FREE TAROT OF MARSEILLE/TAROT DE MARSELLA/TAROT DE MARSEILLE/TAROT DE MARSEILLE/TAROCCHI DI MARSIGLIA PDF Lo Scarabeo | none | 08 Mar 2007 | Lo Scarabeo | 9780738710266 | English | United States Le Mandala du Tarot : Tarot de Marseille - TIRAGES DE TAROT MÉTHODE PHILIPPE CAMOIN I don't like the name Marseille Tarot because the earliest development of the deck was elsewhere. The name was given in by Paul Marteau to a copy he made of an older deck created in Marseille, and published by the French card maker Grimaud, a company owned by Marteau. Let us compare one of the Grimaud cards with several decks belonging to the Marseille Tarot:. From left to right we have the following decks:. Tarot of Marseille/Tarot de Marsella/Tarot de Marseille/Tarot de Marseille/Tarocchi Di Marsiglia first three cards are pratically the same, with some very small differences, you almost need a magnifying glass to see them. This was common practice to emphasize the reversed position of the Hanged Man. Jaques Vievil Tarot of Marseille/Tarot de Marsella/Tarot de Marseille/Tarot de Marseille/Tarocchi Di Marsiglia this tradition. Many people did not understood the reason of spelling IIX. Nicolas Conver knew evidently the other decks made in Marseille. On the cards, the X stays in the center, the two I's move to the right. Until aroundlike in Tarot of Marseille/Tarot de Marsella/Tarot de Marseille/Tarot de Marseille/Tarocchi Di Marsiglia Roman scriptures, the capital U was written as a V and the capital J was written as an I. Marteau most closely follows Nicolas Conver. Errors on the Conver deck look for example between his upper legs and to the branch where the rope is attached are reproduced in his own deck. In fact he owned a Conver deck, so it is logical that he used this as a model. We also remark that Marteau does not respect the coloring of the cards, there are many differences. Especially the hanging figure has in detail no colors in common with the preceding versions. We will not compare other cards here, but if we did, we would remark on all the cards the same kind of differences. The Grimaud deck is close to Conver, except for the coloring where Marteau follows his own ideas. The Grimaud deck had a tremendous success, people rediscovered the old French Tarot cards. Afterevery card deck produced in France in the same style, was called a Marseille Tarot, even when it was created outside Marseille. We know now that there are older Marseille Tarot type decks who were produced in other cities like Paris, Lyon, Dijon and Avignon. Even if I dislike the name for historical reasons, we will use it for simplicity throughout these pages or we use its abbreviation, TdM. Next question, why describing the development of the Marseille Tarot. Its structure never changed, everybody copied each other. Even if there are differences, they are small. Well, this is not exactly true, there was some development. The cards presented above are all from the same generation, but here are two older generations in France. And except for these three versions of the French Marseille Tarot, we know of similar but older Italian cards and we know also many variants inspired by the same source or by the Marseille Tarot itself elsewhere in France and all over Europe. Let us first define what can be called the Marseille Tarot. The Marseille Tarot is a card deck produced in France that consists of 78 cards divided in 56 suit cards and 22 trump cards. Except for the older cards, the name and the number are indicated in seperate zones, respectively below and above the image. The images on the cards are most of the times a variation on the same theme, with some regional differences. Every suit has 10 pipcards and 4 courtcards. The pipcards have from one to ten symbols and except for the Ace, a card that is never numbered, they can have a Roman number on one or both of their sides. A number inversely printed keeps its value, so for example, IV and VI designate both the number six. We'll come back to this on the page about the Tarot of Marseille/Tarot de Marsella/Tarot de Marseille/Tarot de Marseille/Tarocchi Di Marsiglia cards. The court cards are never numbered, the court has its own rules. The figures on the court cards have always the same pose. The names and numbers of the Trump cards are as follows. Again, spelling differences exists and the space between words is not always respected. Sometimes the space is indicated by a point or more rarely by a vertical line. The numbers on the card don't give them a value, they are only there for clarifying the order of the trumps. The images are always the same, although Death and the Emperor may be mirrored