United Republic of Tanzania KAGERA REGION SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE, 2015 April 2018 United Republic of Tanzania KAGERA REGION SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE, 2015 Jointly prepared by National Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Finance and Planning and Kagera Regional Secretariat National Bureau of Statistics Dar es Salaam April 2018 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables .................................................................................................................................... vii List of Figures .................................................................................................................................... xv Foreword .........................................................................................................................................xvi Abbrevitions and Acronyms .......................................................................................................... xviii CHAPTER ONE ................................................................................................................................ 1 Land, Climate, Agro-Ecological Zones and People ........................................................................ 1 1.0 An Overview ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Geographical Location ........................................................................................................ 2 1.2 Land Area, Land Use Pattern and Administrative Units .................................................... 3 1.3 Climate, Soil and Topography ............................................................................................ 6 1.3.1 Climate ................................................................................................................................ 6 1.3.2 Soil ...................................................................................................................................... 8 1.3.3 Topography ......................................................................................................................... 8 1.4 Vegetation ........................................................................................................................... 8 1.5 Agro – Ecological Zones (AEZ) ......................................................................................... 9 1.5.1 Bukoba Rural and Muleba District Zone .......................................................................... 10 1.5.2 Karagwe District Zone ...................................................................................................... 10 1.5.3 Ngara and Biharamulo Zone ............................................................................................. 10 1.6 Drainage System ............................................................................................................... 11 1.7 Population ......................................................................................................................... 11 1.7.1 Ethnic Groups ................................................................................................................... 11 1.7.2 Population Size and Growth ............................................................................................. 12 1.7.3 Doubling Time .................................................................................................................. 14 1.7.4 Population Density ............................................................................................................ 16 1.7.5 Population Change ............................................................................................................ 18 1.7.6 Dependency Ratio ............................................................................................................. 20 1.7.7 Population Distribution by Sex and Age .......................................................................... 21 1.7.8 Households and Average Household Size ........................................................................ 26 1.7.8.1 Households ....................................................................................................................... 26 1.7.8.2 Average Household Size ................................................................................................... 28 1.7.9 Rural and Urban Population ............................................................................................. 29 1.7.10 Diaspora ............................................................................................................................ 30 CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................................. 32 Regional Economy ........................................................................................................................... 32 2.0 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 32 i 2.1 Regional Gross Domestic Product .................................................................................... 33 2.1.1 Sector Contribution to the Regional GDP ........................................................................ 34 2.1.2 Council Contribution to the Region GDP ......................................................................... 34 2.2 Regional Per Capita GDP ................................................................................................. 35 2.2.1 Council Per Capita GDP ................................................................................................... 36 2.3 Poverty Indicators ............................................................................................................. 36 2.3.1 Income Poverty Rate, Poverty Gap and GINI Coefficient ............................................... 36 2.3.2 Main Source of Cash Income ........................................................................................... 37 2.3.3 Well-being of the People .................................................................................................. 37 2.3.4 Literacy Rate and Level of Education .............................................................................. 38 2.3.5 Food security and Food Consumption Patterns ................................................................ 40 2.3.5.1 Food Security .................................................................................................................... 40 2.3.5.2 Number of Meals .............................................................................................................. 41 2.3.5.3 Protein (Meat and Fish) Consumption Frequencies ......................................................... 42 2.3.6 Access to Drinking Water ................................................................................................. 43 2.3.7 Types of Toilets ................................................................................................................ 44 2.3.8 Housing Condition ............................................................................................................ 46 2.3.8.1 Roofing Materials ............................................................................................................. 46 2.3.8.2 Wall Materials .................................................................................................................. 46 2.3.8.3 Floor Materials .................................................................................................................. 47 2.3.9 Source of Lighting Energy ................................................................................................ 48 2.3.10 Source of Energy for Cooking .......................................................................................... 51 2.3.11 Assets ................................................................................................................................ 52 2.3.12 Land Development ............................................................................................................ 53 2.3.12.1 Village Land use Planning ................................................................................................ 55 2.4 Policy Implication on Land sector .................................................................................... 56 2.5 Investment Opportunities for Land Sector ....................................................................... 56 CHAPTER THREE ......................................................................................................................... 57 Production Sectors ........................................................................................................................... 57 3.0 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 57 3.1 Agriculture ........................................................................................................................ 57 3.1.1 Distribution of Arable Land .............................................................................................. 58 3.1.2 Food Crops........................................................................................................................ 59 3.1.2.1 Area under Major Food Crops Cultivation ....................................................................... 59