OnShape: Nut and Bolt Tutorial By: Matthew Jourden Brighton High School Brighton, MI Objective: Design a Commercially Off Shelf (COTs) Nut and Bolt with a detailed thread. COTs Parts are considered to be standardized parts. Parts like nuts, bolts, screws, washers, cotter pins, woodruff keys, etc. are standardized based on one measurement. An engineering can gather the necessary resources from a variety of manuals like Machinery Handbook, ANSI or ISO manuals or Appendix on a Engineering Textbook (see below). The various measurements of fasteners will typically be a factor of the Major Diameter of the Thread. Utilizing reference charts (see below) will save the engineer time in having to calculate out the various measurements of a fastener. Thread Representation Parts to a Thread Thread Dimension Charts: Nut and Bolt Sizes Major Diameter 1. Navigate to brightonk12.onshape.com > Create a New Document > Rename Tutorial Nut and Bolt 2. Bolt Creation: ½-13UNC-2B a. Rename Part Studio 1 > Bolt: Detailed b. Bolt Body i. Select Sketch > Rename Sketch to Bolt Body > Select Top Workplane (Datum) > Draw the following circle > Green Check > Select Extrude Icon > Rename Bolt Length > Extrude Length 2 > Green Check to Accept c. Chamfer: Chamfers are used at the end of a fastener or top of a bolt ahead to make it easier for alignment into the mating feature (i.e. the bolt shaft into the threaded hole or align the sockets wrench) i. Select Chamfer Tool > Select the edge of the lower circle (bottom edge of part) > Set Value at .0625 > Green Check to Accept d. Bolt Hexagonal Head To create the bolt head designer will need to first draw a construction circle that will represent the distance between the corners of a hexagon the then circumscribe a hexagon on the inside of the circle. Using Constraints the user will then make the hexagon equal length. In the end the designer needs to only set 1 dimension (Circle Measured Across the Corners). i. Select Sketch > Rename Sketch to Bolt Head > Select the Top Flat edge of the Bolt Length Extrude Select Top Surface ii. Draw the following Construction Circle (NOTE: Dimension based on Variable G Width Across the Corners) and Construction Lines NOTE: There is a Max and Min; this is because the mating feature (socket wrench) has a variance the size of the bolt head and socket opening can be and the two will still mate. In the end it does not matter which value we choose as long as it is between these two values. In this tutorial we will use Dimension Diameter = .866 Construction Lines will be used to help scribe the hexagon and later create the chamfer on top of the bolt head. iii. Draw the Following Hexagon. Be sure 1. to make two of the points meet at the intersection of the construction circle and construction lines. 2. Top and Bottom edge are horizontal 3. All Points touch the Construction Circle iv. Select Equal Length Constraint Icon > Select Edges to make them Equal Length. NOTE: Designer should only have to make 3 of 6 lines equal length to make all 6 equal length due to the design of the hexagon being anchored to the construction circle NOTE: Hexagonal lines should turn black when lines are fully constrained v. Green Check to Accept Sketch vi. Select Extrude Icon > Rename Extrude to Bolt Head > Set Extrude Distance to Variable H (11/32) based on the Chart above vii. Green Check to Accept Extrude viii. Bolt Head Chamfer In this scenario the chamfer icon cannot be used because the chamfer will not be formed correctly. We will need to revolve cut the chamfer in order to cut all edges correctly. 1. Select Sketch Icon > Rename Sketch to Bolt Head Chamfer > Select the Workplane that passes through the two corners of our bolt head that were sketched intersecting the Construction Circle and the Construction Lines (For tutorial demo that would be the Front workplane (Turn on the workplanes to see which plane passes through the corners). This is important to have these two points pass through a workplane in order to get the chamfer to form correctly. Plane Passes through the corners of hexagon 2. Draw the following profile and construction line > Green Check to Accept Sketch Construction Line located at the center of the bolt 3. Select Revolve Icon > Rename Extrude to Bolt Head Chamfer > Select Remove Tab > Profile/Faces: Select Bolt Head Chamfer Sketch > Axis Line: Select Construction Line > Select Merge with All > Green Check to Accept Axis Line e. Detailed Threads i. Select Helix Icon (Either located on the Tool Bar or in the drop down menu below the Plane Icon) > Rename Helix to Detailed Thread > Switch Setup from Turns to Height and Pitch > Select the Top Circle of the