Initial Environmental Examination Document Stage: Draft Project Number: 42267-031 May 2020 IND: Rajasthan Secondary Towns Development Sector Project – Water Supply Project in Laxmangarh City, District - Sikar, Rajasthan Prepared by Project Management Unit, Rajasthan Urban Drinking Water Sewerage and Infrastructure Corporation Limited, Government of Rajasthan for the Asian Development Bank. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 27 May 2020) Currency unit – Indian rupee (₹) ₹1.00 = $0.01324 $1.00 = ₹75.5425 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank ASI – Archaeological Survey of India CAPC – Community Awareness and Participation Consultant CTE – Consent to Establish CTO – Consent to Operate CPCB – Central Pollution Control Board DWC – Double Wall Corrugated EAC – Expert Appraisal Committee EHS – Environmental Health & Safety EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMP – Environmental Management Plan GOI – Government of India GOR – Government of Rajasthan IEE – initial environmental examination LPCD – liters per capita per day LSGD – Local Self Government Department MLD – million liters per day MOEF&CC – Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change NHAI – National Highways Authority of India NOC – No Objection Certificate PHED – Public Health Engineering Department PIU – project implementation unit PMU – project management unit PWD – Public Works Department REA – Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist ROW – right-of-way RPCB – Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board RUIDP – Rajasthan Urban Infrastructure Development Project RSTDSP – Rajasthan Secondary Towns Development Sector Project SEIAA – State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority SPS (ADB) – Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 (ADB) ULB – urban local body WEIGHTS AND MEASURES C – Degree Celsius km – kilometer lpcd – litres per capita per day m – meter MLD – million litres per day mm – millimeter nos – numbers km2 – square kilometer NOTE In this report, "$" refers to United States dollars. CONTENTS Pages I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Background 1 B. Purpose of Initial Environmental Examination Report 2 C. Report Structure 3 II. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 3 A. Present Status of Water Supply and Sewerage 4 B. Infrastructure Improvements Designed in Laxmangarh City under RSTDSP 4 C. Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement 7 D. Subproject Benefits 8 E. Implementation Schedule 8 III. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 13 IV. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORKS 16 A. ADB Safeguard Policy 16 B. National & State Laws 18 V. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 32 A. Physical Resources 32 B. Ecological Resources 37 C. Economic Development 38 D. Socio Cultural Resources 40 E. Environmental Settings of Investment Program Component Sites 41 VI. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 43 A. Introduction 43 B. Pre-Construction Impacts – Design and Location 44 C. Water Reservation for Laxmangarh 46 D. Environmental Audit of Existing Water Supply Infrastructure 47 E. E. Construction Impacts 53 F. F. Operation and Maintenance Impacts 65 VII. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 66 A. Overview 66 B. Public Consultation 67 C. Information Disclosure 68 VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 68 A. Project Specific Grievance Redress Mechanism 68 IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 72 A. Environmental Management Plan 72 B. Institutional Requirements 103 C. Monitoring and Reporting 116 D. EMP Implementation Cost 116 X. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 118 APPENDIXES 1. Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist 2. Drinking water standards 3. Compliance with Environmental Criteria for Subproject Selection 4. Ambient Air Quality, Vehicle, Diesel Generator Emissions Standards 5. Ambient Air Quality Standards in Respect of Noise 6. Salient Features of Major Laws Applicable to Establishments Engaged in Construction of Civil Works 7. Groundwater Quality Test Reports 8. Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool - Laxmangarh 9. Sample chance find protocol 10. Salient features of the IGNP canal (Source of surface water) 11. Surface Water Allocation Letter from Executive Engineer, PHED 12. Feasibility report of tube wells 13. Location details of tube wells 14. Preliminary audit note on existing facilities 15. Sample Asbestos containing material (ACM) Management Plan 16. Sample Outline Spoil Management Plan 17. Sample Outline Traffic Management Plan 18. Environmental Monitoring Plan - Ambient Air, Noise, Water and Soil 19. IFC benchmark standards for workers accommodation 20. Guidelines and Emergency plan for handling and storing chlorine 21. Details of Public Consultations 22. Minutes of City level Stakeholder Committee (CLC) Meeting 23. Sample Grievance Registration Form 24. Officer order for establishing GRM 25. Sample Environmental Site Inspection Checklist 26. Semi Annual Environmental Monitoring Report Format 27. Details of land availability, ownership and NOCs for sites 28. Layout of CWR showing storage area for asbestos material 29. WHO Interim Guidance on Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Waste Management for the COVID-19 virus EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Rajasthan Secondary Towns Development Sector Project (RSTDSP), the fourth phase of investment projects financed by Asian Development Bank (ADB) and implemented by the Rajasthan Urban Drinking Water Sewerage and Infrastructure Corporation Limited (RUDSICO), previously known as Rajasthan Urban Infrastructure Development Project (RUIDP). RSTDSP will support the ongoing efforts of the Government of Rajasthan (GOR) towards improving the water and wastewater services in about 14 towns.1 RSTDSP seeks to improve water supply and sewerage (WSS) services in secondary towns with populations between 20,000-115,000 through a sector loan modality. The project is aligned with the following impact(s): (i) access to potable, affordable, reliable, equitable, and environmentally sustainable drinking water supply in all urban areas of Rajasthan improved;2 and (ii) health status of urban population, especially the poor and under-privileged improved.3 The project will have the following outcome: urban service delivery in secondary towns of Rajasthan improved. There are three outputs. • Output 1: Water supply infrastructure in project towns improved with climate- resilient and inclusive features. By 2027: (i) about 1,350 kilometers (km) of water supply pipelines will be commissioned through a district metered area approach for effective non-revenue water (NRW) management, (ii) about 100,000 households will be connected to an improved water supply system (including at least 95% below poverty line [BPL] households) with 100% functional meters allowing for the introduction of volumetric billing, (iii) 3 new water treatment plants (WTP) will be commissioned with total capacity of at least 28 million liters per day (MLD) and (iv) 2 water treatment plants WTP will be rehabilitated. • Output 2: Sanitation systems in project towns improved with climate-resilient, cost-effective and inclusive features.4 By 2027: (i) about 1,300 kmilometers of sewers will be constructed, (ii) 19 sewerage treatment plants (STP)s with co- treatment of wastewater and fecal sludge and with a total capacity of about 80 million liters per day will be commissioned and 3 existing STPs will be upgraded to meet current effluent standards, (iii) about 103,000 new household connections (including at least 95% BPL households) to sewer system will be installed, (iv) 1 fecal sludge treatment plant with total 10 kilo liters per day (KLD) capacity will be commissioned, and (v) agreements for reuse of wastewater mainly for industry or agriculture will be signed in at least 5 project ULBs. • Output 3: Institutional and human capacities strengthened for service improvements, gender equality and sustainability. Under the sector project: (i) at least 500 women will gain professional experience through an internship program at RUDSICO, (ii) about 500 staff and 500 elected representatives of project ULBs, including 80% of eligible women, will report increased knowledge on operation and maintenance (O&M) of WSS services, CWIS, financial 1 Secondary towns under consideration are Abu Road, Banswara, Didwana, Fatehpur, Kuchaman, Ladnu, Laxmangarh, Makrana, Pratapgarh, Ratangarh, Sardarshahar, Sirohi, and Heritage towns - Khetri, Mandawa. 2 Government of Rajasthan. 2018. Rajasthan: Urban Water Supply Policy. Jaipur. 3 Government of Rajasthan. 2016. State Sewerage and Wastewater Policy. Jaipur. 4 Climate resilient and inclusive features included are: improvements in the distribution system to reduce losses; rainfall water harvesting; energy-efficient pumps; solar panels at project facilities; pressure control mechanisms in the water system to help avoid losses through pipe bursts; and wastewater reuse for productive uses. ii sustainability and gender equality and social inclusion (GESI) action plan implementation, (iii) about 500 girls will report enhanced knowledge in conducting water audits in schools and households, and (iv) data platforms will