Introduction Life and Handedness Enantioselective Surfaces Theoretical point of view: selection of chiral molecules Chiral systems Enantiomers and Enantioselective Surfaces Leonardo Andrés Espinosa Leal1;2 1Nano-bio Spectroscopy Group. European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility (ETSF) nanoquanta. Network of Excellence. 2Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad del País Vasco, Centro Mixto UPV-CSIC. January of 2008 Leonardo A. Espinosa L. Quiral systems Introduction What is Chirality? Life and Handedness A Chirality Timeline Enantioselective Surfaces classification of chirality Theoretical point of view: selection of chiral molecules Enantiomers Outline 1 Introduction What is Chirality? A Chirality Timeline classification of chirality Enantiomers 2 Life and Handedness Homochirality and life Some possibles answers 3 Enantioselective Surfaces Chiral surfaces 4 Theoretical point of view: selection of chiral molecules Selection methods Leonardo A. Espinosa L. Quiral systems Introduction What is Chirality? Life and Handedness A Chirality Timeline Enantioselective Surfaces classification of chirality Theoretical point of view: selection of chiral molecules Enantiomers What is Chirality? Life in the another side of the mirror “Imagine. a musty storeroom crammed full of mannequin parts, left and right arms in rigidified plastic disarray And you, in the dark, have to sort them out. It’s a left-over Fellini set It’s soon done, but why is there one more right hand than left?” Catalista, Selected Poems, 2002. Roald Hoffmann (Nobel prize in Chemistry,1981). Definition: From Greek kheir:hand “I call any geometrical figure or group of points, chiral, and say that its chirality, if its image in a plane mirror, ideally realized, cannot be brought to coincide with itself”a. a W. Thomson Kelvin, Baltimore Lectures on Molecular Dynamics and the wave theory of light, C.J. Clay, London, 1904. Leonardo A. Espinosa L. Quiral systems Introduction What is Chirality? Life and Handedness A Chirality Timeline Enantioselective Surfaces classification of chirality Theoretical point of view: selection of chiral molecules Enantiomers What is Chirality? Life in the another side of the mirror “Imagine. a musty storeroom crammed full of mannequin parts, left and right arms in rigidified plastic disarray And you, in the dark, have to sort them out. It’s a left-over Fellini set It’s soon done, but why is there one more right hand than left?” Catalista, Selected Poems, 2002. Roald Hoffmann (Nobel prize in Chemistry,1981). Definition: From Greek kheir:hand “I call any geometrical figure or group of points, chiral, and say that its chirality, if its image in a plane mirror, ideally realized, cannot be brought to coincide with itself”a. a W. Thomson Kelvin, Baltimore Lectures on Molecular Dynamics and the wave theory of light, C.J. Clay, London, 1904. Leonardo A. Espinosa L. Quiral systems Introduction What is Chirality? Life and Handedness A Chirality Timeline Enantioselective Surfaces classification of chirality Theoretical point of view: selection of chiral molecules Enantiomers What is Chirality? Life in the another side of the mirror “Imagine. a musty storeroom crammed full of mannequin parts, left and right arms in rigidified plastic disarray And you, in the dark, have to sort them out. It’s a left-over Fellini set It’s soon done, but why is there one more right hand than left?” Catalista, Selected Poems, 2002. Roald Hoffmann (Nobel prize in Chemistry,1981). Definition: From Greek kheir:hand “I call any geometrical figure or group of points, chiral, and say that its chirality, if its image in a plane mirror, ideally realized, cannot be brought to coincide with itself”a. a W. Thomson Kelvin, Baltimore Lectures on Molecular Dynamics and the wave theory of light, C.J. Clay, London, 1904. Leonardo A. Espinosa L. Quiral systems Introduction What is Chirality? Life and Handedness A Chirality Timeline Enantioselective Surfaces classification of chirality Theoretical point of view: selection of chiral molecules Enantiomers What is Chirality? Life in the another side of the mirror “Imagine. a musty storeroom crammed full of mannequin parts, left and right arms in rigidified plastic disarray And you, in the dark, have to sort them out. It’s a left-over Fellini set It’s soon done, but why is there one more right hand than left?” Catalista, Selected Poems, 2002. Roald Hoffmann (Nobel prize in Chemistry,1981). Definition: From Greek kheir:hand “I call any geometrical figure or group of points, chiral, and say that its chirality, if its image in a plane mirror, ideally realized, cannot be brought to coincide with itself”a. a W. Thomson Kelvin, Baltimore Lectures on Molecular Dynamics and the wave theory of light, C.J. Clay, London, 