HISTORIC GLENELG A self-guided walk Welcome to Glenelg. For thousands of years Pathawilyangga (Glenelg) was a place where the Kaurna people of the Adelaide Plains could seek refuge from summer heat; an area of abundant plant and animal resources, and a meeting place for celebration, ceremony and trade. In October 1836, eight ships arrived in South Australia, landing first at Kangaroo Island, southwest of Adelaide. Amongst them was The Rapid carrying Colonel William Light, and The Cygnet. Their mission was to survey the South Australian coast in hope of seeking an ideal place for settlement. This arrival would signal a new chapter for the Kaurna people and Glenelg. Read more about this in Kaurna yart-ana, Holdfast Bay’s Cultural Map. Whilst The Rapid stood off-shore near the mouth of the Patawalonga, a gale sprang up. Fearing the worst, relief came when the anchor held. Consequently, Light named the harbour with good anchorage, ‘Holdfast Bay’. With its surrounding rich country and fresh water lagoons the area appealed to Light as an ideal place for settlement. Following Light’s decision, the remaining ships set sail for the mainland. By the time The Buffalo arrived on 28 December 1836 - Proclamation Day, there was already a village of tents, huts and temporary shelters. In 1839, the township was named ’Glenelg’ in honour of Lord Glenelg, Secretary of State for the colonies. From a settlement that began in tents and prefabricated huts, Glenelg developed into South Australia’s leading seaside destination. Walk duration is 1 hour. Flick to the map at the back of this brochure to help assist you with your walk. BEGIN YOUR WALK AT THE GLENELG TOWN HALL, MOSELEY SQUARE. Please respect the privacy of all homes along the way. additional properties of interest Cover Image: View of Glenelg from the Jetty in 1905 SLSA B72442 01 GLENELG TOWN HALL 1877 MOSELEY SQUARE Originally known as the Glenelg Institute, the building was designed by Edmund Wright, architect and former Mayor of Adelaide. The foundation stone was laid on 11 December 1875 by Sir Henry Ayers and the Institute formally opened in 1877. There was a grand main entrance on the western frontage and a tower to take in the panoramic view of the ocean and surrounds. A cupola (rounded dome atop the tower) was later added to house the clock donated by Mayor Thomas King in 1884. In 1887 the building became the Glenelg Town Hall. Wander through the Bay Discovery Centre museum, housed within the Town Hall, to learn more about the history of Holdfast Bay. Glenelg Town Hall prior to the cupola being added, circa 1882 PH-GL-0445 CONTINUE WEST TO THE GLENELG JETTY. 02 GLENELG JETTY 1 8 5 9 , 1 9 6 9 MOSELEY SQUARE The first Glenelg Jetty was 381 metres long with a T-head and wooden lighthouse. This section was destroyed by fire in 1873. In 1906 a three-storey pavilion was added at the end of the jetty and railway tracks were laid along its length to service coastal shipping. An aquarium was built in 1929, showcasing fish, sea lions and sharks. In 1948 a major storm swept through Holdfast Bay, destroying the jetty and leaving just the pavilion and aquarium, they were later removed. In 1969 the current, much shorter jetty was constructed. The stranded Glenelg Pavilion and Aquarium after the 1948 storm PH-GL-1023 WALK EAST TOWARD THE PIONEER MEMORIAL. 03 PIONEER MEMORIAL 1936 MOSELEY SQUARE Built to commemorate the centenary of the foundation of South Australia and to honour the first European settlers, the Pioneer memorial is topped by a sculpture of the HMS Buffalo that brought the State’s first governor, John Hindmarsh, to South Australia. Look closely at the carvings to see representations of South Australia’s earliest pioneers. Designed by architect Gordon Beaumont Smith, it is constructed of Kapunda marble on a base of Murray Bridge granite. The Latin phrase on the southern face reads; ‘Si Monumentum Requiris Circumspice’ which translates to; ‘If you seek a memorial, look around you’. The stranded Glenelg Pavilion and Aquarium after the 1948 storm PH-GL-1023 The Pioneer Memorial with the Glenelg Jetty in the background, 1936 PH-GL-0484 CONTINUE EAST TO THE TOP OF THE STAIRS IN MOSELEY SQUARE. STOPS 04 AND 05 CAN BE VIEWED HERE. 04 STAMFORD GRAND HOTEL 1 8 5 6 , 1 9 1 2 , 1 9 9 0 MOSELEY SQUARE In the southwest corner of Moseley Square builder, hotelier, entrepreneur and councillor Henry Moseley built the Pier Hotel. Moseley Square, the bustling heart of Glenelg, is aptly named after him. Some fifty years later, the original Pier Hotel was demolished and a three storey building with elegant balconies and verandahs was erected. To make way for the Stamford Grand Hotel, this second incarnation was also demolished. Today, the northern and western facades take inspiration from the Victorian architecture of the first hotel. Celebrations in Moseley Square during the Royal Visit. Pier Hotel is pictured on left, 1901 PH-GL-0933 REMAIN AT THE STAIRS. 