Chamfer (.50) > Set Height at 1.5 > Set Helical Pitch little larger than the actual pitch (pitch is the distance between peaks on the thread) a of the thread (Actual Pitch 1/13 (13 threads per inch) set to .085 > Green Check to Accpet Change to Height and Pitch Select Top Edge of Chamfer. This will make it so the helix wraps around the outside edge of the cylinder (Major Diameter) ii. Select Sketch Tool > Rename Sketch to Thread Profile > Select the Workplane that was used to create the chamfer on the bolt head (should be Front or Right; for this tutorial the right plane was selected) > Draw the following profile > Green Check to Accept NOTE: The triangle is 1. Set outside of the part and material side (For this tutorial Quadrant 4 of a grid) 2. Equilateral 3. 1 Dimension is set to the actual Pitch of the thread 1/13 (13 threads per inch) NOTE: May use the Use, Construction Tool to help located the triangle Use Tool and Construction Tool to find edges not on the same plane as sketch > Line Tool and Construction tool to find corner point of part iii. Select Sweep Tool > Rename Sweep to Detailed Threads > Select Remove Tab > Faces/Sketch: Select Triangle Sketch or Thread Profile from Model Tree > Sweep Path: Select Helix Line on the Solid Model > Check Merge with All Select Helix on the part NOT from the Model Tree NOTE: The Detailed Thread Helix is still visible. To Hide Select Eyeball next to Curves from the Model Tree (Located at the bottom of the model Tree) this will hide the Helix Sketch 3. Nut Creation: ½-13UNC-2B a. Create new Part Studio Tab in the Tutorial Nut and Bolt Document > Rename Tab Nut Creation b. Nut Body i. Select Sketch Tool > Rename Sketch Nut Profile > Select Top Workplane > Draw a Construction Circle equal to Variable G Width Across the Corners (.866) and Construction Lines that provide 2 of the 6 corner points to help with revolving the chamfer ii. Scribe a Hexagon on the interior of the circle with 1. to make two of the points meet at the intersection of the construction circle and construction lines. 2. Top and Bottom edge are horizontal 3. All Points touch the Construction Circle 4. All lines are equal (Use the Equal Constraint to set lines equal to each other) And Draw a circle in the center that represents the major diameter of the threaded hole 5. Green Check to Accept Sketch iii. Select Extrude Tool > Rename Extrude to Nut Body > Extrude Distance from the Chart use Variable H Thickness of Hex Nuts: 7/16 > Select from the work area the area between the hexagon and the inner hole; this will create a hole in the center of the hex nut > Green Check to Accept Select Area between hexagon and inner circle iv. Hex Chamfer 1. Select Sketch Icon > Rename Sketch Hex Chamfer > Select Workplane that pass through the two points of the hexagon > Sketch the following sketch > Green Check to Accept 2. Select Revolve Tool > Rename Revolve to Hex Chamfer > Select Remove Tab > Faces/Sketch: Select Triangle > Axis Line: Select Construction Line > Check Merge with All > Green Check to Accept c. Thread Body i. Turn on Sketch Nut Profile by placing cursor on the model tree name > Select the Eyeball next to the name unhide ii. Select Extrude Tool > Rename Thread Surface > Select New Tab > Select Circle Edge of the Hole from the bottom (opposite of the chamfer end) > Extrude Distance (Distance needs to be a minimum 1 thread length longer than the nut in order to have the threads exit the hole in the thread correctly) Set at 1” > Green Check to Accept > Hide Sketch Nut Profile by clicking on the eyeball next to the sketch in the model tree NOTE: There should be two parts listed in the model Tree. Change the Names to the following iii. Hide Hex Nut (Part 1) from the model tree iv. Select Helix Tool > Rename Helix to Thread Helix > Change type to Pitch (this will create the helix along the entire cylinder) > Select Cylindrical Face of Thread Surface (Part 2) > Pitch .085 (Same as bolt; so when assembled user can match the threads up) > Green Check to Accept v. UnHide Part Hex Nut (Part 1) and Change View Display to Hidden Edges Visible vi. Select Sketch Tool > Rename Sketch to Thread Profile > Select same workplane as the Revolved Chamfer that goes through 2 of 6 points > Draw the Following (To gain references use the Use Tool) > Green Check to Accept Sketch vii. NOTE: The triangle is 1. Set Inside of the part and material side of Thread Surface (Part 2) (For this tutorial Quadrant 4 of a grid) 2. Equilateral 3. 1 Dimension is set to the actual Pitch of the thread 1/13 (13 threads per inch) Use Tool and Construction Tool > Select Circle to Show Location of edge of circle Pitch of Thread viii.