handling of the space of the horizontal and vertical determinants, which possesses organization, arrangement and avoidance of randomness, and which represents the structural pattern of the Mondrian style - It is characterized by an aesthetic expression in it with its functional importance that suits the needs of individuals in society for it, as it represents a visual comfort and links of communication of aesthetic properties. - It has formal and artistic connotations from the global reality in line with the nature of designs that possess various stylistic variables, and take focus on the subject through the international Mondrian style according to a contemporary view. - It was accomplished in advanced and modern technical output formats, which makes it distinctive, attractive, and exciting for the recipient http://annalsofrscb.ro 14892 Annals of R.S.C.B., ISSN:1583-6258, Vol. 25, Issue 6, 2021, Pages. 14891 - 14913 Received 25 April 2021; Accepted 08 May 2021. - It is considered to have an impactful ability for its scopes and spaces that enhance its functional and semantical aspect, as well as, direct and indirect representation of its design ideas in innovative ways. 5- Terminology Style: Literary Definition: (The method of writing, or the method of composition, or the method of choosing and composing words to express meanings in order to clarify and influence). (Ahmed, 1939, P. 39). A type of artistic style, which differs from some other types in that it includes a repetitive set or complex of features in art, which can be repeated and diversified into many different products, (Thomas, 1973, p. 99). It is the end that justifies the means, which is the aesthetic delivery and organization of the individual skill and the definition of the meaning of the aesthetic experience, (Nathan, 1987, p. 101). The way through which the artwork can be accessed through sensory elements, whether visual or auditory, such as color, line, mass, surface, shadow and light (Jerome, 1974, p. 355). Procedural Definition It is the artistic style that includes a different method of expression and implementation from other styles and is characterized with its identity and formal privacy. CHAPTER TWO THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FIRST TOPIC: THE NATURE OF THE STYLE IN THE ABSTRACT SCHOOL Style as a Concept The word “style” in Arabic refers to the extended road, and in various European languages, to the Latin word (stylus), which means the pointed iron rod that the ancients used to write with on tarpaulin boards. When used in a context related to a human behavior, it refers to the specific divisions that characterize this behavior with a character that gives it its own identity. In Lisan al-Arab Dictionary, the line from the palm is said to be a style, and every extended path is a style, and the artistic style is said to have taken so-and-so in methods of saying: i.e., Types of It, (Ibn Manzur, 1955, p. 23). Style is an old term in the language and occupied a wide space in various aspects of life and was widely used in the field of arts. It was mentioned idiomatically in the Introduction of Ibn Khaldun, about the method in which the structures are woven through, or the mold in which they are poured”, (Ibn Khaldun, 1960, p. 107). While the word "Style" was used "to denote the machine by which writing is done, and it became a term meaning, the way of http://annalsofrscb.ro 14893 Annals of R.S.C.B., ISSN:1583-6258, Vol. 25, Issue 6, 2021, Pages. 14891 - 14913 Received 25 April 2021; Accepted 08 May 2021. writing", (British, 2003). The term style has become widely used in various fields of life based on the plurality of its concepts. As Pierre-Noël Giraud explains, “It has a floating concept, it is a simple face of the uttered at times, and it is a conscious art of the writer’s arts at other times. It is an expression of the nature of man, and therefore it always transcends the limits to which it is closed”, (Pierre-Noël Giraud, 1994, p. 47). The term “style” was used to distinguish one method from another, such as the writer’s style, the style of the age, or the style of the artist, and this widening of use made it difficult to define it by definition, as it refers to the nature of man himself as “the style of the saying that results from the writer’s choice of means of expressions, these means are determined by the nature of the person who is speaking, or the writer himself”, (Fadl, 1998, p. 103). It is “the basis of revealing the pattern of thinking of its owner”, (Al-Masdi, 2002, pg. 64), which leads to saying that each style is an “image specific to its owner,” meaning that it is a form that denotes the artist and carries his attributes as an indication of the creator’s artistic works, and these works become an image that indicates Its link to that artist and the artwork becomes “a way of showing his thinking and how he looks at things and interprets them”, (Al-Masadi, 2002, p. 66). Which brings us back to the definition of the French school of style as “the study of the way of expressing thought through language” (Al-Masadi, 2002, p. 67). The expression of thought means precisely the use of vocabulary and grammatical rhetorical structures in a complete comprehensive way in order to achieve distinction and gain creativity, “as style is considered possible in the conscious test of the tools of expression” (Fadl, 1998, p.