* ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION OF PHYTOTELM- JREEDING ANURANS Richard M. Lehtinen Editor MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS I--- - MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, NO. 193 Ann Ahr, November, 2004 PUBLICATIONS OF THE MUSEUM OF ZQOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN NO. 192 J. B. BURCII,Editot* Ku1.1: SI.EFANOAND JANICEPAPPAS, Assistant Editoras The publications of the Museum of Zoology, The University of Michigan, consist primarily of two series-the Miscellaneous P~rhlicationsand the Occasional Papers. Both serics were founded by Dr. Bryant Walker, Mr. Bradshaw H. Swales, and Dr. W. W. Newcomb. Occasionally the Museum publishes contributions outside of thesc series; beginning in 1990 these are titled Special Publications and are numbered. All s~tbmitledmanuscripts to any of the Museum's publications receive external review. The Occasiontrl Papers, begun in 1913, sellie as a mcdium for original studies based prii~cipallyupon the collections in the Museum. They are issued separately. When a sufficient number of pages has been printed to make a volume, a title page, table of contents, and an index are supplied to libraries and individuals on the mailing list for the series. The Mi.scelluneous Puhlicutions, initiated in 1916, include monographic studies, papers on field and museum techniques, and other contributions not within the scope of the Occasional Papers, and are publislled separately. It is not intended that they bc grouped into volumes. Each number has a title page and, when necessary, a table of contents. A complete list of publications on Mammals, Birds, Reptiles and Amphibians, Fishes, Insects, Mollusks, and other topics is avail- able. Address inquiries to Publications, Museum of Zoology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48 109-1079. RECENT MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS Bailey, R.M., W.C. Latta, & G.R. Smith. 2004. An atlas of Michigan fishes with keys and illustrations for their idcntification. Mix,. Publ. Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan, No. 192, pp. i-iv, 1-2 15,219 figs., 4 tables. Storer, R.W. 2002. The metazoan parasite fauna of loons (Aves: Gaviiformes), its relationship to the birds' evolutionary history and biology, and a comparison with the parasite fauna of grebes. Misc. Puhl. Mzrs. Zool., Univ. Michigan, No. 19 1, pp. i-iv, 1-44, 3 figs., 7 tables. Albert, J.S. 2001. Species diversity and phylogenetic systematics ofAmerican knifefishes (Gymnotifomes, Teleostei). Misc. Puhl. Mzrs. Zool., Univ. Michigan, No. 190, pp, i-vi, 1-127, 50 figs. Nussbaun~,R.A. & C.J. Raxwosthy. 2000. Systematic revision of the genus Par-oedura Giinther (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae), with the description of five new species. Mist. Ptrbl. MUS.Zool., Univ. Michigan, No. 189, pp. i-iv, 1-26, 12 figs., 7 tables. Stores, R.W. 2000. The metazoan parasite fauna of grebes (Aves: Podicipedifonnes) and its relationship to the birds' biology. Misc. PuOl. Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan, No. 188, pp, i-iv, 1-90, 9 figs., 7 tables. Nussbaum, R.A. & M.E. Pfrender. 1998. Revision of the African caecilian genus Schisrornetopun7 Parkcr (Amphibia: Gymnophi- ona: Caeciliidac). Mix. Publ. Mus. Zool., Univ Michigan, No. 167, pp. i-iv, 1-32, 15 figs., 15 tables, 4 color plates. RECENT OCCASIONAL PAPERS Garrison, R.W., N. von Ellenriedcr & M.F. O'Bricn. 2003. An annotated list of the name-bearing types of species-group names in Odonata preservcd in thc University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. Occ. Pap. Mu.c. Zool., Univ. Michigun, No. 736, 73 pp. Ng, H.H. & J.S. Sparks. 2003. The ariid catfishes (Telcostei: Siluriformes: Ariidac) of Madagascar, with the description of two new species. Occ. Pap. Mzis. Zool., Univ. Michigan, No. 735, 21 pp., 11 figs., 1 table. Ng, H.H. 2003. At-ius verrucosus, a ncw species of frcshwater ariid catfish (Teleostci: Ariidae) from thc Mekong River. Occ. Pap. Mtn. Zool., Univ. Michigun, No. 734, 14 pp., 6 figs., 1 table. Norris, S.M. 200 1. Osleology of the southwestern darters, Etheostoma (Oli~ocephalus)(Teleostci, Percidae)-with colnparison to other Nosth American percid fishes. Occ.. Pup. Mtis. Zoo/., Univ. Michigun, NO. 733,44 pp., 18 figs. Ng, H.H. & W.J. Rainboth. 2001. A review of thc sisorid catfish genus Oreoglanis (Silur-iforn~cs: Sisoridac) with descriptions of four new species. Occ. Pup. Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan, No. 732, 34 pp., 13 figs., 3 tables. Collette, B.B. 2001. Opsunzrs dichro.stomzrs, a new toadfish (Teleostei: Batrachoididac) from the western Caribbean Sea and southern Gulf of Mexico. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan, No. 731, 16 pp., 5 figs. Fink, W.L. & A. Machado-Allison. 