The 2003 National Nanofabrication Users Network Research Experience for Undergraduates Program Table of Contents NNUN REU Introduction ............................. 3 NNUN REU Interns ....................................... 4 Blast From the Past ........................................ 5 2003 NNUN REU Program at Howard...... 41 The Effects of Thermal Annealing on InGaAsN and GaAsN .................................... 42 Characterization of Ion-Implanted Nanofiltration Membranes ................................. 44 2003 NNUN REU Program at CNF............ 15 GaAlAs/GaAs Heterojunction Prosthetic Retina ... 46 Laser Lysis of Liposomes in a Microfluidic Device . 16 Catalytic Growth of GaN and other Nitride Nanowires Interdigitated Microelectrode Arrays for for Electronic and Photonic Applications ............. 48 Organic Light Emitting Diodes .......................... 18 Fabrication of Silicon Carbide Optimizing Shallow Trench Isolation for Atomic Force Microscopy Probes ...................... 50 SOI CMOS Transistors....................................... 20 Developing IR (8-14 µm) Detectors Two-D Nanobumps Using Ion Sputtering ............. 22 (External Photoemission) ................................... 52 Microfluidic Device for Pharmaceutical Research ... 24 Fabrication of Biomolecular Sieves with Novel Geometry ......................................... 26 Chemistry-on-a-Chip: Multiphase Microfluidic Devices ....................... 28 Embossing Polymer Waveguides for Integrated Optical Devices ........................... 30 Novel Gate Stack Process for MOS-Based Structures ................................. 32 Ultrasonically Driven Microneedle Arrays ............ 34 Using SuperCritical CO2 as an Environmental Benign Processing Solvent in Nanolithography. 36 2003 NNUN REU Program at PSU ............ 55 A Novel Method of Creating Nanoscale Electrical Characteristics of Organic Molecules Interconnects by Radioactive Decay .................. 38 on GaAs for Micro-Computing Purposes........... 56 Fabrication and Measurement of Semiconductor Nanowire Devices ..................... 58 2003 NNUN REU Program page 1 2003 NNUN REU Program at PSU, continued Nanoparticle Based Detection of Biological Systems ............................................. 60 Combining Conventional Nanolithography with Self- and Directed- Assembly to Create Ultrahigh Resolution Structures with Precision ................. 62 Cell Adhesion for Applications in Intracellular Communication Research .............. 64 2003 NNUN REU Program at UCSB ......... 97 Sol/Gel Derived Functionalizaed Coatings High Throughput Screening of Transdermal for DNA Immobilization .................................... 66 Chemical Penetration Enhancers ........................ 98 Nano-Scale Gas/Vapor Sensor ............................... 68 Investigation of Heating’s Effect on the Performance Deposition of Molecular Rulers of Ultra-Violet Light-Emitting Diodes ............. 100 on a Patterned Sacrificial Layer ......................... 70 Organic Light Emitting Devices by Molecular Beam Epitaxy ............................. 102 Terahertz Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy ........ 104 Microwave Assisted Synthesis of Magnetic Oxide Nanoparticles .................... 106 Atomic Force Microscope Lithography ............... 108 Characterization of the Mechanical Properties of Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) Oscillators ......................................... 110 Growth of ZnO Nanowires and Their Application 2003 NNUN REU Program at SNF ............ 73 in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells ........................... 112 Pyrosequencing in a Microchannel ........................ 74 Organometallic-Based Photovoltaic Cells ........... 114 Polymer-Bound Electrophoresis Chips .................. 76 Amphiphile Aspect Ratio and Membrane SuperGhost: A Novel Software-Based Bending Rigidity in a Solvent-Free Optical Proximity Correction Algorithm............ 78 Cell Membrane Model ..................................... 116 Study of the Effect of Domains on Thin Stripes of Magnetic Material ................ 80 2003 NNUN REU Fun Photos ................... 118 In Situ Optical Monitoring of Selective Wet Oxidation of AlGaAs Alloys ....................... 82 Index ........................................................... 120 Carbon Nanotube Transistor Optimization ............ 84 Optimization of Carbon Nanotube Based Sensors for Biosensing Applications .................. 86 Substrate Temperature Measurement during Molecular Beam Epitaxy Growth of GaInNAsSb Quantum Wells............................... 88 Adhesion of Lithographically Patterned Thin Film Structures........................... 90 Ferroelectric Thin Films for Nonvolatile Memory Applications ..................... 