FAMILY Nomeidae Günther, 1860 – driftfishes, fatheads, cubeheads [=Nomeina, Cubicepini, Psenidae, Alepidichthyidae] Notes: Nomeina Günther, 1860:354, 355, 387 [ref. 1963] (group) Nomeus Cubicepini Moreau, 1881:v.2 478 [ref. 3040] (subfamily) Cubiceps [correct stem is Cubicepit- Sheiko 2013:129 [ref. 32944]] Psenidae Jordan, 1887:577 [ref. 2388] (family) Psenes [also occupied in insects: Pseninae ? Ashmead, 1899] Alepidichthyidae Torres-Orozco & Castro-Aguirre, 1983:37 [ref. 5384] (family) Alepidichthys GENUS Cubiceps Lowe, 1843 – driftfishes, fatheads, cubeheads [=Cubiceps Lowe [R. T.], 1843:82, Atimostoma Smith [A.], 1845:Pl. 24, Mulichthys Lloyd [R. E.], 1909:156, Mandelichthys (subgenus of Cubiceps) Nichols [J. T.] & Murphy [R. C.], 1944:247, Navarchus De Filippi [F.] & Vérany [G. B.], 1857:187, Trachelocirrhus Doûmet [P. N.], 1863:220] Notes: [ref. 2832]. Masc. Seriola gracilis Lowe, 1843. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Jordan & Evermann 1896:950 [ref. 2443]. On Official List (Opinion 461). •Valid as Cubiceps Lowe, 1843 -- (Haedrich 1967:78 [ref. 5357], Haedrich 1973:562 [ref. 7216], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:316 [ref. 7348], Butler 1979:227 [ref. 8841], Scott 1982:185 [ref. 5472], Aboussouan 1983:8 [ref. 12850], Horn 1984:628 [ref. 13637], Nakabo in Masuda et al. 1984:235 [ref. 6441], Haedrich in Whitehead et al. 1986:1184 [ref. 13677], Haedrich 1986:847 [ref. 5659], Agafonova 1988 [ref. 13479], Gomon et al. 1994:839 [ref. 22532], Agafonova 1994:161 [ref. 22696], Last 2001:3772 [ref. 26309], Haedrich 2003:1871 [ref. 27117], Parin 2003:S31 [ref. 28536], Parin & Piotrovsky 2004:S46 [ref. 28443], Doiuchi et al. 2004:209 [ref. 28582], Hoese & Bray 2006:1794 [ref. 29000], Gomon & Last 2008:80 [ref. 30651], Ho et al. 2010:256 [ref. 33328], Parin et al. 2014:519 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Valid as Cubiceps Lowe, 1843. Nomeidae. (Atimostoma) [ref. 4035]. Neut. Atimostoma capensis Smith, 1845. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Cubiceps Lowe, 1843 – (Haedrich 1967:78 [ref. 5357], Agafonova 1994:162 [ref. 22696]). Current status: Synonym of Cubiceps Lowe, 1843. Nomeidae. (Mandelichthys) [ref. 3189]. Masc. Cubiceps carinatus Nichols & Murphy, 1944. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Cubiceps Lowe, 1843 -- (Haedrich 1967:78 [ref. 5357], Agafonova 1994:162 [ref. 22696]). Current status: Synonym of Cubiceps Lowe, 1843. Nomeidae. (Mulichthys) [ref. 2814]. Masc. Mulichthys squamiceps Lloyd, 1909. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Cubiceps Lowe, 1843 – (Haedrich 1967:78 [ref. 5357], Agafonova 1994:162 [ref. 22696]). Current status: Synonym of Cubiceps Lowe, 1843. Nomeidae. (Navarchus) [ref. 1329]. Masc. Navarchus sulcatus De Filippi & Verany, 1857. Type by monotypy. Also appeared as "Navarchus, n. gen." in Doûmet 1864:425 [ref. 13456] but clearly based on De Filippi & Verany and not a new genus description. •Synonym of Cubiceps Lowe, 1843 -- (Haedrich 1967:78 [ref. 5357], Haedrich 1973:562 [ref. 7216], Agafonova 1994:162 [ref. 22696]). Current status: Synonym of Cubiceps Lowe, 1843. Nomeidae. (Trachelocirrhus) [ref. 1138]. Masc. Trachelocirrhus mediterraneus Doûmet, 1863. Type by monotypy. Misspelled Trachelocirrus by Jordan 1919:323 [ref. 