DONAT Mg – OD NEKOČ DO DANES

DONAT Mg – OD NEKOČ DO DANES

UNIVERZA V MARIBORU FAKULTETA ZA GRADBENIŠTVO Katja Drofenik DONAT Mg – OD NEKOČ DO DANES Diplomsko delo Maribor, 2014 I Smetanova ulica 17 2000 Maribor, Slovenija Diplomsko delo visokošolskega študijskega programa DONAT Mg – OD NEKOČ DO DANES Študent: Katja DROFENIK Študijski program: visokošolski, Gradbeništvo Smer: Hidrotehnika Mentor: Viš. pred. Matjaž NEKREP PERC, univ. dipl. inž. grad. Maribor, november 2014 II III ZAHVALA Zahvaljujem se mentorju prof. Matjažu Nekrepu Percu za pomoč in vodenje pri opravljanju diplomskega dela. Prav tako se zahvaljujem mag. Aljažu Čohu in Petru Junežu za veliko pomoč pri pripravi diplomske dela. Posebej se zahvaljujem staršem, ki so mi omogočili študij. IV DONAT Mg – OD NEKOČ DO DANES Ključne besede: mineralna voda, slatina, Donat, vrelec, vodnjak, vrtina, , hidrotehnika. UDK: Povzetek: Namen diplomskega dela je prikazati zgodovino in sodobne postopke črpanje mineralne vode Donat Mg. Postopke pridobivanja mineralne vode obravnava veja tehnike imenovana hidrotehnika, ki je tudi v domeni gradbenih strokovnjakov. V diplomskem delu je povzeta poljudna in tehnična zgodovina ter sedanje stanje izkoriščanja virov mineralne vode v okolici Rogaške Slatine. Pregledno so opisani postopki vrtanja, vodnjaki, gradnje vodovodnih omrežij, polaganja in vzdrževanja cevovodov, ter stekleničenja mineralne vode. V DONAT Mg – From the past to the present Key words: mineral water, mineral enriched water, Donat, fountain, well, borehole, hydrotechnics. UDK: Abstract: The purpose of the diploma thesis is to show Donat Mg througout history and the present through the eyes of constructors. Mineral water supplay is subject of tehnical discipline called Hzdrotechnics. The diploma thesis os an owerview of the processes of drilling, wells, construction of water distribution networks, pipe laying, their maintenance, bottling of the water itself. VI VSEBINA 1 UVOD ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 SPLOŠNO ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 NAMEN IN CILJ DIPLOMSKEGA DELA ............................................................................ 2 1.3 OSNOVNE DEFINICIJE ................................................................................................... 2 2 NARAVNE MINERALNE VODE ........................................................................ 5 2.1 IZVOR IN DEFINICIJA .................................................................................................... 5 2.2 KLASIFIKACIJA IN LASTNOSTI ...................................................................................... 6 3 ZGODOVINA – DONAT – SLATINA IZ ROGAŠKIH GLOBIN .................... 7 3.1 LEGENDA .................................................................................................................... 8 3.2 OD NEKOČ DO 1907 ..................................................................................................... 8 3.3 KNETTEUM – 1907/1908 ........................................................................................... 12 3.4 OD 1908 DO 2. SVETOVNE VOJNE .............................................................................. 15 3.4.1 Solni poizkus ......................................................................................................... 18 3.5 2. SVETOVNA VOJNA .................................................................................................. 19 3.6 PO 2. SVETOVNI VOJNI ............................................................................................... 19 4 VRELCI ................................................................................................................. 22 4.1 FERDINANDOV IN GOTHARDOV VRELEC .................................................................... 22 4.2 GOZDNI VRELEC ........................................................................................................ 22 4.3 KRALJEVI VRELEC ..................................................................................................... 23 4.4 IGNACIJEV VRELEC .................................................................................................... 24 4.5 VRTINA 1 – VRELEC DONATA .................................................................................... 24 5 VRTALNA DELA ................................................................................................. 26 5.1 OD KOPANIH VODNJAKOV DO VRTIN.......................................................................... 26 5.1.1 Vodnjak ................................................................................................................. 26 5.1.2 Vrtan vodnjak – "vrtina" ...................................................................................... 