16 6 ANNOTATED LIST OF SPECIES Check List 16 (6): 1561–1573 https://doi.org/10.15560/16.6.1561 Odonata from Bahia Solano, Colombian Pacific Region 1,2 2 3 Fredy Palacino-Rodríguez , Diego Andrés Palacino-Penagos , Albert Antonio González-Neitha 1 Grupo de Investigación en Biología (GRIB), Departamento de Biología, Universidad El Bosque Av. Cra. 9 No. 131A-02, Bogotá, Colombia. 2 Grupo de Investigación en Odonatos y otros artrópodos de Colombia (GINOCO), Centro de Investigación en Acarología, Cl. 152B #55-45, Bogotá, Colombia. 3 Nidales S.A., Cra. 101 #150a-60, Bogotá, Colombia. Corresponding author: Fredy Palacino-Rodríguez, [email protected] Abstract We present a checklist of Odonata species from Bahia Solano Municipality in the Pacific Region of Colombia. Sam- pling effort included 715 h between December 2018 and January 2020. We recorded 51 species in 27 genera and seven families. The most representative families were Libellulidae with 14 genera and 29 species and Coenagrionidae with 10 genera and 16 species. Argia fulgida Navás, 1934 and Erythrodiplax funerea (Hagen, 1861) are newly recorded from Chocó Department. The richer localities in terms of species numbers are conservation areas which are little impacted by indigenous traditional agriculture. Keywords Anisoptera, damselflies, dragonflies, Neotropical region, tropical rainforest, very wet tropical forest, Zygoptera Academic editor: Ângelo Parise Pinto | Received 1 May 2020 | Accepted 12 October 2020 | Accepted 16 November 2020 Citation: Palacino-Rodríguez F, Palacino-Penagos DA, González-Neitha AA (2020) Odonata from Bahia Solano, Colombian Pacific Region. Check List 16 (6): 1561–1573. https://doi.org/10.15560/16.6.1561 Introduction Colombia is one of the most biodiverse countries in the Gómez et al. 2014), and 700 species of butterflies (e.g., world based on its large numbers of vertebrates and vas- Andrade et al. 2007; Vargas and Salazar 2014), with cular plants (Rangel 2005). This is due to the diversity of many species endemic to the Pacific Region. climates generated by altitudinal gradients, which pro- Exploration of Colombian odonates has flourished duce a variety of ecosystems with high levels of biodiver- since 2000 (Palacino-Rodríguez 2016). More than 437 sity (Bernal et al. 2015). These conditions create natural species of odonates have been recorded from Colombia geographic regions in the country, such as Insular, Carib- (Bota-Sierra et al. 2018a, 2018b). However, knowledge of bean, Andean, Orinoquia, Amazonia, and Pacific regions the local distribution of the species still requires much (Hernández-Camacho et al. 1992; Londoño et al. 2014). study. For example, based in the amount of publications The Pacific Region is one of the most biodiverse ecore- including Colombian and Neotropical Odonata (e.g., Gar- gions in the world because of its numerous forests and rison et al. 2006, 2010), the odonate fauna of the Pacific freshwater ecosystems, which include mangroves, estua- Region is one of the most understudied regions in Colom- rine forests, lowlands, and montane rainforests (Gómez bia. This region has few formal studies on insects in gen- et al. 2014). The region houses more than 7000 species eral, and the odonates are just now being investigated. of plants (e.g., Gentry 1986), 1500 species of birds (e.g., In the central zone of the Pacific Region, 38 species in © The authors. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 1562 Check List 16 (6) 11 families were listed by Pérez-Gutiérrez et al. (2007). drier months. The average temperature is 27 °C. Accord- Other studies (Bota-Sierra and Novelo-Gutiérrez 2017; ing to the Holdridge’s (1967) system, the life zones in this Bota-Sierra et al. 2018a), especially in the central and region correspond to very wet tropical forest and tropical southern zones of the Pacific Region, have recorded rainforest (IGAC 1977). These ecosystems can harbor 73 species in 12 families, with 17 newly recorded spe- more than 200 species of plants per hectare on carbon- cies from the country. More recently, Bota-Sierra et al. rich soils, including a high variety of palms, native trees, (2019) recorded around 60 species from Chocó Depart- shrubs, lianas, grasses, and epiphytic vegetation (Faber- ment. In totality, about 90 species have been recorded Langendoen and Gentry 1991). The predominant relief for some localities from Chocó Department (Pérez- of the zone has high and moderate slopes. The soils have Gutiérrez and Palacino-Rodríguez 2011; Bota-Sierra et parental material constituted by diabases and basalts, al. 2019). Because Bahía Solano municipality is located which by the action of leaching rain has produced alter- between the Pacific Ocean and the Serranía del Baudó, ites and clays (IGAC 2011). Specimens were collected in it has most of the Chocó department’s ecosystems (EOT several sites (Table 1). 