4904]. •Synonymized with Navarchus sulcatus by Doûmet 1864 [ref. 13456]. •Synonym of Cubiceps Lowe, 1843 -- (Haedrich 1967:78 [ref. 5357], Haedrich 1973:562 [ref. 7216], Agafonova 1994:162 [ref. 22696]). Current status: Synonym of Cubiceps Lowe, 1843. Nomeidae. Species Cubiceps baxteri McCulloch, 1923 – black fathead [=Cubiceps baxteri McCulloch [A. R.], 1923:15, Pl. 1 (fig. 4)] Notes: [Records of the Australian Museum v. 14 (no. 1); ref. 15410] On a beach at Lord Howe Island, southwestern Pacific. Current status: Valid as Cubiceps baxteri McCulloch, 1923. Nomeidae. Distribution: Pacific, antiequatorial: Japan east to Baja California (Mexico), south to Hawaiian Islands; New South Wales (Australia) and Lord Howe Island to southern Chile. Habitat: marine. Species Cubiceps caeruleus Regan, 1914 – blue fathead [=Cubiceps caeruleus Regan [C. T.], 1914:15] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 13 (no. 73); ref. 3661] Three Kings Islands, north of New Zealand, about 34°09'S, 172°09'E. Current status: Valid as Cubiceps caeruleus Regan, 1914. Nomeidae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Habitat: marine. Species Cubiceps capensis (Smith, 1845) – Cape fathead [=Atimostoma capensis Smith [A.], 1845:no pagination, Pl. 24] Notes: [Illustrations of the zoology of South Africa v. 4; ref. 4035] North of Cape Town, South Africa, southeastern Atlantic. Current status: Valid as Cubiceps capensis (Smith, 1845). Nomeidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas, including Hawaiian Ridge. Habitat: marine. Species Cubiceps gracilis (Lowe, 1843) - driftfish [=Seriola gracilis Lowe [R. T.], 1843:82, Cubiceps lowei Osório [B.], 1909:15, Trachelocirrhus mediterraneus Doûmet [P. N.], 1863:222, Pl. 15, Aphareus obtusirostris Borodin [N. A.], 1930:91, Navarchus sulcatus De Filippi [F.] & Verany [G. B.], 1857:191 [7], Fig. 1] Notes: [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1843 (pt 11); ref. 2832] Off Madeira, eastern Atlantic. Current status: Valid as Cubiceps gracilis (Lowe, 1843). Nomeidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea, eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay to Mauritania including Azores and Madeira. Habitat: marine. (lowei) [Memorias do Museu Bocage, Lisboa Fasc. 1; ref. 3317] Cape Verde Islands. Current status: Synonym of Cubiceps gracilis (Lowe, 1843). Nomeidae. Habitat: marine. (mediterraneus) [Revue et Magasin de Zoologie (Sér. 2) v. 15; ref. 1138] Sète, southern France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Cubiceps gracilis (Lowe, 1843). Nomeidae. Habitat: marine. (obtusirostris) [Proceedings of the New England Zoölogical Club v. 11; ref. 16067] Northern Atlantic, 39°58'N, 29°46'W, probably surface. Current status: Synonym of Cubiceps gracilis (Lowe, 1843). Nomeidae. Habitat: marine. (sulcatus) [Memorie / Reale accademia delle scienze di Torino (Ser. 2) v. 18; ref. 1329] Nice, Département des Alpes-Maritimes, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Cubiceps gracilis (Lowe, 1843). Nomeidae. Habitat: marine. Species Cubiceps kotlyari Agafonova, 1988 – Kotlyar's cubehead [=Cubiceps kotlyari Agafonova [T. B.], 1988:549 [54], Fig. 5] Notes: [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 28 (no. 4); ref. 13479] Northern Indian Ocean, 8°39'S, 111°15'E, depth 