SMA Bluetooth® Wireless Technology Technical Description BT-TUS110612 | Version 1.2 US SMA Solar Technology AG Copyright © 2009 SMA America, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photographic, magnetic or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SMA America, Inc. SMA America makes no representations, express or implied, with respect to this documentation or any of the equipment and/or software it may describe, including (with no limitation) any implied warranties of utility, merchantability, or fitness for any particular purpose. All such warranties are expressly disclaimed. Neither SMA America nor its distributors or dealers shall be liable for any indirect, incidental, or consequential damages under any circumstances. (The exclusion of implied warranties may not apply in all cases under some statutes, and thus the above exclusion may not apply.) Specifications are subject to change without notice. Every attempt has been made to make this document complete, accurate and up-to-date. Readers are cautioned, however, that SMA America reserves the right to make changes without notice and shall not be responsible for any damages, including indirect, incidental or consequential damages, caused by reliance on the material presented, including, but not limited to, omissions, typographical errors, arithmetical errors or listing errors in the content material. The Bluetooth® word mark and logos are registered trademarks owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by SMA Solar Technology AG is under license. Other trademarks and trade names are those of their respective owners. SMA America, Incorporated 4031 Alvis Court Rocklin, California 95677-4011 Tel 916.625.0870 Fax 916.625.0871 www.SMA-America.com Technical Description BT-TUS110612 3 SMA Solar Technology AG IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS This manual contains important instructions for Models SMA Bluetooth® Piggy-Back - system monitoring unit, that shall be followed during installation and maintenance of the unit. The SMA Bluetooth Piggy-Back is designed and tested according to international safety requirements, but as with all electrical and electronic equipment, certain precautions must be observed when installing and/or operating the SMA Bluetooth Piggy-Back. To reduce the risk of personal injury and to ensure the safe installation and operation of the SMA Bluetooth Piggy-Back, you must carefully read and follow all instructions, cautions and warnings in this Installation Guide. Warnings A Warning describes a hazard to equipment or personnel. It calls attention to a procedure or practice, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to or destruction of part or all of the SMA equipment and/or other equipment connected to the SMA equipment or personal injury. DANGER! DANGER indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury. WARNING! WARNING indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury. CAUTION! CAUTION indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury. NOTICE! NOTICE indicates a situation that can result in property damage if not avoided. 4 BT-TUS110612 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology AG Other Symbols In addition to the safety and hazard symbols described on the previous pages, the following symbol is also used in this Installation Guide: Information This symbol accompanies notes that call attention to supplementary information that you should know and use to ensure optimal operation of the system. General Warnings General Warnings All electrical installations must be done in accordance with the local and National Electrical Code ANSI/NFPA 70. Before installing or using the SMA Bluetooth Piggy-Back, read all of the instructions, cautions, and warnings on the SMA Bluetooth Piggy-Back and the inverter, in this Installation Guide and the manual of the inverter. Warranty The currect guarantee conditions are available at www.SMA-America.com and can be downloaded or are available on paper from the usual sales channels if required. For warranty coverage, or if you have questions about the SMA Bluetooth Piggy-Back warranty, contact SMA America at the address, telephone number or Web site listed on page 3 (to send E-mail, see the Contact section of the SMA America Web site). Technical Description BT-TUS110612 5 SMA Solar Technology AG 6 BT-TUS110612 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology AG Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 Notes on this Document. 9 1.1 Area of Validity. 9 1.2 Target Group . 9 1.3 Symbols Used . 9 2 Short Introduction. 10 2.1 What is Bluetooth Wireless Technology? . 10 2.2 Why Bluetooth Wireless Technology? . 11 3SMA Bluetooth . 12 3.1 SMA Bluetooth Devices . 12 3.2 Special Features of SMA Bluetooth . 12 3.3 NetID . 14 3.4 Number of Participants in a Bluetooth Network. 15 3.5 Setup of a Bluetooth network . 16 3.6 Master and Slaves in the Bluetooth Network . 