FEDERAL MEASURES OF RACE AND ETHNICITY AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR THE 2000 CENSUS HEARINGS BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT MANAGEMENT, INFORMATION, AND TECHNOLOGY OF THE COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT REFORM AND OVERSIGHT HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED FIFTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION APRIL 23; MAY 22; AND JULY 25, 1997 Serial No. 105–57 Printed for the use of the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight ( U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 45–174 CC WASHINGTON : 1998 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate 0ct 09 2002 13:34 Oct 23, 2002 Jkt 081030 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 W:\DISC\45174.TXT 45174 COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT REFORM AND OVERSIGHT DAN BURTON, Indiana, Chairman BENJAMIN A. GILMAN, New York HENRY A. WAXMAN, California J. DENNIS HASTERT, Illinois TOM LANTOS, California CONSTANCE A. MORELLA, Maryland ROBERT E. WISE, JR., West Virginia CHRISTOPHER SHAYS, Connecticut MAJOR R. OWENS, New York STEVEN SCHIFF, New Mexico EDOLPHUS TOWNS, New York CHRISTOPHER COX, California PAUL E. KANJORSKI, Pennsylvania ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN, Florida GARY A. CONDIT, California JOHN M. MCHUGH, New York CAROLYN B. MALONEY, New York STEPHEN HORN, California THOMAS M. BARRETT, Wisconsin JOHN L. MICA, Florida ELEANOR HOLMES NORTON, Washington, THOMAS M. DAVIS, Virginia DC DAVID M. MCINTOSH, Indiana CHAKA FATTAH, Pennsylvania MARK E. SOUDER, Indiana ELIJAH E. CUMMINGS, Maryland JOE SCARBOROUGH, Florida DENNIS J. KUCINICH, Ohio JOHN B. SHADEGG, Arizona ROD R. BLAGOJEVICH, Illinois STEVEN C. LATOURETTE, Ohio DANNY K. DAVIS, Illinois MARSHALL ‘‘MARK’’ SANFORD, South JOHN F. TIERNEY, Massachusetts Carolina JIM TURNER, Texas JOHN E. SUNUNU, New Hampshire THOMAS H. ALLEN, Maine PETE SESSIONS, Texas HAROLD E. FORD, JR., Tennessee MICHAEL PAPPAS, New Jersey ——— VINCE SNOWBARGER, Kansas BERNARD SANDERS, Vermont BOB BARR, Georgia (Independent) ROB PORTMAN, Ohio KEVIN BINGER, Staff Director DANIEL R. MOLL, Deputy Staff Director JUDITH MCCOY, Chief Clerk PHIL SCHILIRO, Minority Staff Director SUBCOMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT MANAGEMENT, INFORMATION, AND TECHNOLOGY STEPHEN HORN, California, Chairman PETE SESSIONS, Texas CAROLYN B. MALONEY, New York THOMAS M. DAVIS, Virginia PAUL E. KANJORSKI, Pennsylvania JOE SCARBOROUGH, Florida MAJOR R. OWENS, New York MARSHALL ‘‘MARK’’ SANFORD, South ROD R. BLAGOJEVICH, Illinois Carolina DANNY K. DAVIS, Illinois JOHN E. SUNUNU, New Hampshire ROB PORTMAN, Ohio EX OFFICIO DAN BURTON, Indiana HENRY A. WAXMAN, California J. RUSSELL GEORGE, Staff Director and Chief Counsel JOHN HYNES, Professional Staff Member JOAN MCENERY, Professional Staff Member ANDREA MILLER, Clerk DAVID MCMILLEN, Minority Professional Staff Member MARK STEPHENSON, Minority Professional Staff Member (II) VerDate 0ct 09 2002 13:34 Oct 23, 2002 Jkt 081030 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 W:\DISC\45174.TXT 45174 C O N T E N T S Page Hearing held on: April 23, 1997 ................................................................................................... 1 May 22, 1997 ..................................................................................................... 247 July 25, 1997 ..................................................................................................... 507 Statement of: Akaka, Hon. Daniel K., a U.S. Senator from the State of Hawaii ............... 261 Cantu, Norma, Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, U.S. Department of Education; Edward J. Sondik, National Center for Health Statistics, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; and Bernard L. Ungar, Associate Director, Federal Management and Work Force Issues, U.S. General Accounting Office ....................................................... 135 Douglass, Ramona, president, Association for Multiethnic Americans; Helen Hatab Samhan, executive vice president, Arab-American Insti- tute; Jacinta Ma, legal fellow, National Asian Pacific American Legal Consortium; Joann Chase, executive director, National Congress of American Indians; and Nathan Douglas, Interracial Family Circle ........ 382 Farnsworth Riche, Martha, Director, Bureau of the Census, accompanied by Nancy M. Gordon, Associate Director for Demographic Programs ...... 115 Graham, Susan, president, Project RACE; Carlos Fernandez, coordinator for law and civil rights, Association of Multiethnic Americans; Harold McDougall, director, Washington bureau, NAACP; and Mary Waters, department of sociology, Harvard University ............................................. 