1904. Leonardo A. Espinosa L. Quiral systems Introduction What is Chirality? Life and Handedness A Chirality Timeline Enantioselective Surfaces classification of chirality Theoretical point of view: selection of chiral molecules Enantiomers What is Chirality? Life in the another side of the mirror “Imagine. a musty storeroom crammed full of mannequin parts, left and right arms in rigidified plastic disarray And you, in the dark, have to sort them out. It’s a left-over Fellini set It’s soon done, but why is there one more right hand than left?” Catalista, Selected Poems, 2002. Roald Hoffmann (Nobel prize in Chemistry,1981). Definition: From Greek kheir:hand “I call any geometrical figure or group of points, chiral, and say that its chirality, if its image in a plane mirror, ideally realized, cannot be brought to coincide with itself”a. a W. Thomson Kelvin, Baltimore Lectures on Molecular Dynamics and the wave theory of light, C.J. Clay, London, 1904. Leonardo A. Espinosa L. Quiral systems Introduction What is Chirality? Life and Handedness A Chirality Timeline Enantioselective Surfaces classification of chirality Theoretical point of view: selection of chiral molecules Enantiomers What is Chirality? Life in the another side of the mirror “Imagine. a musty storeroom crammed full of mannequin parts, left and right arms in rigidified plastic disarray And you, in the dark, have to sort them out. It’s a left-over Fellini set It’s soon done, but why is there one more right hand than left?” Catalista, Selected Poems, 2002. Roald Hoffmann (Nobel prize in Chemistry,1981). Definition: From Greek kheir:hand “I call any geometrical figure or group of points, chiral, and say that its chirality, if its image in a plane mirror, ideally realized, cannot be brought to coincide with itself”a. a W. Thomson Kelvin, Baltimore Lectures on Molecular Dynamics and the wave theory of light, C.J. Clay, London, 1904. Leonardo A. Espinosa L. Quiral systems Introduction What is Chirality? Life and Handedness A Chirality Timeline Enantioselective Surfaces classification of chirality Theoretical point of view: selection of chiral molecules Enantiomers Outline 1 Introduction What is Chirality? A Chirality Timeline classification of chirality Enantiomers 2 Life and Handedness Homochirality and life Some possibles answers 3 Enantioselective Surfaces Chiral surfaces 4 Theoretical point of view: selection of chiral molecules Selection methods Leonardo A. Espinosa L. Quiral systems Introduction What is Chirality? Life and Handedness A Chirality Timeline Enantioselective Surfaces classification of chirality Theoretical point of view: selection of chiral molecules Enantiomers History Breaking the symmetry. Part I. History Path until XIX century 1 250B:C: Archimedes of Syracuse. The design of the Archimedean water screw and the study of spiral structure. 2 1811. Dominique François Jean Arago. Discovery of the rotation of the polarization of light in quartz crystals. 3 1835. Jean-Baptiste Biot. Discovery of the rotation of the polarization of light in sugar solution. 4 1848. Louis Pasteur. Paratartaric acid is identified as the stereoisomer of tartaric acid. Pasteur postulates that nature has a chiral asymmetry. 5 1888. Friedrich Reinitzer. Discovery of the (chiral) blue phase of liquid crystals. Coining of the term "liquid crystals". 6 1893. William Thomson (Lord Kelvin). Defines the notion of a chiral object and chirality. Leonardo A. Espinosa L. Quiral systems Introduction What is Chirality? Life and Handedness A Chirality Timeline Enantioselective Surfaces classification of chirality Theoretical point of view: selection of chiral molecules Enantiomers History Breaking the symmetry. Part I. History Path until XIX century 1 250B:C: Archimedes of Syracuse. The design of the Archimedean water screw and the study of spiral structure. 2 1811. Dominique François Jean Arago. Discovery of the rotation of the polarization of light in quartz crystals. 3 1835. Jean-Baptiste Biot. Discovery of the rotation of the polarization of light in sugar solution. 4 1848. Louis Pasteur. Paratartaric acid is identified as the stereoisomer of tartaric acid. Pasteur postulates that nature has a chiral asymmetry. 5 1888. Friedrich Reinitzer. Discovery of the (chiral) blue phase of liquid crystals. Coining of the term "liquid crystals". 6 1893. William Thomson (Lord Kelvin). Defines the notion of a chiral object and chirality. Leonardo A. Espinosa L. Quiral systems Introduction What is Chirality? Life and Handedness A Chirality Timeline Enantioselective Surfaces classification of chirality Theoretical point of view: selection of chiral molecules Enantiomers History Breaking the symmetry. Part I. History Path until XIX century 1 250B:C: Archimedes of Syracuse. The design of the Archimedean water screw