92 Optimizing Pt Surfaces for Spin Magnetic Injection 94 The proceeding photographs were taken by Ms. Melanie-Claire Mallison during the August 2003 NNUN REU Convocation at the University of California, Santa Barbara. In order, the photos are of: Rachel Gabor, Harvey Mudd College, CNF intern Aminata Kone, Clemson University, MSRCE intern Daniel Gift, PSU, PSU intern Grace Lee, UCSB, SNF intern Rey Honrada, Allan Hancock College, UCSB intern 2003 NNUN REU Program page 2 The 2003 National Nanofabrication Users Network Research Experience for Undergraduates Program Introduction The 2003 NNUN REU Interns at the August network-wide convocation, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA Welcome to the 2003 Research Accomplishments for individual sites and at one network-wide convocation, this the National Nanofabrication Users Network Research year held at the University of California, Santa Barbara. Experience for Undergraduate Program. The focus on advanced research and knowledge, the Providing a focused experimental research experience strong mentoring and support, the strong exposure to a in nanotechnology and its basic subjects in a 10 week period professional research environment, the strong expectations is a challenging task; this report demonstrates that with effort built into the research and presentations at convocations, from staff, faculty, graduate students, and the participating the exposure to a wider variety of research conducted by students, not only can it be successfully achieved, but also peers and other users in diverse disciplines of science and it can lead to significant accomplishments by students who engineering within the unifying facilities, and the strong have just started on the path of technical education. scientific and social interactions across the network have The NNUN partnership, through our complementary been critical to the program’s success. This year’s strengths, cross-fertilization, multi-site education, and use participants also saw increased cross-site interactions of each other’s resources, provides exciting projects and the through video-conferences and presentations, and hands-on means to achieve them in a reasonable time. Each student experimentation. in the NNUN REU: completes an independent research I wish the participants the best wishes for future technical project selected for completion in 10 weeks, with strong careers; NNUN hopes to see them build on this summer’s technical support and faculty supervision; undergoes strong experience. And my thanks to the staff, graduate student hands-on training and education (also available as streaming mentors, and faculty for their participation and involvement. video at http://www.cnf.cornell.edu/nanocourses/nanocourse.html); and present their research efforts during convocations at Sandip Tiwari, Director, NNUN 2003 NNUN REU Program page 3 The 2003 NNUN REU Interns Intern ................................. Field of Study & Institution ........................................NNUN Site..........Page # Ms. Olabunmi Agboola ........... Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at U-C ....CNF ................. page 16 Ms. Mariam Aghajan .............. Molecular & Cell Biology, UC Berkeley .................................. SNF ................. page 74 Mr. James Boedicker ............... Chemical Engr., Massachusetts Institute of Technology ........ MSRCE .............. page 42 Mr. Edgar Allen Cabrera ......... Biological Engineering, Cornell University ........................... MSRCE .............. page 44 Mr. Michael Campolongo ....... Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rowan University ...........CNF ................. page 18 Ms. Stephanie Cheng .............. Biology, Cornell University.................................................... MSRCE .............. page 46 Ms. Tiffany Coleman .............. Biology and Chemistry, Univ. of Missouri at Kansas City ..... UCSB ............... page 98 Mr. Tristan Cossio ................... Electrical Engineering, University of Florida ......................... UCSB ............. page 100 Mr. Keith Craig ....................... Bioengineering & Business, University of Washington ............ SNF ................. page 76 Mr. Siavash Dejgosha ............. Applied & Engineering Physics, Cornell University ................ SNF ................. page 78 Mr. Ashley Evans .................... Electrical Engineering, CSU Fresno.......................................... SNF ................. page 80 Mr. Ardavan Farjadpour .......... Nanoengineering, University of Toronto ...................................CNF ................. page 20 Mr. Nicholas Fichtenbaum ...... Electrical Engineering, Washington University ........................ SNF ................. page 82 Mr. Sterling Fillmore .............