Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 61 (1) 3-15 (1991) SPB Academie Publishing bv, The Hague Some species of Tropocyclops (Crustacea, Copepoda) from Brazil, with a key to the American species Janet W. Reid Department of Invertebrate Zoology, NHB-163, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20560, U.S.A. Brazil Keywords: Taxonomy, Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Tropocyclops, new species, Abstract personal collections from wetlands and ponds in Amazonia and the central Brazilian highlands Collections from the Brazilian Planalto and Amazon regions (Planalto), there occurred several species of cyclopoid copepod contained several species of the genus Tropocyclops. Many populations accorded well Tropocyclops. The morphology of T. schubarti is discussed; with T. prasinus meridionalis (Kiefer, 1931), the new records of this species extend its known distribution west- common planktonic South American subspecies ward to the Brazilian Amazon and central highlands. Morpho- and those records are not listed here. logical characteristics of some populations of the T. prasinus- (Reid, 1985), T. group are most similar to prasinus mexicanus and T. prasinus Much material was referable to T. schubarti (Kie- s. str. Tropocyclopsfederensis n. sp. and T. nananaen. sp. are fer, 1935), although morphological characteristics described from the Distrito Federal. A key and chart are provid- of differ from some populations previous reports. ed for the identification of species of Tropocyclops recorded The morphology of some populations, members of from the Americas. the T. prasinus-complex, does not fit with T. p. meridonalis, and is discussed. The new species T. federensis and T. nananae are described from Résumé several bodies of water in the Distrito Federal. A key and chart are provided for identificationof the Des échantillons prélevés dans les régions du Planalto brésilien American species of the et de l’Amazonie contiennent plusieurs espèces du genre de genus. Copépodes Cyclopoïdes Tropocyclops. On discute la mor- phologie de T. schubarti; de nouvelles captures de cette espèce permettent d’étendre du côté ouestson aréal connuen Amazonie Taxonomi c section du Brésil et dans les hauts plateaux du centre du pays. Par leurs particularités morphologiques certaines populations du groupe Tropocyclops schubarti (Kiefer, de T. prasinus se rapprochentbeaucoup de T. prasinus mexica- 1935) nus et de T. prasinus s. str. On décrit T. federensis n. sp. et T. (Figs. 1-4; Table 1) nananaen. sp. du Distrito Federal. On donne une clé et un tableau pour la détermination des espèces de Tropocyclops con- Material. - Col. E.N.S. Silva, 8 9 9 , 5 er er , 4 copepodids, un- nues des Amériques. and 1 dissected on all from Balbina dissected, 9 > slide, Lago I, State of Amazonas (AM), 02°00'S 60°20'W, 24 Feb. 1986, United States National Museum (USNM) 242450. Sample 94, 39 9 9 16 er er , small in leaf litter forest floor in Mato Introduction , puddle on Grosso about 135 km N.E. of Vilhena, Rondônia, about U°S 59°W, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Säo Paulo In a collection of cyclopoid copepods from 2 (MZUSP) 9717; 9 9 5 er er, 3 copepodids, sample96, back- , Brazilian Amazonia which was sent to me for iden- water of unnamed river near site of sample 94, USNM 242221; tification by Mestre Barbara and in 10 9 9> 4 er er 9 backwater of Robertson, my , copepodids, sample 98, tiny Downloaded from Brill.com09/28/2021 02:48:41AM via free access 4 J. W. Reid - Some species of Tropocyclops (Crustacea, Copepoda) from Brazil Table I. Measurements of females of Tropocyclopsschubarti from Brazil (units in μm; L = length, W = width; i = inner, o = outer). 3 Body Caudal ramus Caudal ramus, setae Leg 4 endopodite length L:W/ratio L:W dorsal i-o terminal L:W/ratio L:W i:o terminal spine i spine:L article Balbina Lago I, Amazonas 720 45:20/2.25:1 65 60:305:235:56 42:16/2.6:1 84:42 2.0:1 700 37:19/1.95:1 63 66:260:180:50 40:14/2.8:1 82:42 2.0:1 750 42:19/2.21:1 70 67:356:220:48 41:16/2.6:1 82:37 2.0:1 Mato Grosso 712 32:19/1.7:1 61 64:348:208:46 35:15/2.3:1 66:32 1.9:1 564 33:15/2.2:1 50 45:260:144:36 28:12/2.3:1 57:25 2.0:1 592 38:16/2.4:1 45 42:272:136:36 28:13/2.1:1 60:23 2.1:1 Distrito Federal 660 43:18/2.4:1 38 42:192:120:29 34:13/2.6:1 65:22 1.9:1 516 33:16/2.0:1 27 36:256:128:23 32:12/2.6:1 58:28 1.8:1 552 32:18/1.8:1 32 32:264:128:22 