05 GLENELG TRAM TERMINUS 1873 MOSELEY SQUARE Glenelg has a long association with trains and trams. At the current location of Tram Stop 17 in Moseley Square the Adelaide to Glenelg Railway opened. This service continued until 1929 when the H-type Tram, affectionately known to locals as the ‘Red-Rattlers’, were introduced. They ran until 2007 when they were replaced by the trams you see today. Visit Wigley Reserve, Glenelg along the banks of the Patawalonga to see one of the old H-Type trams. The first H-type tram enters Moseley Square to much fanfare in 1929. Jetty Road looking East. PH-GL-1216 CONTINUE TO THE NORTHEAST CORNER OF MOSELEY SQUARE. 06 POST OFFICE 1 8 5 9 , 1 9 1 1 15 MOSELEY SQUARE The State Heritage-listed old Glenelg Post Office occupies the site of the first telegraph station in Glenelg. To the west of the post office and retaining much of its original Victorian style façade is the postmaster’s residence. Also note the old Victorian post box on the eastern side of the building. Between the Glenelg Town Hall and the Post Office there have been many businesses and buildings which have come and gone. These include the old Glenelg Railway Station, Police Station, Court House, an open air theatre and the Rendezvous Café which had a dance floor and roller-skating rink. Glenelg Post Office, 1911 PH-GL-0383 CROSS THE PEDESTRIAN CROSSING TO THE CORNER OF COLLEY TERRACE AND JETTY ROAD. 07 JETTY HOTEL 1869 28 JETTY ROAD On the opposite side of Jetty Road to where you are standing is the Jetty Hotel a popular local watering hole first licensed by James Cornick. In the late 19th Century the hotel offered ‘superior accommodation’ with ‘every comfort and luxury’. Between 1928 and 2000 it was known as, “the Hotel St Vincent’’. In the 1940s the Hotel marketed itself as being ‘at the heart of things,’ and the place to dine in Glenelg. Its ornate iron balconies are long gone, replaced with a modernised Art Deco frontage. Glenelg Post Office, 1911 PH-GL-0383 The Corner of Jetty Road and Colley Terrace. The Jetty Hotel is pictured right, circa 1906 PH-GL-0334 CONTINUE EAST ALONG JETTY ROAD ON THE NORTHERN FOOTPATH AND STOP AT NUMBER 33A OPPOSITE STOP 08. 08 RYANS EMPORIUM 1914 46 JETTY ROAD In 1914, W.T. Ryan purchased number 46 from Mr. F. J. Summers, a stationer. Ryan renovated the premises adding innovative shop fronts and windows with state of the art lighting displays. Ryans Emporium quickly became a Glenelg institution and the largest of its kind outside of the city. The Emporium operated in this space for some sixty years, eventually taking over the premises at 42 Jetty Road. Look for the façade of the upper level of Ryans that is still intact, including the original marquee sign. Next door, to the east, is the Jackman building. Jackman & Treloar, ‘Seaside and Suburban Real Estate Specialists’, operated here from the 1940s onward. The company played a key role in the expansion of Adelaide. Ryans Emporium at night, 1939 PH-GL-1647 CONTINUE EAST ALONG JETTY ROAD ON THE NORTHERN FOOTPATH TO VIEW STOP 09 OPPOSITE NILE STREET. 09 ST ANDREW’S BY THE SEA 1859, 1880 92 JETTY ROAD The original Congregational Church was constructed in the Gothic style with a steep roof and timbered ceiling. As the congregation grew, a larger church was needed. On 27 October 1879, the foundation stone of the present church, on the corner of Chapel Street and Jetty Road was laid. National Heritage Listed; St Andrew’s was designed by architect Daniel Garlick. The external front elevation was designed in the Italian style and the Corinthian order (one of three main classical orders of ancient Greek and Roman architecture). The church was completed and opened for services on Sunday 19 September 1880. View of Jetty Road looking West with the original Congregational Church pictured left, Ryans Emporium at night, 1939 PH-GL-1647 circa 1873 PH-GL-1090 CONTINUE EAST ALONG JETTY ROAD ON THE NORTHERN FOOTPATH. STOP AT NUMBER 79. 10 SAVINGS BANK OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA 1922 79 JETTY ROAD In 1876, an agency of the Savings Bank of South Australia was opened in Glenelg. By 1922 the premises at number 79 had been constructed to the design of Cowell & Cowell Architects, in the style of the French Renaissance. The scale and ornateness of the bank reflects the prosperity of Glenelg during the early 1920s.