17 4 Basics for the Planning of a Bluetooth PV System . 20 4.1 Range of radio signals . 20 4.1.1 Damping obstacles . 20 4.1.2 Penetration of Obstacles. 21 4.1.3 Strength of Damping by Obstacles. 22 4.1.4 Changing Conditions . 24 4.1.5 Radio Signals Reflections . 24 4.1.6 Transmitting Power of Devices. 24 4.1.7 Receiver Sensitivity of Devices. 25 4.2 Notes on Installation Site . 25 4.2.1 Use of the SMA Bluetooth Repeater. 26 4.3 Diagnostics Facility . 27 5 Commissioning of a Bluetooth PV System . 28 Technical Description BT-TUS110612 7 Table of Contents SMA Solar Technology AG 5.1 Procedure . 28 5.1.1 Commissioning a New Bluetooth PV System . 28 5.1.2 Adding Devices to Existing Bluetooth PV Systems. 29 5.2 Determining a Free NetID. 31 5.3 Checking the Radio Connection . 34 5.3.1 SMA Bluetooth Repeater . 34 5.3.2 Communication Device . 35 6 FAQ . 36 7 Glossary . 38 8 BT-TUS110612 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology AG Notes on this Document 1 Notes on this Document 1.1 Area of Validity This manual does not contain any detailed information about the connected products. Detailed information about the products connected can be found in the user manual of the devices. 1.2 Target Group This document is aimed towards all those who would like to receive information on Bluetooth in devices from SMA Solar Technology. 1.3 Symbols Used Symbol Meaning The radio symbol shows that a device has a Bluetooth connection to another Bluetooth device. Inverters from SMA Solar Technology with SMA Bluetooth Piggy- Slave Back (Example: Sunny Boy 3000US / 6000US / 7000US) SMA Bluetooth Repeater Slave Communication device with Bluetooth from SMA Solar Master Technology (Example: Sunny Beam with Bluetooth) Computer with Bluetooth and Sunny Explorer software Master (Example: Laptop) Information Information provides important tips. Technical Description BT-TUS110612 9 Short Introduction SMA Solar Technology AG 2 Short Introduction 2.1 What is Bluetooth Wireless Technology? Bluetooth is a radio standard for short-range communication which enables a connection to be established between devices with Bluetooth. Unlike infra-red connections, Bluetooth connections do not need the devices to be aligned directly next to each other and do not necessarily require a direct visual contact. Bluetooth is installed for example in computer keyboards and mobile devices such as PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants) and mobile telephones, in order to transmit and receive data to and from a computer. Bluetooth was developed in order to reduce the number of cable connections between devices. The radio range of standard devices with Bluetooth Wireless Technology is around 33 ft. (Bluetooth Class 2). This radio range is completely sufficient for devices with connections between mobile telephones and headsets. For applications requiring larger radio ranges, Bluetooth Class 1 with a radio range of up to 330 ft. is available. 10 BT-TUS110612 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology AG Short Introduction 2.2 Why Bluetooth Wireless Technology? Bluetooth is already integrated into many multimedia devices (e.g. laptops) and is used for the exchange of data between devices. Properties of Bluetooth: • wireless and therefore easy to install. No cables have to be laid. • Approved worldwide (public domain 2.4 GHz frequency band). End users do not have to register Bluetooth. • free of charge, independent of the transmitted data volumes. •reliable With AFH (Adaptive Frequency Hopping) there is continuous switching between the 79 Bluetooth channels in random order and frequencies disturbed by WLAN routers, for example, or those already used are ignored. Through AFH and a narrowband transmission technology, Bluetooth is only slightly interfered by other devices and only slightly interferes other devices. • good radio range with Bluetooth Class 1 Bluetooth Class 1 has a radio range in open air of up to 330 ft. with a low transmitting power. The transmitting power is 100 mW at the maximum and reduces automatically as soon as a good connection is available. As a result, no unnecessarily high transmitting powers occur. • can be easily retrofitted Computers can be easily upgraded with Bluetooth via USB Bluetooth sticks. Technical Description BT-TUS110612 11 SMA Bluetooth SMA Solar Technology AG 3 SMA Bluetooth 3.1 SMA Bluetooth Devices SMA Solar Technology provides devices with Bluetooth for your PV system. With these you can monitor your PV system without the need for additional cabling for communication between devices. SMA Solar Technology provides inverters with Bluetooth, communication devices with Bluetooth and the Sunny Explorer for your computer with Bluetooth. The SMA Bluetooth Repeater is able to bridge gaps in the Bluetooth network. 3.2 Special Features of SMA Bluetooth • Automatic setup of a Bluetooth network The devices with SMA Bluetooth connect themselves to a Bluetooth network.