© Copyright Australian Museum, 2005 Records of the Australian Museum (2005) Vol. 57: 39–152. ISSN 0067-1975 Exogoninae (Polychaeta: Syllidae) from Australia With the Description of a New Genus and Twenty-two New Species GUILLERMO SAN MARTÍN Departamento de Biología (Zoología), Laboratorio de Biología Marina e Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Canto Blanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain [email protected] ABSTRACT. Large collections of Syllidae (Polychaeta) from around Australia, which were deposited at the Australian Museum (Sydney), and at Museum Victoria as well as some specimens from Tasmania, have been examined and identified. Additionally material from the Hamburgische Zoologische Museum der Universität, Hamburg, Germany was examined. All known Australian species of the subfamily Exogoninae (Syllidae) are described and figured. Some were examined using the Scanning Electron Microscope to illustrate some characters and methods of reproduction in this subfamily. Keys to genera and species are given. A total of 74 species are reported from Australia belonging to 8 genera: Nooralia San Martín, 2002 (1 species); Salvatoria McIntosh, 1885 (7 species); Prosphaerosyllis San Martín, 1984 (10 species); Erinaceusyllis n.gen. (10 species); Sphaerosyllis Claparède, 1863 (12 species); Brania Quatrefages, 1866 (3 species); Parapionosyllis Fauvel, 1923 (2 species); and Exogone Örsted, 1845 (29 species). A total of 22 new species are described: Salvatoria pilkena, S. koorineclavata, Prosphaerosyllis battiri, Erinaceusyllis cirripapillata, E. ettiennei, E. kathrynae, E. hartmannschroederae, Sphaerosyllis bardukaciculata, S. goorabantennata, S. voluntariorum, S. georgeharrisoni, Parapionosyllis winnunga, P. richardi, Exogone (Parexogone) patriciae, E. (P.) annamurrayae, E. (P.) penelopeae, E. (P.) wilsoni, Exogone (Exogone) koorenborongi, E. (E.) haswelli, E. (E.) ingridae, E. (E.) goorapuranga, E. (E.) arrakatarkoola. Additionally, 13 species are new records for Australia: Exogone (P.) homosetosa (Hartmann-Schröder, 1965b); E. (P.) wolfi San Martín, 1991a; E. (P.) caribensis San Martín, 1991; E. (P.) gambiae Lanera, Sordino & San Martín, 1994; Exogone (E.) longicornis Westheide, 1974; E. (E.) lourei Berkeley & Berkeley, 1938; E. (E.)breviantennata Hartmann-Schröder, 1959; E. (E.) dispar (Webster, 1879); E. (Sylline) naidinoides Westheide, 1974; Sphaerosyllis capensis Day, 1953; Prosphaerosyllis isabellae Nogueira, San Martín & Amaral, 2001; Erinaceusyllis bidentata (Hartmann- Schröder, 1974); and E. belizensis (Russell, 1989). The Australian records of Sphaerosyllis perspicax Ehlers, 1908, and S. sublaevis Ehlers, 1913 should be referred to other species, and are not included (see Ehlers, 1908; 1913). A general discussion of the reproduction and systematics of the subfamily is given. SAN MARTÍN, GUILLERMO, 2005. Exogoninae (Polychaeta: Syllidae) from Australia with the description of a new genus and twenty-two new species. Records of the Australian Museum 57(1): 39–152. www.amonline.net.au/pdf/publications/1438_complete.pdf 40 Records of the Australian Museum (2005) Vol. 57 Table of Contents Genus Nooralia San Martín, 2002 ................................................................................................... 45 Nooralia bulgannabooyanga San Martín, 2002 ........................................................................46 Genus Salvatoria McIntosh, 1885 ................................................................................................... 49 Salvatoria kerguelensis McIntosh, 1885 ....................................................................................51 Salvatoria longisetosa (Hartmann-Schröder, 1979) ..................................................................52 Salvatoria euritmica (Sardá, 1984) n.comb. ..............................................................................53 Salvatoria quadrioculata (Augener, 1913) n.comb. ..................................................................54 Salvatoria koorineclavata n.sp...................................................................................................55 Salvatoria opisthodentata (Hartmann-Schröder, 1979) ............................................................57 Salvatoria pilkena n.sp. ..............................................................................................................58 Genus Prosphaerosyllis San Martín, 1984 ....................................................................................... 59 Prosphaerosyllis xarifae (Hartmann-Schröder, 1960) ............................................................... 60 Prosphaerosyllis longipapillata (Hartmann-Schröder, 1979) ................................................... 61 Prosphaerosyllis nathani San Martín & López, 1998 ............................................................... 