THE NAVY LEAGUE JOURNAL. "The Stratford" Toilet Service CONTENTS. in Sterling Silver fAC Toilet Services are stocked Merchant Marine of the Empire - 3 Prices for engraving mono- (Eammonfoealtl] in Sliver, Ivory, Ebony and grams and initials will be Poem i *' Who Goes There ? " - 8 Tbttolse Shell. furnished on application. of Australia The Boy Scout - 9 ESTABLISHED 1912. Letter to Members from Executive 10 GENERAL BANKING BUSINESS of every description transacted at all branches tn Guarding The Coasts - 12 Cloth Brush the principal cities and towns of Australia, Our Sea Cadet Movement - 16 £2 5s. London (21, and Rabaul. SAVINGS BANK INTEREST Speed Under Sail - - 17 3; per cent, on deposits up to £1,000. Editorial Notes - 20 3 per cent, on deposits over £1,000 and not exceeding £1,300. The Navy League- - 20 Savings Bank Agencies are also established at the following:— Garden Island (Sydney), Naval Depot, Villiamstown (Victorial H.M.A.S. Tingira H.M.A.S. Encounter ILLUSTRATIONS. „ Australia „ Swan „ Sydney ,. Parramatta Berry's Bay - - 4 „ Melbourne „ Platypus King George V. - 8 „ Brisbane JA8. KELL. DENISON HILLED. A Famous Race - 17 Deputy Governor, I9J0. Governor. Hair Hair Brush Brush Telephone 1448 City. Established 1864. £3 10s. £3 10s. Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd. Consult our Tourist Department for COWLES&TDUNN OUNMAKERS and IMPORTERS Passages to— of FIREARMS Silver Mounted Puff Jar ENGLAND also Hand Mirror Silver Mounted Reeded Class 72 KING STREET, SYDNEY. .'j J". *6 ,Cs- Scent Bottle • £3 15s. AMERICA Round the World Tours yi AFRICA Round Pacific Tours INDIA Round Eastern Tours CHINA Round Australia Tours iiHi JAPAN and Island Tours. Comb £| 16s. Passengers booked by all lines, in any Hardy Brothers Limited class and by any route. JEWEI-LEHS For itineraries and Pamphlets write or 13 HUNTER STREET, SYDNEY call our Tourist Department UP-TO-DATE AND RELIABLE RIFLES, ^ N ^REET' 32 OLD BURLINGTON STREET, 298 COLLINS STREET. REVOLVERS. GUNS AND AUTOMATIC b a It BRIDGE STREET, SYDNEY. BRISBANE LONDON, W.L MELBOURNE PISTOLS. i 2 THE NAVY LEAGUE JOURNAL. MERCANTILE MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY LIMITED Sirertors: A. E. JAQUES, Chairman. C. C GALE. J. M. ATKINSON. THEO. J. MARKS. L. J. DA VIES. r FIRE, MARINE, ACCIDENT and SICKNESS, WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION, BOILER EXPLOSION, MOTOR CAR, PUBLIC RISK and PLATE GLASS INSURANCE. Losses by Lightning, Bush Fires, and Gas Explosion Paid. Cash Bonus to Policy Holders Every Year. HEAD OFFICE: 16 MARTIN PLACE, SYDNEY. KELSO KING. MANAGER. 1 PATRONS— PUB H. E. Tmb COVIKNOII CiNintL THB HON. SIR W. P. CULLEN. K.C.M.O., [HI KT. HON. SIR RONALD MUNRO FERGUSON. Etc.. Etc. P.C.. O.C M.C. L>*ul«nantOov«raor and Chiaf Juatiaa H. E. THB STATB GOVBRNOR of Naw South Walaa. SIR WALTER DAVIDSON. K.C.M.G EXBCUTIVB CONMITTBB— SIR THOB. A. Diaaa A. CONSBTT STBPIIBN A. GORDON WBBCHB COL. THB HON. SIR JAMB* BURNS W. H. Kat.LV HIA HoNon JUDOB BACKHOUBB SIR J. RUSSBLL FRBNCH C. A. PARKBB J. J. KINO-RALTBR EDWARD W KNOX E. P. SiMPaoN J. W. CLARK KBLIO KINO C. J. HBNTV i. PAVNS SIR SAMUBL HORDBRN COL. J. MACARTMUR ONSLOW BBRNARD MCBRIDB P. W. Hixaox J. P. FRANKI THB HON A. W. Maaxa ALPRBD G. MILBON CAPTAIN F. 0. WALBV A. J. WARRY A. K. MOORB THB HON. SIR JOBBPM CARRUTHBRB 0. E FAIRFAX CAPTAIN PBARBB H. W. CORRV WALTBR M. MARKS CAPTAIN S. G. GRBBN DAVID RAFO PBTBR BOARD SIR ALBXANMR MACCORMICK HON. TRBASURBRB- HON. MBMBRNB— HON. SacRBTARiaa— MAJOR.GBNBRAL 0. L. LBB. C.B.. D.S.O. P. W. HIXSON SIR THOB. A. Diaaa A. K. MOORB SIR J. RUSBBLL PRBNCH COMMODORB J. S. DUMARBBO C.B.. M.V O R.N. KBLBO KINO COMMODORB J. C. T. GLOSBOP. C.B.. R.N. ALPRBD 0. MILBON ' I 'HE League is a strictly non-party organisation whose primary object is to urge * upon the Government and the Electorate the paramount importance of an adequate Navy as the best guarantee of peace. Its agencies are employed in educating the Nation, especially the children, in the knowledge of the principles and uses of Sea Power, as a means whereby the food, the industries, ana the floating commerce of the country are safeguarded, and as the necessary bond and protector of the Empire. 1. To advocate the continued maintenance of an effective Navy, Mercantile Marine, and Air Force, as the factors essential for the security of the Empire. 2. To encourage the scientific study of Sea Power and its uses, alike in peace and wartime, and to stimulate interest among teachers and scholars in all Universities, Colleges and Schools of the Empire in die achievements of the Royal Navy and Mercantile Marine. 