SQL Anywhere® Server Programming Version 12.0.1 January 2012 Copyright © 2012, iAnywhere Solutions, Inc. - SQL Anywhere 12.0.1 Version 12.0.1 January 2012 Copyright © 2012 iAnywhere Solutions, Inc. Portions copyright © 2012 Sybase, Inc. All rights reserved. This documentation is provided AS IS, without warranty or liability of any kind (unless provided by a separate written agreement between you and iAnywhere). You may use, print, reproduce, and distribute this documentation (in whole or in part) subject to the following conditions: 1) you must retain this and all other proprietary notices, on all copies of the documentation or portions thereof, 2) you may not modify the documentation, 3) you may not do anything to indicate that you or anyone other than iAnywhere is the author or source of the documentation. iAnywhere®, Sybase®, and the marks listed at http://www.sybase.com/detail?id=1011207 are trademarks of Sybase, Inc. or its subsidiaries. ® indicates registration in the United States of America. All other company and product names mentioned may be trademarks of the respective companies with which they are associated. Contents About this book .................................................................................... ix Using SQL in applications .................................................................... 1 SQL statement execution in applications ......................................................... 1 Prepared statements ........................................................................................... 2 Cursor usage ........................................................................................................ 5 Working with cursors .......................................................................................... 7 Cursor types ....................................................................................................... 14 SQL Anywhere cursors ..................................................................................... 16 Result set descriptors ....................................................................................... 33 Transactions in applications ............................................................................ 34 .NET application programming .......................................................... 39 SQL Anywhere .NET Data Provider .................................................................. 39 Using the SQL Anywhere .NET Data Provider ................................................ 75 SQL Anywhere ASP.NET Providers ................................................................. 91 SQL Anywhere .NET API reference .................................................................. 99 OLE DB and ADO development ........................................................ 329 OLE DB ............................................................................................................. 329 ADO programming with SQL Anywhere ........................................................ 330 OLE DB connection parameters ..................................................................... 336 OLE DB connection pooling ........................................................................... 338 Configuration of a Microsoft Linked Server using OLE DB ......................... 339 Supported OLE DB interfaces ........................................................................ 342 Registering the OLE DB provider ................................................................... 346 ODBC support .................................................................................... 347 Requirements for developing ODBC applications ....................................... 347 Building ODBC applications ........................................................................... 348 Copyright © 2012, iAnywhere Solutions, Inc. - SQL Anywhere 12.0.1 iii SQL Anywhere® Server - Programming ODBC samples ................................................................................................. 354 ODBC handles .................................................................................................. 355 ODBC connection functions ........................................................................... 357 Server options changed by ODBC ................................................................. 361 SQLSetConnectAttr extended connection attributes ................................... 361 Calling ODBC functions from DllMain ........................................................... 363 Ways to execute SQL statements .................................................................. 364 64-bit ODBC considerations ........................................................................... 368 Data alignment requirements ......................................................................... 372 Result sets in ODBC applications .................................................................. 374 Calling stored procedures .............................................................................. 378 ODBC escape syntax ....................................................................................... 380 Error handling in ODBC .................................................................................. 382 Java in the database .......................................................................... 385 Learning about Java in the database ............................................................. 385 Java in the database FAQ ............................................................................... 386 Java error handling ......................................................................................... 388 Creating a Java class for use with SQL Anywhere ...................................... 388 Java VMs .......................................................................................................... 389 Installing the sample Java class .................................................................... 390 The CLASSPATH environment variable ........................................................ 391 Calling methods in the Java class ................................................................. 391 Installing Java classes into a database ......................................................... 393 Special features of Java classes in the database ......................................... 397 Starting and stopping the Java VM ................................................................ 401 Shutdown hooks in the Java VM .................................................................... 401 JDBC support ..................................................................................... 403 JDBC applications ........................................................................................... 403 JDBC drivers .................................................................................................... 404 JDBC program structure ................................................................................. 406 Differences between client- and server-side JDBC connections ................ 406 SQL Anywhere JDBC drivers ......................................................................... 407 iv Copyright © 2012, iAnywhere Solutions, Inc. - SQL Anywhere 12.0.1 SQL Anywhere® Server - Programming The jConnect JDBC driver .............................................................................. 409 Connections from a JDBC client application ................................................ 412 Data access using JDBC ................................................................................. 419 JDBC callbacks ................................................................................................ 427 JDBC escape syntax ....................................................................................... 430 JDBC 3.0/4.0 API support ................................................................................ 434 Embedded SQL .................................................................................. 435 Development process overview ..................................................................... 436 The SQL preprocessor .................................................................................... 437 Supported compilers ....................................................................................... 441 Embedded SQL header files ........................................................................... 441 Import libraries ................................................................................................. 442 Sample embedded SQL program ................................................................... 443 Structure of embedded SQL programs ......................................................... 443 DBLIB dynamic loading under Windows ....................................................... 444 Sample embedded SQL programs ................................................................. 445 Embedded SQL data types ............................................................................. 449 Host variables in embedded SQL ................................................................... 452 The SQL Communication Area (SQLCA) ....................................................... 461 Static and dynamic SQL .................................................................................. 466 The SQL descriptor area (SQLDA) ................................................................