2005). Although a high animal diversity, including Odo- Data collection. The map was constructed using Arc- nata, can be expected in Bahía Solano municipality, it GIS 10.6. Three people spent a total of 714 h of field- has been poorly studied. Considering the lack of data, work (65 h at each locality from 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. we documented species of dragonflies and damselflies on 6 and 18 December 2018, 10–23 December 2019, and for the first time in streams and ponds from Bahia Solano 13–19 January 2020 using an aerial entomological net. Municipality in western Chocó department. The objec- The sampling effort was not standardized in the different tive of our study is to present a checklist of Odonata from localities (Fig. 2); however, several individuals were cap- this municipality. Behavioral observations are included tured only and then they were released after identified. for several species. Thus, several records in this study do not have voucher specimens. For comments on species identification, Methods wing venation terminology follows Riek and Kukalová- Peck (1984). The classification system follows that out- Study area. Bahia Solano Municipality (Fig. 1) is lo- lined by Dijkstra et al. (2013, 2014). The identification at cated at 05°10′N, 076°41′W (geographic coordinates of the genus level was corroborated based on Garrison et al. the Principal Park) and has an average altitude of 150 m (2006, 2010); for species-level identifications, revisions a.s.l. The climate is excessively humid, with an annual and original descriptions were used. Comments on spe- precipitation of 4,850 mm. February and March are the cies identifications and natural history remarks resulting Figure 1. Sampling sites in Bahia Solano Municipality. Site numbers correspond to data presented in Table 1. Palacino-Rodríguez et al. | Odonata from Bahia Solano, Colombia 1563 Table 1. Sites visited in Bahia Solano. The site number correspond to numbers on the map (Fig. 1). Altitude Name Site no. Geographic coordinates Habitat description a.s.l. (m) Playa Larga via 1 06°05’55”N, 077°25’12”W 40 Mangrove swamp composed of Rhizophora mangle L. and patches of Cecropia peltata L. Habitat exposed by the cut- El Valle ting of trees Babillal via El Valle 2 06°04’55”N, 077°23’51”W 40 Unnamed pond used as a water source for cattle; ca 500 m of Rhizophora mangle L. patches. Dominant vegetation near to pond was Ischaemum ciliare Retz., Mimosa pudica L., Heliconia psittacorum L., and Psidium guajava L. Toledo Reserve 3 06°07’23”N, 077°24’28”W 5 Toledo stream surrounded by forests of Psidium guajava L. and Cecropia peltata L. and dispersed patches of Cocos nu- cifera L., Musa paradisiaca L., Theobroma cacao L., Citrus limon L., Montrichardia arborescens Schott, Vanilla spp., Carica papaya L., Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg, and Ischaemum ciliare Retz. A protected area, used for indigenous agriculture Jump of Quebrada 4 06°11’26”N, 077°23’42”W 60 Near Quebrada Seca stream. Vegetation composed of numerous patches of Cecropia peltata L., Mimosa pudica L., and Seca 5 06°11’23”N, 077°23’57”W 60 Psidium guajava L. Stream habitats with slow current; used for swimming Jump of Chocolatal 6 06°12’09”N, 077°23’54”W 40 Chocolatal stream. Dominant vegetation was Cecropia peltata L. with several patches of Inga edulis Mart., Theobroma stream 7 06°11’57”N, 077°24’23”W 40 bicolor Humb. & Bonpl., Guadua angustifolia Kunth, Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth, and Ischaemum ciliare Retz. Stream habitats with slow current; used for fishing 8 06°12’29”N, 077°23’50”W 40 9 06°12’36”N, 077°23’43”W 40 10 06°12’32”N, 077°23’43”W 40 Coca-Cola Beach 11 06°13’28”N, 077°24’19”W 40 Coca-Cola stream with slow current. Dominant vegetation was Psidium guajava L. and Inga edulis Mart., with patches 12 06°13’26”N, 077°24’29”W 40 of Cocos nucifera L., Guadua angustifolia Kunth, and Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth. Isolated and with <10 people, who there fish crabs 18 06°13’33”N, 077°24’25”W 14 Huina Beach 13 06°16’00”N, 077°26’03”W 60 Huina stream with slow velocity of the current. Vegetation was composed by a forest of Cecropia peltata L. with nu- 14 06°15’58”N, 077°26’04”W 60 merous patches of Cocos nucifera L., and some patches of Psidium guajava L., and Guadua angustifolia Kunth Mecana Beach 06°16’21”N, 077°27’34”W 40 Mecana stream. Patches of vegetation separated >200 m; composed of Cecropia peltata L., Mimosa pudica L., 15 Rhizophora mangle L., Inga edulis Mart., and Cocos nucifera L.