REPUBLIC OF NIGER PRIME MINISTER’S OFFICE PRS PERMANENT SECRETARIAT Poverty Reduction Strategy, Second Generation Fraternity, Work, Progress “Combating Poverty, a Challenge for All” AACCCCEELLEERRAATTEEDD DDEEVVEELLOOPPMMEENNTT AANNDD PPOOVVEERRTTYY RREEDDUUCCTTIIOONN SSTTRRAATTEEGGYY 22000088 –– 22001122 August 2007 Niger _ Accelerated Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy 2008 - 2012 2 Niger _ Accelerated Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy 2008 - 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD.............................................................................................................................................................................. 9 INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................................................... 15 1. PART ONE: STRATEGIC DIAGNOSIS OF POVERTY ..................................................................................................... 17 I.1. DEFINITIONS AND MEASUREMENT OF POVERTY ............................................................................................17 I.2. POVERTY PROFILE ..........................................................................................................................................18 1.2.1. Scope of Poverty ....................................................................................................................................18 1.2.3. Trend of Incidence of Poverty in Niger.................................................................................................19 1.2.4. Territorial Distribution of Poverty........................................................................................................19 1.2.5. Characteristics of Poverty in Niger ......................................................................................................21 1.2.6.) Perception of Results of PRS Implementation bythe Populations ......................................................23 I.3. ANALYSIS OF ROOT CAUSES AND KEY FACTORS OF POVERTY......................................................................23 I.3.1. Economic Growth and Poverty..............................................................................................................24 I.3.2. Access to Social Services and Poverty...................................................................................................33 I.3.3. Population and Poverty..........................................................................................................................47 I.3.4. Inequalities, vulnerabilities and poverty ...............................................................................................49 I.3.5. Infrastructures and poverty....................................................................................................................59 I.3.6. Governance and Poverty........................................................................................................................62 I.3.7.Factors limiting the implementation of the Poverty Reduction Strategy..............................................66 I.4. NIGER’S CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES .......................................................................................................70 1.4.1. Constraints and threats .........................................................................................................................70 1.4.2. Niger’s Resources and Opportunities ...................................................................................................71 I.5. SCENARIOS OF THE FUTURE............................................................................................................................72 2. PART TWO: VISION, OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIC ORIENTATIONS ..................................................................... 74 II.1. MAJOR CHALLENGES.....................................................................................................................................74 II.2. VISION AND OVERALL GOALS IN 2015..........................................................................................................75 II.3. STRATEGIES FOR POVERTY REDUCTION AND MDG ACHIEVEMENT ............................................................79 2.3.1. Search for strong, diversified, sustainable and job-creating growth...................................................79 2.3.2. Equitable access to quality social services...........................................................................................87 2.3.3. Control of population growth................................................................................................................97 2.3.4. Reduction of inequalities and strengthening of social protection for vulnerable groups....................98 2.3.5. Infrastructure Development.................................................................................................................102 2.3. 6. Promotion of good governance..........................................................................................................105 2.3.7. Effective implementation of DPRS .....................................................................................................108 3. CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................................................. 121 BIBLIOGRAPHY.................................................................................................................................................................... 123 List of Boxes Box 1: Some Spill-over Effects of Poverty................................................................................................................................ 17 Box 2: Poverty Indicators .........................................................................................................................................................18 Box 3: Population’s Perception of the Special Programme of the President of the Republic (PS/PR) .................................... 23 Box 4: Progress made by Niger in Achievement of some MDGs............................................................................................. 47 Box 5: Potential Impacts of Population Growth........................................................................................................................ 49 Box 6: Growth, Inequalities and Poverty .................................................................................................................................. 50 Box 7: Child Workers................................................................................................................................................................ 54 Box 8: Importance of Child Protection in Achievement of MDGs............................................................................................. 55 Box 9: Analysis of Biophysical Risks........................................................................................................................................ 57 Box 10: The WAEMU Regional Economie Programme ......................................................................................................... 104 Box 11: The importance of the Quality of Service to Poor People ......................................................................................... 113 List of Charts Chart 1: Incidence of Poverty by Area of Residence................................................................................................................ 20 Chart 2: Incidence of Poverty accoding to Size of Household ................................................................................................. 21 Chart 3: Gross Enrolment Rate (GER) according to Gender ................................................................................................... 34 Chart 4: Evolution of Mortality rate for Children below five years............................................................................................. 38 Chart 5: Trend of Access to Electricity between 1988 and 2006.............................................................................................. 45 3 Niger _ Accelerated Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy 2008 - 2012 Chart 6: Reduced Amounts under HIPCI and MDRI (in US$ million)....................................................................................... 67 List of Figures Figure 1 : Conceptual Framework for the MDG-based-ADPRS............................................................................................... 78 Figure 2: Overall Structure of the Institutional and Operational Functioning of the ADPRS Monitoring-evaluatioon Mechanism ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 118 list of Tables Table 1: Summary Status of Key MDG Indicators in Niger ...................................................................................................... 14 Table 2: Breakdown of Poverty Status by Geographical Area in 2005 .................................................................................... 20 Table 3: Poverty by level of Education of Head of Household in Niger.................................................................................... 22 Table 4: Employement Status of Head of Household and Poverty .........................................................................................