3. To maintain and develop the N.L. Naval Units and Sea Cadet Corps, to establish Training Institutions wherever possible to prepare boys for a sea career, to die end that aliens may be eliminated from the British Mercantile Marine. 4. To assist the widows and dependents of officers and men of the Royal Navy, including the Royal Australian Navy, Royal Marines and Mer- cantile Marine who have been injured or who have lost their lives in the War, and to educate their children. [ovaa "THE NAVY" is the Organ of the Navy League. It appears monthly. HOW TO JOIN THE NAVY LEAGUE:— ViccPresidenu ilo 0 0 annually. „ (or life .. •25 0 0 Fellows (Ladies and Gentlemen) I 1 0 annually. Do. Do. for life 10 1U 0 Members, with publications post free, not less than ... 0 5 0 annually. Juvenile Members — 0 10 annually and upwards. - - -19 TO THE HOi\. SECRETARIES of THE NEW SOUTH WALES BRANCH OF THE NAVY LEAGUE, ROYAL NAVAL HOUSE, SYDNEY. Please enrol my name as a of the NAVY LEAGUE I or which 1 enclosc value jQ : s. d. Name Address _ The Navy League Journal NEW SOUTH WALES BRANCH. VOL. I. SYDNEY, JANUARY, 1921. No. 10. THE MERCHANT MARINE OF THE EMPIRE. I >v Archibald Hurd. Author of Tlic Command of the Sea, Sea rower, etc. Every man and woman, and every boy and it was merchant seamen who conveyed I lenry girl, in Australia and New Zealand, as well as VIII. and his numerous court and its follow- in other Dominions, is a co-heir either by birth ers to the Field of the Cloth of Gold. It was or immigration with the people of the United in the reign of this king that the Royal Navy Kingdom of the great sea traditions of the was really founded, and even when Lord 1'ritish Empire. The Rritish Commonwealth Howard of Effingham and Drake, in the suc- of to-day. which embraces nearly one-quarter ceeding days of Elizabeth, met and vanquished of the earth's surface, was raised on the foun- the Spanish Armada in the English Channel dations laid by the Elizabethan sailors and in 1588—over two hundred years before Can- their predecessors. We have not exhausted the ada, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Cape wealth of those traditions when we have Breton Island, Newfoundland and Prince Ed- studied in our histories the glorious record of ward Island, after many vicissitudes, were fin- the British Navy, for, before any State-sup- ally ceded under the Treaty of Paris—three- j>orted fleet existed. British seamen, uncoven quarters of the vessels engaged were ordinary anted to the State, had sailed the Narrow Seas cargo-carrying ships armed for the violence of and had at last broken into the uncharted war. oceans of the world, becoming the pioneers of liberal civilisation. The sea instinct of the British people has had a powerful influence on the political and From the time of Alfred the Great down social development of the world. A famous to the reign of Henry VIII, the ship of com- historian has remarked that "out of the in- merce was also, almost without exception, the finite horizon there grows in the mind and ship of war, and when we read of the Crusades character of a sea-faring people a strong ten- to the Holy Land, the Battle of Sluys, and dency towards boldness, fortitude and long- other early naval actions it is to merchant sightedness. Sea-faring nations." he has seamen that the story of those proud achieve- added, "have materially contributed to the en- ments refer. It was, again, merchant seamen largement and heightening of the political who carried the successive armies across the standard. To them narrow territorial politics Channel to fight at Cressy and Agincourt, as appear but shortsighted. The wide open sea .J 14 IS THE NAVY LEAGUE JOURNAL. serves to enlarge the views of both merchants ft is a mistake when we speak of "sea- fleets—the war fleet and the merchant fleet— not have won the war. No sooner was the and statesmen." We may all be proud of the power" to think only of battleships, cruisers began to draw apart, and with the application issue joined than it became apparent that the sea traditions which we share in common. and other men-of-war, and to associate the of physical science to naval warfare—the in- vessels, built in private shipyards, paid for Sometime before his death. Admiral Mahan, great sea traditions of the British people troduction of the long-range gun, the advent by private individuals, manned by seamen the great naval historian, wrote an eulogitim exclusively with the fine exploits of the ot the torpedo, and the appearance of the under 110 I Kind to the State, and managed by on the influence which British seamen had Royal Navy. Down almost to the defeat armoured ship—the differentiation between private firms, would contribute essential exerted in all parts of the habitable globe.