2001. Serra.strlrnus hastatus, a new species of piranha from Brazil, with colnlnents on Ser- ~~a.snlrnusa/tzivei and Sert-usaln~usconzpt-essus (Teleostci: Characiformes). Occ. Pap. A41i.c. Zool., Univ Michigan, No. 730, 1 8 pp., 16 figs. THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY David A. Brandon, Allti Arbor Rcbecca McGowan, Ann Arbor S. Martin Taylor, Crossc Pointe Fal-ms Laurcncc B. Dcitch, Bloolnfield Mills Andrca Fischer Ncwman, Ann Arbor Katherine E. White, Ann Arbor Olivia P. Maynard, Goodrich Andrew C. Richncr Mary Sue Coleman, e.~~Jficio Cover illustration by John Megahan MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, NO. 193 Ecology and Evolution of Phytotelm-Breeding Anurans Richard M. Lehtinen, Editor Herpetology Division Museum of Zoology The University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1079, USA Department of Biology The College of Wooster Wooster, Ohio 44691, USA Ann Arbor, November, 2004 1 PAGES Richard M. Lehtinen, Michael J. Lannoo, & Richard J. Wassersug Phytotelin-breeding anurans: past, present, and future research ................................................ 1 Janalee P. Caldwell & Maria Carmozina de AraGjo Historical and ecological factors influence survivorship in two clades of phytotelm-breeding frogs (Anura: Bufonidae, Dendrobatidae) .................................. 11 Heather Heying Reproductive limitation by oviposition site in a treehole breeding Madagascan poison frog (Mantella laevigata) ......................................................................... 23 Mark-Oliver Rodel, Volker H.W. Rudolf, Sabine Frohschammer, & K. Eduard Linsenmair Life history of a west African tree-hole breeding frog, Phiynobatrachus gzrineensis, GuibC & Lamotte, 1961 (Amphibia: Anura: Petropedetidae). .............................3 1 Richard M. Lehtinen, Christina M. Richards, & Ronald A. Nussbaum Origin of a complex reproductive trait: phytotelm breeding in inantelline frogs .......................45 Kyle Summers & C. Sea McKeon The evolutionary ecology of phytotelmata use in neotropical poison frogs.............................. 55 Mi.7~.Pzrbl. Mtis. Zool., Univ. Mich., 2004, 193: 1-9 PHYTOTELM-BREEDING ANURANS: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE RESEARCH Richard M. Lehtinenl*,Michael J. Lannoo2 and Richard J. Wassersug3 ' University ofMichigan Museum ofZoology, Division ofReptiles andAmphibians, 1109 Geddes Avenue, Ann Arbol; Michigan 48109-1079, U.S.A. * lridiana University School of Medicine, Mzmcie Center for Medical Education, MT 201, Muncie, Indiana 47306 USA ' Department ofAnaton~yarid Neurobiology, Sir Charles flipper Medical Building, 5850 College Street, Dalhousie University, Halifau, Nova Scotia B3H 1x5 Canada INTRODUCTION the tadpoles of these frogs. In the intervening years, much new As they hatch, they wriggle violently on the moist andpolished data have been published and on July 5Ih 2002, a symposium surface of the banana stem and go sliding down it until they entitled "Ecology and Evolution of Phytotelmic Anurans" was reach the water retained between stem and lea$ Doubtless held at the 50th annual meeting of the Herpetologist's League their progress is often assisted by the frequent showers of in Kansas City, Missouri. This symposium gathered twelve rain. They undergo their metamorphoses in the seclusion of speakers to discuss their research on phytotelm-breeding this private swimming pool, nourished by the remains of many frogs, and is represented here by the papers of Caldwell and small insects that are drowned in thefluid. de Araujo, Heying, Lehtinen et al., Rode1 et al. and Summers Barbour & Loveridge (1928, p. 257) and McKeon. As a prelude to these papers, we herein review past research, discuss current work and suggest future areas This description of the life history of the east African for research on these fascinating frogs. microhylid Hoplophryne uluguruensis was one of the first detailed accounts of a phytotelm-breeding frog. Long thought PAST RESEARCH to be a mere oddity or aberration, egg deposition and tadpole Anumber ofearly papers briefly mentionphytotelm-breeding development in water-holding plants is now known to be a anurans, usually in the context of other topics. Noble (1927, somewhat common reproductive mode (found in at least 102 1929) was among the first to provide a detailed description species; Table 1). A phytotelm (from Greek - phytos = plant; and discussion of phytotelm-breeding frogs. Other important telm = pond; plural phytotelmata) is defined as a water body papers appeared periodically such as Dunn (1937), Taylor contained within some part of a plant. Examples include water- (1954), Scheel(1970) and Wassersug et al. (1981). Lannoo et filled tree holes, bamboo shunps, bromeliad tanks, nut husks, al. (1987) published the first summary of this information. In leaf axils, tree buttresses and other such habitats. These micro- their paper, the authors sought to do two things: 1) explain the aquatic environments range from being relatively sizeable unusual morphology