A Gastrostimulant *Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. Plant # Chemicals Total PPM Achillea millefolium Yarrow; Milfoil 1 Aframomum melegueta Malagettapfeffer (Ger.); Malagueta (Sp.); Grains-of-Paradise; Alligator Pepper; Guinea Grains; Melegueta 3 Pepper Agastache rugosa 1 Allium sativum var. sativum Garlic 1 Alpinia galanga Languas; Greater Galangal; Siamese Ginger 1 Anethum graveolens Dill; Garden Dill 1 Arctium lappa Great Burdock; Gobo; Burdock 1 1000000.0 Arnica montana Leopard's-Bane; Mountain Tobacco 1 240000.0 Artemisia vulgaris Mugwort 1 200000.0 Artemisia dracunculus Tarragon 1 Asparagus officinalis Asparagus 1 Brassica oleracea var. capitata l. Cabbage; Red Cabbage; White Cabbage 1 Calendula officinalis Calendula; Pot-Marigold 1 Calotropis sp. Giant Milkweed 1 Canarium indicum Java-Olive; Manila Elemi 1 170000.0 Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd's Purse 1 Centaurea calcitrapa Star-Thistle 1 Centaurium erythraea Centaury 1 Chelidonium majus Celandine 1 Cichorium intybus Succory; Chicory; Witloof 1 1430000.0 Cichorium endivia Escarole; Endive 1 Citrullus colocynthis Colocynth 1 Coleus forskohlii Forskohl's Coleus 1 9260.0 Coleus barbatus Forskohl's Coleus 1 9260.0 Cucumis melo Persian Melon; Muskmelon; Nutmeg Melon; Melon; Netted Melon; Cantaloupe 1 Cynara cardunculus Artichoke 1 Echinacea spp Echinacea; Coneflower 1 400000.0 Echinacea purpurea Eastern Purple-Coneflower; Purple-Coneflower; Echinacea 1 Echinacea angustifolia Narrow Leaf Echinacea; Echinacea; Narrow Leaf Purple-Coneflower 1 Eupatorium perfoliatum Boneset 1 Foeniculum vulgare Fennel 1 Gentiana scabra Japanese Gentian 1 Gentiana lutea Yellow Gentian; Gentian 2 Glycyrrhiza glabra Commom Licorice; Smooth Licorice; Licorice-Root; Licorice 1 2.0 Helianthus tuberosus Jerusalem Artichoke 1 Helianthus annuus Girasol; Sunflower 1 Illicium verum Star Anise; anis de China (Sp.); Chinesischer Sternanis (Ger.); Sternanis (Ger.); Chinese Star Anise; anis estrellado 1 (Sp.) Inula helenium Elecampane 1 890000.0 Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases Downloaded Wed Sep 29 17:58:35 EDT 2021 National Agricultural Library Plant # Chemicals Total PPM Jatropha gossypifolia Spanish Physic Nut 1 Lactuca scariola Prickly Lettuce 1 Laurus nobilis Sweet Bay; Bayleaf; Bay; Laurel; Bay Laurel; Grecian Laurel 1 Mentha x piperita Peppermint 1 0.02 Menyanthes trifoliata Bog Myrtle; Bogbean; Marsh Clover; Buckbean; Water Trefoil; Marsh Trefoil 1 Momordica charantia Bitter Melon; Sorosi 1 Murraya sp None 1 Musa x paradisiaca Banana; Plantain 1 Myrrhis odorata Sweet Cicely; Cicely; Garden Myrrh; Myrrh; Sweet Chervil 1 Ocimum basilicum Cuban Basil; Basil; Sweet Basil 1 Ononis spinosa Spiny Restharrow; Hauhechel (Ger.); Restharrow 1 Opuntia ficus-indica Prickly Pear; Indian Fig; Nopal; Nopalito 1 14210.0 Parthenium integrifolium American Feverfew; Feverfew; Missouri Snakeroot; Prairie-Dock; Wild Quinine 1 Persea americana Avocado 1 Petasites japonicus Butterbur 1 Petasites hybridus European Butterbur 1 Peumus boldus Boldo 1 1600.0 Pilocarpus racemosus Guadalupe Jaborandi 1 8000.0 Pilocarpus pennatifolius Paraguay Jaborandi 1 8000.0 Pilocarpus microphyllus Maranhao Jaborandi 1 20000.0 Pilocarpus jaborandi Pernambuco Jaborandi; Indian Hemp 1 20000.0 Pimpinella anisum Sweet Cumin; Anise 1 Pisum sativum Pea 1 Platycodon grandiflorum Balloon Flower; Jie-Geng; Chieh-Keng 1 Plectranthus barbatus Forskohl's Coleus; False Boldo; Indian Coleus 1 Punica granatum Grenadier (Fr.); Granatapfelbaum (Ger.); Romanzeiro (Port.); Pomegranate; Granatapfelstrauch (Ger.); Zakuro 1 20000.0 (Jap.); Granado (Sp.); Mangrano (Sp.) Rheum palmatum Chinese Rhubarb 1 Sarracenia sp. Pitcher-Plant 1 Sassafras albidum Sassafras 2 Saussurea lappa Kuth; Costus 1 360000.0 Senna obtusifolia Sicklepod 1 7180.0 Sideritis scardica Balkan Sideritis 1 Silybum marianum Lady's Thistle; Milk Thistle 1 Solidago virgaurea European Goldenrod; Woundwort 1 Spinacia oleracea Spinach 1 Stevia rebaudiana Sweet Leaf of Paraguay; Stevia; Ca-A-E 1 Tagetes lucida Sweet-Scent Marigold; Anise Marigold; Sweet-Mace; Sweet-Scent Mexican Marigold 1 Taraxacum officinale Dandelion 1 700000.0 Taraxacum mongolicum Mongoloid Dandelion 1 Teucrium micropodioides Small 'Cyprus' Germander 1 Teucrium kotschyanum Stavros Kotschy's Germander 1 Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases Downloaded Wed Sep 29 17:58:35 EDT 2021 National Agricultural Library Plant # Chemicals Total PPM Teucrium divaricatum Hoary Divaricate Germander 1 Teucrium cyprium 'Cyprus' Germander 1 Tragopogon porrifolius Salsify 1 Tussilago farfara Coltsfoot 1 Urtica dioica European Nettle; Stinging Nettle 1 Viscum album European Mistletoe 1 Zingiber officinale Ginger 4 370.0 Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases Downloaded Wed Sep 29 17:58:35 EDT 2021 National Agricultural Library.