47 Barid @ Diversity of Shrub Plants … Diversity of Shrub Plants in Kapas Biru Waterfall Lumajang District of East Java Barid Firdausy1, Pujiastuti2, Siti Murdiyah3 1Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Jember email: [email protected] 2Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Jember ABSTRACT The high diversity of plant species makes the Kapas Biru Waterfall a suitable area of tourism, research and other related activities. The plant species in this area are mostly seed plants and shrub. The shrub is a tree-like plant but with shorter and smaller main stem. The woody stems alsobranching near the surface of the soil. The aim of this research was to find out the species of shrub plants in the area of Kapas Biru Waterfall. This descriptive explorative research was conducted to systematically, factually and accurately describe and interpret the data of shrub seed plants in the area of Kapas Biru Waterfall. The study was conducted from April to May 2017. The research design included the selection of research sites, sampling and drawing, and plant identification stages.Samples were collected using total explore sampling method. Research result showed that there are 562 shrub plants in Kapas Biru Waterfall. They consist of 19 species incorporated in 11 families. Those family are Asparagaceae, Rutaceae, Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Oleaceae, Arecaceae, Verbenaceae, Rubiaceae, Melastomataceae, Solanaceae, and Araliaceae. Keywords: Identifying, Kapas Biru, Shrub plants INTRODUCTION invasion. [13] There is a serious effort in Indonesia is located in an equatorial maintaining and preserving the diversity region that has a unique type of tropical available so as not to become extinct. [16] rainforest, and is one of the world's richest One effort to preserve the diversity of plants diverse plant species. About 40,000 species is through inventory and identification. of flora are grown in the world, 30 thousand The konowledge of diversity is one of of which are grown in Indonesia, and 10% the basic conservation efforts, so if of the world's flowering plant species are diversity is maintained today and in the grown in Indonesia [9] [23]. About 26% future, and the sustainability of diversity from that amount is cultivated plant species functions is maintained. Based on IUCN and the remaining 74% are wild vegetation data, the amount of plant diversity is in the forest [11]. The rich diverse plants constantly changing from year to year, from happens because the natural conditions of one place to another, and tends to decline. Indonesia are different from one island to Based on these facts it is very important to another island, even from one place to know the biodiversity. One of the areas in another place in the same island. A blend of Indonesia that has an ecosystem with a high unique biological resources and living diversity of plants, namely in the area of spaces will cultivate a variety of Kapas Biru waterfall. Blue cotton waterfall ecosystems, presenting the specificity in the is located in District Pronojiwo Lumajang life of the species they contain. [8] East Java Province. The area of the Blue Indonesia is also a country with high Cotton waterfall lies in the position of 7 ° levels of biodiversity vulnerability. LIPI's 52 's to 8 ° 23' South Latitude and 112 ° 50 Deputy of Life Sciences (IPH), describes 's to 113 ° 22' East Longitude. Boundary of 393 species of endangered Indonesian Kapas Biru waterfall area, north of Mount plants based on data disclosed by the Semeru, east of Candipuro District, south of International Union for Conservation of Tempursari District and west of Malang Nature (IUCN). In addition to agriculture Regency. kapas Biru Waterfall area is 35 and urbanization, threats also come from km from downtown Lumajang and 50 km logging and crop cutting and invasive plant from Malang city [4]. The height of the Bioedukasi Vol. XVI. No.1 April 2018 Received 22 Maret 2018 | Received in revised form 5 April 2018 | Accepted 22 April 2018 | Published online 31 April 2018 48 Barid @ Diversity of Shrub Plants … waterfall area, which is 521 meters above Given the supportive natural conditions, the sea level. This area also has a fairly high high diversity of plant species and their rainfall, which has an average number of preserved authenticity has the potential to dry months 3 months in 1 year, so the area be utilized as a source of learning while is classified into wet climates [17]. maintaining its sustainability [4]. Environmental factors and adequate Environmental conditions created are climate make this area into one of the green supported by the many species of plants. areas in Lumajang Regency. Blue cotton One component in the vegetation waterfall area is one of the new tourist community is the lower plants. The lower attraction in the district Pronojiwo. Tourism plants consist of all types of basic area