DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Slope............................................................................8 Basins and channels. ...................................................8 Features in Indiana. .....................................................8 MONOGRAPHS Composition of the outwash.........................................9 Intermorainic gravel plain. ............................................9 OF THE Kalamazoo Valley. .....................................................10 United States Geological Survey Inner border. ..........................................................10 Interpretation..............................................................10 VOLUME LIII Kendall moraine. ........................................................11 Withdrawal of the ice..................................................11 Glacial drainage. ........................................................11 Lake Michigan-Saginaw interlobate tract. ....................12 Distribution.............................................................12 Topography. ..........................................................12 Altitude. ......................................................................12 Relief..........................................................................12 Character. ..................................................................12 WASHINGTON Structure of the drift. ..............................................13 GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE Thickness...................................................................13 1915 Composition. ..............................................................14 Bowlders. ...................................................................14 UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Glacial drainage.....................................................15 GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director Kalamazoo morainic system of the Saginaw lobe. ......15 Course and distribution..........................................15 Topography. ..........................................................15 THE Altitude. ......................................................................15 PLEISTOCENE OF INDIANA AND MICHIGAN Relief..........................................................................16 AND THE Character. ..................................................................16 Structure of the drift. ..............................................16 HISTORY OF THE GREAT LAKES Composition. ..............................................................16 Bowlders. ...................................................................16 BY Thickness...................................................................16 FRANK LEVERETT Inner border. ..........................................................17 AND General character. .....................................................17 FRANK B. TAYLOR Rives esker chain.......................................................17 Walton esker chain.....................................................18 Small eskers...............................................................19 Outwash.................................................................19 Distribution and character. .........................................19 Border drainage. ........................................................19 Thickness...................................................................20 Interlocking moraines of the Saginaw and Huron-Erie lobes in southeastern Michigan....................................20 WASHINGTON Distribution and character......................................20 GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1915 Topography. ..........................................................22 Structure of the drift. ..............................................22 Thickness...................................................................22 Composition. ..............................................................23 CONTENTS. Bowlders. ...................................................................23 Chapter IX. Morainic systems at heads of Lake Glacial drainage.....................................................23 Till plains................................................................24 Michigan and Saginaw basins, by Frank Leverett ............ 4 Eskers....................................................................25 Kalamazoo morainic system of Lake Michigan lobe. .... 4 Character and distribution. .........................................25 Erroneous correlation...............................................4 Lima esker. ................................................................25 Course and distribution............................................5 Ackerson esker. .........................................................25 Topography..............................................................5 Charlotte morainic system of the Saginaw lobe...........26 Altitude. ........................................................................5 Course and distribution..........................................26 Relief. ...........................................................................6 Topography. ..........................................................26 Character......................................................................6 Structure of the drift. ..............................................27 Structure of the drift. ................................................6 Outer border drainage. ..........................................28 Composition. ................................................................6 Inner border. ..........................................................29 Thickness. ....................................................................7 General character. .....................................................29 Outwash...................................................................8 Distribution of eskers..................................................29 Distribution in Michigan. ...............................................8 Charlotte esker...........................................................29 Monographs of the USGS Vol. LIII – Chapters 9-13 – Page 1 of 131 Mason esker...............................................................30 Portland moraine........................................................53 Williamston-Dansville esker system. ..........................31 Lyons moraine............................................................53 Leroy Township esker. ...............................................32 Fowler moraine. .........................................................53 Esker system of western Livingston and eastern St. Johns moraine. .....................................................53 Ingham counties. ........................................................33 Flint moraine, bowldery belt, and Otisville moraine. ...53 Iosco esker. ................................................................33 Owosso moraine. .......................................................54 Oak Grove-Howell-Chilson esker system...................33 Henderson moraine....................................................55 Hartland esker. ...........................................................34 West Haven moraine..................................................55 Pseudo-eskers. ..........................................................34 Chesaning moraine. ...................................................55 Valparaiso morainic system of the Lake Michigan lobe.34 Moraine north of Chesaning.......................................55 Course and distribution..........................................35 Overlapping of the earlier moraines of the deployed group..........................................................................55 Topography............................................................35 Topography. ..........................................................56 Altitude. ......................................................................35 Relief. .........................................................................36 Altitude. ......................................................................56 Character....................................................................36 Relief..........................................................................57 Character. ..................................................................57 Structure of the drift. ..............................................37 Structure of the drift. ..............................................57 Thickness. ..................................................................37 Composition. ..............................................................37 Thickness...................................................................57 Bowlders.....................................................................37 Composition. ..............................................................57 Outwash.................................................................38 Associated till plains. .............................................58 Drainage. ...............................................................38 Eskers. .........................................................................58 Buried Mason esker. ..................................................58 Chapter X. Later moraines of the Lake Michigan, Thread River esker.....................................................59 Saginaw, and Huron-Erie lobes ...................................... 39 Thetford esker............................................................59