33:13/2.5:1 62:28 1.9:1 of T. schubarti all these brook running over leaf litter near site of sample 94, USNM teristics shared by individ- 242222; 1 9 , sample 99, small pool on tiny trickle leadinginto uals are the insertion of the dorsal caudal seta at the 4 river near site of sample 94, USNM 242223; 5 9 9 , CT CT, 3 same level or only slightly posterior to the level of copepodids, sample 100, woodland puddle near site of sample insertion of the lateral seta, and the two groups of 94, USNM 242224; all col. June 1980 by A.E. Mill. Sample 107, hairs of the of very long on the margin coupler leg 1 CT , pool in riverbed at confluence of Córregos Conceiçào and Brejo, Goiâs (GO), 15°21 '30"S 47°23'07"W, 13 July 1980, 4. The present specimens have in addition a single USNM 1 9 1 CT, 1 Rio 242225; , copepodid, sample 108, Capim row of small hairs on the posterior surface of the leg Puba, GO, 15°25'53"S 47°22'26"W, 13 May 1980, USNM 4 coupler. 242226; 7 9 9 2 CTCT, sample 122, marsh, Estaçâo Florestal , Most of the females differ from Kiefer's and Cabeçado Veado, Distrito Federal (DF), 27 Aug. 1980, col. l.G. Herbst's in slender caudal USNM descriptions having more Torres-Pereira, 242227; 8 9 9.3 CTCT, sample 122, MZUSP 9718; 1 9,1 copepodid, sample 138, Córrego Rajadin- rami, although the caudal rami of some females ha, DF, 15°44' 15" S 47°39'40"W, 25 May 1981, USNM from Mato Grosso are only 1.7 times longer than 242228; 2 CT CT, 5 copepodids, sample 151, Rio Ituxi, near ham- broad (Table I), as stout as those from Sâo Paulo let of Floresta, AM, 2 July 1981, col. A.B. Bosworth, USNM described by Herbst. The innermost terminal cau- 242229; 1 CT, dissected on slide, sample 140, Lago Paranoâ, DF, dal setae in most specimens are not markedly longer 19 June 1981, USNM 242230. Numbered samples are from the than the Kiefer noted that the author's collection, and were taken by the author unless other- outermost, although B. wise noted. Unnumbered samples were sent by Robertson. ratio was about 2:1. In only one population, speci- Unmounted specimens are preserved in 70% ethanol. mens from sample 122, are the outer terminal crossed the in- spines of the leg 4 endopodite 3 over feature noted both Kiefer and Herbst. ner, a by Female. - Specimens from the Amazon and the Morphological characters not mentioned by central highlands (Figs. 1-4, Table I) agree in Kieferand Herbst otherwise coincidewith Gurney's with the general diagnosis of Tropocyclops (1933) description of T. prasinus s. str. (Fischer, schubarti as originally described from Pernambuco 1860), except in a few respects. Antenna articles 1 Kiefer and by (1935), subsequently elaborated by and 2 are distinct. The leg 1 coupler is withoutorna- Herbst (1959) from two specimens from Sào Paulo, ment. The couplers of legs 2 and 3 are ornamented particularly in the general proportions of leg 4 en- similarly to that of leg 4, except the marginal hairs dopodite 3 and its terminal spines. Peculiar charac- are somewhat shorter. Downloaded from Brill.com09/28/2021 02:48:41AM via free access Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 61 (1) - 1991 5 Figs. 1-4. Tropocyclops schubarti (Kiefer, 1935), from Balbina, Amazonas: 1, caudal rami, dorsal; 2, leg 4 endopodite 3; 3, leg 4 coupler; 4, leg 5. Figs. 5-12. Tropocyclops prasinus (Fischer, 1860), s. lat., from Balbina, Amazonas: 5, habitus, dorsal; 6, caudal rami, dorsal; 7, 4 genital segment and leg 5, ventral; 8, antenna articles 1-2; 9, leg 1 coupler; 10, leg 3 coupler; 11, leg 4 coupler; 12, leg endopodite 3. 4 figures Fig. 13. Tropocyclops prasinus s. lat., from sample 137, Distrito Federal, leg coupler. (Scale refers to Fig. 5 only; remaining not to same scale.) Downloaded from Brill.com09/28/2021 02:48:41AM via free access 6 J. W. Reid - Some species of Tropocyclops (Crustacea, Copepoda) from Brazil - lat. Male. Lengths 0.48-0.50 mm. Similar to Tropocyclops prasinus (Fischer, 1860) s. description of Kiefer (1935). Color of formalin-preserved specimens of both a. Populations from Balbina, Amazonas sexes light brown. (Figs. 5-12; Table II) Material. - More than 200 Ç Ç er undissected, , cr, copepodids, and 2 9 9, each dissected on slide, Balbina Lago I, 24 Feb. Discussion. - Kiefer (1935) based his diagnosis of 1986, USNM 242451; 16 9 9 , 8 o* cr, 34 copepodids, undissect- T. schubarti on a comparison to T. prasinus meridi- and 1 9 dissected on Balbina 8 Mar.