which has an area of about 38 ha, was vegetation found under forest stands except opened in July 2015, until in september for young trees. Most of these plant groups 2016. Kapas Biru waterfall area established are seed plants with shrubs habitus. The and managed by the government with the shrubby plant is a tree-like plant but with a cooperation of Forest Proponition Unit short, smaller stem, woody stem, and (KPH) Probolinggo area, as a tourist area branching near the ground [2] [24]. and conservation areas [5]. Integrated efforts to manage and conserve The high diversity of plant species shrubs are still not visible. Based on makes the Kapas Biru Waterfall Area as a preliminary observations, with large suitable area in supporting tourism, quantities and high biodiversity, the research and other related activities. The biodiversity potential for shruby habitation results of initial observations found a seed plants is not widely known because of variety of plant species in this area. In the the lack of research and inventory of flora, observed plant type area include several so that the ecological and economic value plants with tree habitat, habitable groves of vegetation has not been well identified covering the species of asoka, jasmine, [29] . beluntas and several species of moss and In the process of data collection of fern plants. In the area of the path, the plant diversity is needed an identification vegetation includes a tree-like plant, a process, one of them with the use of vegetation that includes terna plants and scientific name. Identification activity is the shrubs, and fern and moss plants that attach determination of plant identity, that is greatly to the walls of walkways and cliffs. determining the correct plant name and its The shruby habitus plant observed in this proper place in the classification system. area is one of the most prominent plant The identification activity aims to find species and puring plant in this area. common ground, since the scientific name, Plants in the area around the waterfall is the name of the international standard [7]. observed by researchers are fern and moss Plants to be identified are likely to be plants are quite a lot on the rocks and cliffs unknown to the world of science, so the around the waterfall, some plants with tree new name determination, or the level of its habitus, and plants that cover the plants and taxon, must follow the rules contained in shrubs terna. Plants with shrub habitus the KITT (International Code of Plant observed in this area are amethyst species Nation). Recognized plants can be and 3 other unidentified plant species. The identified through plant experts, specimens, head of the Forest Pruning Resort (KRPH) herbaria, flora books, or key determinations Pronojiwo once conducted a data collection [10]. of plants in the waterfall area, but only on the tree vegetation, ie there are 12 species RESEARCH METHOD of trees present in this waterfall area, while Types of research for vegetation plants with shrub habitus has This research includes descriptive not been done data collection of diversity. explorative research. This descriptive Bioedukasi Vol. XVI. No.1 April 2018 Received 22 Maret 2018 | Received in revised form 5 April 2018 | Accepted 22 April 2018 | Published online 31 April 2018 49 Barid @ Diversity of Shrub Plants … method describes the condition of the Tjitrosoepomo, 2007; An Introduction to object of study in accordance with the Taxonomy of Angiosperms: Priti Shukla, circumstances found or observed in the 1997; Native Tree, Shrub, and Herbaceous field. The result is a detailed description of Plant Identification: Ronald L Alves, 2014 the object under study and described and Flora for Schools in Indonesia: systematically, factually and accurately. C.G.G.J. van Steenis, 2013. Materials used While the explorative method is a direct in this study include: species of shrubbed research into the field to dig the data habitation seed plants. without testing the concept on the reality Sampling Method under study. The sampling method consists of sampling and drawing. Sample retrieval Place and time of research method is using roaming method which is Identification of hollow shrub seed done by walking down the research location plants was conducted in April 2017 to May or exploring per research area 2017. The location of the research was conducted in the area of Kapas Biru RESULT AND DISCUSSION Waterfall of Pronojiwo Sub-district, The study was conducted in the Lumajang Regency, East Java Province. area of Blue Cotton Waterfall from April to Sampling is done on 3 locations in the area May 2017 obtained by 19 samples of plants. of the parking lot, the path to the waterfall, Table 2 Data of shrub plants of Kapas Biru the area under the waterfall. If the samples Waterfall Area. Identification of 19 are found to have difficulties or can not be samples was conducted on observation day.