Creating a Global Building Inventory for Earthquake Loss Assessment and Risk Management Steel framed Others Reinforced 6.4% 0.3% concrete Traditional 31.9% Wooden 32% Wooden and fire-proofed 30% Open-File Report 2008–1160 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Creating a Global Building Inventory for Earthquake Loss Assessment and Risk Management By Kishor Jaiswal and David J. Wald Open-File Report 2008–1160 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior DIRK KEMPTHORNE, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Mark D. Myers, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2008 About USGS Product For product and ordering information: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS About this Product For more information concerning this publication, contact: Team Chief Scientist, USGS Central Region Geologic Hazards Team Box 25046 Denver Federal Center MS-966 Denver, CO 80225-0046 (303) 236 -5344 Or visit the Central Region Geologic Hazards Team Web site at: http://earthquake.usgs.gov/ This publication is available online at: http://earthquake.usgs.gov/pager Publishing support provided by: Denver Publishing Service Center, Denver, Colorado Manuscript approved for publication, March 2008 Edited by Lorna Carter Graphics background picture on front page of the report:This Wikipedia and Wikimedia Commons image is from the user Chris 73 and is freely available at http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Roppongi_Area_from_Tokyo_Tower.jpg under the creative commons cc-by-sa 2.5 license. Suggested citation: Jaiswal, K.S., and Wald, D.J., 2008, Creating a global building inventory for earthquake loss assessment and risk management: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1160, 103 p. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted material contained within this report. ii Contents Contents.......................................................................................................................... iii Figures.............................................................................................................................v Tables .............................................................................................................................vi Executive Summary .........................................................................................................1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................2 Inventory Literature and Data Review..............................................................................4 Inventory Data Sources ...................................................................................................7 UN Statistical Database on Global Housing (1993) .........................................................7 UN-HABITAT Database (2007)........................................................................................9 Housing Census Database (Country-Specific).................................................................9 World Housing Encyclopedia Database (Country-Specific) ...........................................10 Data Compiled from Published Literature ......................................................................11 Inventory Development ..................................................................................................11 Overview........................................................................................................................11 PAGER Specific Inventory Needs..................................................................................12 Methodology ..................................................................................................................12 Phase I: Database Identification, Preparation, and Confidence Rating..........................13 Data Identification ..........................................................................................................13 Geographic Location and Resolution .............................................................................13 Occupancy Classification...............................................................................................13 Construction Type Classification....................................................................................14 Average Occupancy by Construction Type....................................................................14 Attribute Rating ..............................................................................................................15 Phase II: Data Prioritization, Merging, and Country Assignments..................................15 Selection of Attribute Assignments Using Ratings and Vintage of Data Source ............15 Phase III: Data Development for Missing Entries and Synthesis ...................................16 Missing Entries and Country-Pairing..............................................................................16 PAGER Inventory Matrix Compilation ............................................................................17 Limitations of the Methodology ......................................................................................17 Illustration of Inventory Data Compilation for Peru.........................................................18 United Nations Housing Database .................................................................................18 UN-HABITAT (2007) DHS Database .............................................................................18 Population and Housing Census....................................................................................19 World Housing Encyclopedia (WHE) Reports................................................................19 Published Literature of Housing/Building Stock .............................................................19 Inventory Compilation for Selected Countries................................................................20 Australia.........................................................................................................................20 El Salvador.....................................................................................................................20 Indonesia .......................................................................................................................21 Iran.................................................................................................................................21 Italy ................................................................................................................................22 Japan .............................................................................................................................22 Mexico ...........................................................................................................................23 Nepal .............................................................................................................................23 New Zealand..................................................................................................................24 Taiwan ...........................................................................................................................24 The Philippines ..............................................................................................................25 iii Turkey............................................................................................................................25 Application to the Continental United States..................................................................25 Web Delivery of Global Inventory...................................................................................26 Implementation Challenges............................................................................................27 Processing of Raw Data ................................................................................................27 Construction Type Mapping ...........................................................................................27 Occupancy by Construction Type ..................................................................................27 Confidence Rating .........................................................................................................28 Limitations of PAGER Inventory Database ....................................................................28 Housing Units and Building/Structure Type Inventory....................................................28 Wall Material and Structure Type...................................................................................28 Vintage of Database ......................................................................................................29 Resolution of Inventory Distribution ...............................................................................29 Scope of Inventory Updating..........................................................................................29