65 Prosphaerosyllis sexpapillata (Hartmann-Schröder, 1979) .......................................................66 Prosphaerosyllis opisthoculata (Hartmann-Schröder, 1979) n.comb. ......................................67 Prosphaerosyllis isabellae (Nogueira, San Martín & Amaral, 2001) n.comb...........................68 Prosphaerosyllis magnoculata (Hartmann-Schröder, 1986) .....................................................69 Prosphaerosyllis papillosissima (Hartmann-Schröder, 1979) n.comb. .....................................71 Prosphaerosyllis multipapillata (Hartmann-Schröder, 1979) n.comb.......................................71 Prosphaerosyllis battiri n.sp. ......................................................................................................72 Genus Erinaceusyllis n.gen. .............................................................................................................73 Erinaceusyllis horrockensis (Hartmann-Schröder, 1981) .......................................................... 75 Erinaceusyllis bidentata (Hartmann-Schröder, 1974) ............................................................... 77 Erinaceusyllis belizensis (Russell, 1989) n.comb. ..................................................................... 77 Erinaceusyllis centroamericana (Hartmann-Schröder, 1959) n.comb. .....................................78 Erinaceusyllis serratosetosa (Hartmann-Schröder, 1982)......................................................... 79 Erinaceusyllis ettiennei n.sp. ......................................................................................................80 Erinaceusyllis cirripapillata n.sp. .............................................................................................. 81 Erinaceusyllis opisthodentata (Hartmann-Schröder, 1987) ......................................................81 Erinaceusyllis hartmannschroederae n.sp. ................................................................................82 Erinaceusyllis kathrynae n.sp. ................................................................................................... 83 Genus Sphaerosyllis Claparède, 1863 .............................................................................................. 86 Sphaerosyllis rotundipapillata Hartmann-Schröder, 1982 ........................................................88 Sphaerosyllis bifurcatoides (Hartmann-Schröder, 1979)...........................................................88 Sphaerosyllis voluntariorum n.sp. .............................................................................................. 89 Sphaerosyllis bifurcata (Hartmann-Schröder, 1979) .................................................................90 Sphaerosyllis bardukaciculata n.sp. ...........................................................................................91 Sphaerosyllis pygipapillata Hartmann-Schröder, 1981 .............................................................92 Sphaerosyllis densopapillata Hartmann-Schröder, 1979 .......................................................... 92 Sphaerosyllis capensis Day, 1953 .............................................................................................. 94 Sphaerosyllis goorabantennata n.sp. .........................................................................................95 Sphaerosyllis lateropapillata Hartmann-Schröder, 1986 .......................................................... 96 Sphaerosyllis georgeharrisoni n.sp. ...........................................................................................97 Sphaerosyllis hirsuta Ehlers, 1897 ............................................................................................. 99 Genus Brania Quatrefages, 1866 ...................................................................................................102 Brania pusilla (Dujardin, 1839) ...............................................................................................102 Brania articulata Hartmann-Schröder, 1982 ...........................................................................103 Brania furcelligera (Augener, 1913) ........................................................................................105 Genus Parapionosyllis Fauvel, 1923 ..............................................................................................106 Parapionosyllis winnunga n.sp.................................................................................................106 Parapionosyllis richardi n.sp. ..................................................................................................107 Genus Exogone Örsted, 1845 .........................................................................................................108