between different decks. Some images have a similar scenery but with differences in details. Card Playing. Tarot Development. The Visconti Sforza deck - 5 suits of 14 cards. Group 1 - Estates of the Realm. Pair 2 - Nobility. Pair 3 - the Clergy. Group 2 - Hardship of Life. The Estensi decks - a trump suit of 22 cards. Group 3 - The Ascent to Light. The Tarot of Marseille. Cousins of the Tarot. The individual Trump cards. The Trumps. The Suit Symbols. The Court Cards. Home Introduction. Dijon Marseille Marseille Marseille Grimaud. Comment Form is loading comments | Tarot of Marseille/Tarot de Marsella/Tarot de Marseille/Tarot de Marseille/Tarocchi Di The Tarot of Marseilles or Tarot of Marseillealso widely known by the French designation Tarot de Marseilleis one of the standard patterns for the design of tarot cards. It is a pattern from which many subsequent tarot decks derive. Michael Dummett 's Tarot of Marseille/Tarot de Marsella/Tarot de Marseille/Tarot de Marseille/Tarocchi Di Marsiglia led him to conclude that based on the lack of earlier documentary evidence the Tarot deck was probably invented in northern Italy in the 15th century and introduced into southern France when the French conquered Milan and the Piedmont in The antecedents of the Tarot de Marseille would then have been introduced into southern France at around that time. The card version of the game of Tarot died out in Italy but survived in France and Switzerland. When the game was reintroduced into northern Italy, the Marseilles designs of the cards were reintroduced with it. All Italian-suited tarot decks outside of Italy are descended from the Milan- Marseilles type with the exception of some early French and Belgian packs which show mixed influence from Bolognese tarot see below. The Tarot de Marseille is one of the standards from which many tarot decks of the 19th Tarot of Marseille/Tarot de Marsella/Tarot de Marseille/Tarot de Marseille/Tarocchi Di Marsiglia and later are derived. The term Tarot de Marseille has, in the past, most often been translated into English as Tarot of Marseilles because of the English exonym Marseilles for the city whose name in French is spelled "Marseille". The spelling Marseille is gradually enjoying greater, concurrent usage in the English language to describe the city generally; likewise, the alternative English translation Tarot of Marseille for the French term Tarot de Marseille is gradually increasing in usage. Others have also tended to use the initials TdM, allowing for ambiguity as to whether the M stands for Marseille or Milana region claimed for the origins of the image design. In deference to the common appellation Marseille for the style and in recognition that the deck appears in other places, the term "Marseille-style" is at times also used. Like other Tarot decks, the Tarot de Marseille contains fifty-six cards in the four standard suits. These count from Ace to There was also an archaic practice of ranking the cards 10 to Ace for the suit of cups and coins in line with all other tarot games outside of Sicily. Occultists and many tarot readers nowadays, whether English- or French-speaking call this series the Minor Arcana or Arcanes Mineuresin French. In the Tarot de Marseille, as is standard among Italian suited playing cards, the pip cards in the suit of swords are drawn as abstract symbols in curved lines, forming a shape reminiscent of a mandorla. On the even numbered cards, the abstract curved lines are all that is present. On the odd numbered cards, a single fully rendered sword is rendered inside the abstract designs. The suit of batons is drawn as straight objects that cross to form a lattice in the higher numbers; on odd numbered baton cards, a single vertical baton runs through the middle of the lattice. On the tens of both swords and batons, two fully rendered objects appear imposed on the abstract designs. In this abstraction, the Tarot, and the Italian playing cards tradition, diverges from that of Spanish playing cardsin which swords and batons are drawn as distinct objects. Cups and coins are drawn as distinct objects. Most decks fill up blank areas of the cards with floral decorations. The two of cups typically contains a floral caduceus -like symbol terminating in two heraldic dolphin heads. The two of coins usually joins the two coins by a ribbon motif; the ribbon is a conventional place for the manufacturer to include his name and the date. There is also a suit of twenty-two atouts trump cards. The Fool, which is unnumbered in the Tarot de Marseille, is viewed as separate and additional to the other twenty-one numbered trumps because it usually cannot win a trick.