29 5.2 VRTINE V ROGAŠKI SLATINI IN OKOLICI .................................................................... 31 5.2.1 Hidrogeološke lastnosti vrtin na širšem in ožjem območju Rogaške Slatine ....... 33 5.2.2 Obnovitvena dela na vrtini v Spodnji Kostrivnici - K-2a/86 ................................ 37 VII 5.3 NOVA VRTINA T-2 LETA 2015 ................................................................................... 38 5.3.1 Potencial za novo vrtino Donat Mg ..................................................................... 39 5.3.2 Geološki prognozni profil..................................................................................... 40 5.3.3 Hidrogeološki prognozni profil ............................................................................ 40 5.3.4 Predlog vrtanja .................................................................................................... 41 6 SISTEMI OSKRBE Z VODO .............................................................................. 42 6.1 DELITEV VODOVODNIH SISTEMOV ............................................................................. 42 6.1.1 Funkcionalna zasnova .......................................................................................... 42 6.1.2 Tlačna območja .................................................................................................... 44 6.1.3 Zgradba omrežja .................................................................................................. 45 6.2 SESTAVNI DELI VODOVODNEGA SISTEMA .................................................................. 46 6.2.1 Vodno zajetje ........................................................................................................ 46 6.2.2 Črpanje ................................................................................................................. 47 6.2.3 Vodohran .............................................................................................................. 48 6.2.4 Cevovod ................................................................................................................ 48 6.3 VODOVODNI SISTEM ZA MINERALNO VODO ............................................................... 48 7 CEVOVODI IN NJIHOVO VZDRŽEVANJE ................................................... 49 7.1 SPLOŠNO ................................................................................................................... 49 7.2 POLAGANJE CEVOVODOV .......................................................................................... 49 8 POLNITEV ............................................................................................................ 52 8.1 ZGODOVINA POLNJENJA NARAVNE MINERALNE VODE V ROGAŠKI SLATINI ............... 52 8.2 POLNITEV DONATA ................................................................................................... 55 9 ZAKLJUČEK ........................................................................................................ 58 10 VIRI, LITERATURA ........................................................................................... 59 11 PRILOGE .............................................................................................................. 61 11.1 KAZALO SLIK ............................................................................................................ 61 11.2 KAZALO TABEL ......................................................................................................... 64 11.3 KAZALO SHEM ........................................................................................................... 64 11.4 NASLOV ŠTUDENTA ................................................................................................... 64 11.5 KRATEK ŽIVLJENJEPIS ............................................................................................... 64 VIII UPORABLJENI SIMBOLI d – premer cevi Mg - magnezij H2O - voda H - vodik O - kisik SO2 - žveplov dioksid S - žveplo F - fluor Cl - klor Mg - magnezij Na - natrij Ca - kalcij K - kalij CO2 - ogljikov dioksid C - ogljik SO4 - soli žveplove kisline Fe(OH)3 - železov hidroksid Fe - železo Donat Mg – od nekoč do danes Stran 1 1 UVOD 1.1 Splošno Voda (Slika 1) je ena najpomembnejših sestavin na Zemlji. Brez nje ne bi bilo življenja. Človek brez te neverjetne sestavine preživi le nekaj dni. Vodo potrebujemo tudi za kmetijstvo, industrijo in za obrtno proizvodnjo. Pokriva tri četrtine zemeljske površine. Kljub tolikšni količini pa kakovostne vode ni povsod v izobilju. Slika 1: Voda (http://www.earthfuture.com/dear-humans/) V Sloveniji imamo srečo, da se nahajamo na tistem delu zemeljske oble, kjer še nimamo težav s pitno vodo.

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