560-600 meters. Current status: Valid as Cubiceps kotlyari Agafonova, 1988. Nomeidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific (few localities). Habitat: marine. Species Cubiceps macrolepis Agafonova, 1988 – largescale cigarfish [=Cubiceps macrolepis Agafonova [T. B.], 1988:543 [48], Fig. 1] Notes: [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 28 (no. 4); ref. 13479] Northern Indian Ocean, 1°44'N, 66°18'E, depth 100-150 meters over more than 3000 meters. Current status: Valid as Cubiceps macrolepis Agafonova, 1988. Nomeidae. Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine. Species Cubiceps nanus Agafonova, 1988 – dwarf cigarfish [=Cubiceps nanus Agafonova [T. B.], 1988:547 [53], Fig. 4] Notes: [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 28 (no. 4); ref. 13479] Northwestern Indian Ocean, 20°05'N, 63°37'E, depth 15-45 meters. Current status: Valid as Cubiceps nanus Agafonova, 1988. Nomeidae. Distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Arabian Sea. Habitat: marine. Species Cubiceps paradoxus Butler, 1979 – longfin cigarfish [=Cubiceps paradoxus Butler [J. L.], 1979:235, Fig. 9] Notes: [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 29 (no. 2); ref. 8841] Off Portuguese Bend, Los Angeles County, California, U.S.A. Current status: Valid as Cubiceps paradoxus Butler, 1979. Nomeidae. Distribution: Central and eastern North Pacific: Hawaiian Islands, Galápagos Archipelago, California (U.S.A.) to Peru. Habitat: marine. Species Cubiceps pauciradiatus Gunther, 1872 – longfin fathead [=Cubiceps pauciradiatus Günther [A.], 1872:423, Cubiceps athenae Haedrich [R. L.], 1965:502, Fig. 1, Cubiceps carinatus Nichols [J. T.] & Murphy [R. C.], 1944:245, Fig. 4, Cubiceps longimanus Fowler [H. W.], 1934:442, Fig. 23, Cubiceps nesiotes Fowler [H. W.], 1938:195, Pl. 8 (fig. 19)] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 4) v. 10 (no. 60) (art,. 60); ref. 18195] Misol Island [Pulau Misool, Raja Ampat Islands, Papua Barat, Indonesia, Seram Sea, western Pacific]. Current status: Valid as Cubiceps pauciradiatus Günther, 1872. Nomeidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through warm temperate seas, including Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine. (athenae) [Copeia 1965 (no. 4); ref. 18239] Middle Atlantic Bight, 38°34'N, 71°22'W, at surface. Current status: Synonym of Cubiceps pauciradiatus Günther, 1872. Nomeidae. Habitat: marine. (carinatus) [Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History v. 83 (art. 4); ref. 3189] About 180 miles southwest, 5°W, of Cape Mala, Panama. Current status: Synonym of Cubiceps pauciradiatus Günther, 1872. Nomeidae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine. (longimanus) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 86; ref. 1419] Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. Current status: Synonym of Cubiceps pauciradiatus Günther, 1872. Nomeidae. Habitat: marine. (nesiotes) [Monographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia No. 2; ref. 1428] 40 miles south of Kiritimati [formerly Christmas Island], Line Islands. Current status: Synonym of Cubiceps pauciradiatus Günther, 1872. Nomeidae. Habitat: marine. Species Cubiceps whiteleggii (Waite, 1894) – shadow driftfish [=Psenes whiteleggii