546 Graham, Susan, president, Project RACE; Ryan Graham, Project RACE; Harold McDougall, director, Washington bureau, NAACP; and Eric Rodriguez, policy analyst, National Council of La Raza ............................ 282 Katzen, Sally, Administrator, Office of Information and Regulatory Af- fairs, Office of Management and Budget, accompanied by Katherine Wallman, Chief Statistician of the United States ...................................... 45 Katzen, Sally, Administrator, Office of Information and Regulatory Af- fairs, Office of Management and Budget; Isabelle Katz Pinzler, Assist- ant Attorney General for Civil Rights, Department of Justice; and Nancy Gordon, Associate Director for Demographic Programs, Bureau of the Census ................................................................................................. 590 Sawyer, Hon. Thomas, a Representative in Congress from the State of Ohio; Hon. Thomas Petri, a Representative in Congress from the State of Wisconsin; and Hon. Carrie P. Meek, a Representative in Congress from the State of Florida .............................................................................. 215 Sawyer, Hon. Thomas, a Representative in Congress from the State of Ohio; Hon. Thomas Petri, a Representative in Congress from the State of Wisconsin; Hon. Maxine Waters, a Representative in Congress from the State of California; and Hon. John Conyers, Jr., a Representative in Congress from the State of Michigan ..................................................... 517 Waters, Mary C., Department of Sociology, Harvard University; Harold Hodgkinson, Center for Demographic Policy, Institute for Educational Leadership; and Balint Vazsonyi, director, Center for the American Founding ........................................................................................................ 439 Letters, statements, etc., submitted for the record by: Akaka, Hon. Daniel K., a U.S. Senator from the State of Hawaii: CRS study .................................................................................................. 270 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 264 Cantu, Norma, Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, U.S. Department of Education, prepared statement of ........................................................... 138 Chase, Joann, executive director, National Congress of American Indians, prepared statement of ................................................................................... 422 (III) VerDate 0ct 09 2002 13:34 Oct 23, 2002 Jkt 081030 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 W:\DISC\45174.TXT 45174 IV Page Letters, statements, etc., submitted for the record by—Continued Conyers, Hon. John, Jr., a Representative in Congress from the State of Michigan, prepared statement of ............................................................. 535 Davis, Hon. Danny K., a Representative in Congress from the State of Illinois, prepared statements of ............................................................. 41, 253 Douglas, Nathan, Interracial Family Circle, prepared statement of ........... 430 Douglass, Ramona, president, Association for Multiethnic Americans, pre- pared statement of ........................................................................................ 385 Farnsworth Riche, Martha, Director, Bureau of the Census: Information concerning ignored 1990 census questions ......................... 116 Information concerning penalties ............................................................. 115 Fernandez, Carlos, coordinator for law and civil rights, Association of Multiethnic Americans: Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 571 Prepared statement of June 30, 1993, hearing ....................................... 558 Forgione, Dr., Commissioner of NCES, prepared statement of .................... 141 Gingrich, Hon. Newt, Speaker, U.S. House of Representatives, prepared statement of ................................................................................................... 661 Gordon, Nancy M., Associate Director for Demographic Programs: Information concerning ancestry .............................................................. 130 Information concerning classifying data on the Hawaiian population . 131 Information concerning followup interviews ........................................... 608 Information concerning industrial countries censuses ........................... 128 Information concerning the degree to which census data collection policies apply to State data collection on relevant Federal pro- grams ...................................................................................................... 129 Prepared statements of ......................................................................... 119, 632 Graham, Susan, president, Project