Did you know? E CALVIN THETEA UNPRONOUN LIZABETH THEQUEEN,ANDTHOSE ever was inever the earth since the the of Apostles.” days isfriend, the “It most perfect school Christ of that Knox visited Geneva in and wrote 1554 an to English yearsfive before his death. Scottish reformer John granted was he not so, citizenshipson. Even until 25 becoming years, for most famous the per city’s laumewhich Farel convinced did he him stay, to of France and the Holy Roman Empire). But Guil But Franceof and Roman the Empire). Holy hostilities (avoiding raging1536 between the king instop the Swiss city asingle Geneva for of night in ancient philosopherSeneca.He meant to merely commentary on book was anacademic lished his first pub a lawyer; first as Calvin trained John A MOMENTOUSDETOUR to deliver aletter deliver to his to friend Pierre Viret, noticed he him asanoutstandingservantofGod.” regard tocallmeadevilIshouldstill “Evenifhewere wrote: HeinrichBullinger(seep.48),he To him veryhighly. Calvin esteemed met Luther, Although he never COLLE vive andeven(asinthisdrawing) tomocktheking. France in 1685, lawed in we’re stillhere Once Calvin when asked apair one of students of C A EABLE FREN GUE, FRIEND, C HER, MENNOTHEPREA A fter the fter C A H ND P H uguenots continued to sur uguenots continued P R ROTESTANTS eformed faith was out- eformed faith A STOR C HER, - - - - motto: “Promptly and “Promptly motto: sincerely God.” in of the work burning heart ina hand and was accompaniedthis by seal picturedfind Calvin’s comes?” he idle when me a the Lord have you rest.to replied: He “What! Would his deathbed, though his friends with pleaded him on even continued shrine.He a Protestant work to give noencouragementtothosewhomightmakeit wished totombstone. He cemetery with no common thathebeburiedintheCalvin gavestrictinstructions AN UNM A RKED GR correspondence fills11volumes. book aswelltheologicaltreatises. commentaries onnearlyeverybiblical Knox Beza, and alongside Farel, FULL OFWORDS average of five sermons a week (see p. 9). 9). sermons five of p. (see aweek average theologicalto students and preached an his ministry in Calvin Geneva, lectured berthe of psalms. During the course of God and personally anum music to put as viewed he music agiftLike Luther, of psalm-singingin the churchGeneva. at letter. was avaluable taining the request that Viret pretend it dashed off asecond letter Viret to con beingnot the Calvin messenger. quickly that the second student was jealous at Calvin encouraged congregational A VE Calvin( Christian History History Christian second fromleft ) wrote) H is - - Reformer’s MEMORIAL— STATUE OF WILLIAM FAREL, JOHN CALVIN, THEODORE BEZA, AND JOHN KNOX, REFORMATION WALL (1909), GENEVA, CANTON OF GENEVA, SWITZERLAND / DE AGOSTINI PICTURE LIBRARY / A. VERGANI / BRIDGEMAN IMAGES PROTESTANT CARICATURE OF KING LOUIS XIV (1638–1715), iLLUSTRATION FROM LES HEROS DE LA LIGUE OU LA PROCESSION MONACALE, CONDUITE PAR LOUIS XIV, POUR LA CONVERSION DES PROTESTANTS DE SON ROYAUME, PARIS, CHEZ PERE PETERS, A L’ENSEIGNE DE LOUIS LE GRAND, 1691 (MEZZOTINT) (B/W PHOTO), DUSART, CORNELIS & GOLe, Jacob (1660–1737) (attr. to) / BIBLIOTHEQUE DE LA SOCIETE DE L’HISTOIRE DU PROTESTANTISME FRANCAIS, PARIS, FRANCE / ARCHIVES CHARMET / BRIDGEMAN IMAGES LOCKET RING BELONGING TO QUEEN ELIZABETH I, C.1575 (GOLD WITH ENAMEL, RUBIES, DIAMONDS, AND MOTHER-OF-PEARL), ENGLISH SCHOOL, (16TH CENTURY) / BY KIND PERMISSION OF THE CHEQUERS TRUST / PHOTO © MARK FIENNES / BRIDGEMAN IMAGES MASSACRE OF HUGUENOTS AT HOUSE OF CABRIERE IN CAHORS, NOVEMBER 1561, ENGRAVING BY FRANZ Hogenberg (1535–1590), FRANCE, 16TH CENTURY / DE AGOSTINI PICTURE LIBRARY / G. DAGLI ORTI / BRIDGEMAN IMAGES NUREMBERG SCHEMBART RUN (B/W PHOTO) / © SZ PHOTO / SCHERL / BRIDGEMAN IMAGES Reformer’s MEMORIAL— STATUE OF WILLIAM FAREL, JOHN CALVIN, THEODORE BEZA, AND JOHN KNOX, REFORMATION WALL (1909), GENEVA, CANTON OF GENEVA, SWITZERLAND / DE AGOSTINI PICTURE LIBRARY / A. VERGANI / BRIDGEMAN IMAGES PROTESTANT CARICATURE OF KING LOUIS XIV (1638–1715), iLLUSTRATION FROM LES HEROS DE LA LIGUE OU LA PROCESSION MONACALE, CONDUITE PAR LOUIS XIV, POUR LA CONVERSION DES PROTESTANTS DE SON ROYAUME, PARIS, CHEZ PERE PETERS, A L’ENSEIGNE DE LOUIS LE GRAND, 1691 (MEZZOTINT) (B/W PHOTO), DUSART, CORNELIS & GOLe, Jacob (1660–1737) (attr. to) / BIBLIOTHEQUE DE LA SOCIETE DE L’HISTOIRE DU PROTESTANTISME FRANCAIS, PARIS, FRANCE / ARCHIVES CHARMET / BRIDGEMAN IMAGES LOCKET RING BELONGING TO QUEEN ELIZABETH I, C.1575 (GOLD WITH ENAMEL, RUBIES, DIAMONDS, AND MOTHER-OF-PEARL), ENGLISH SCHOOL, (16TH CENTURY) / BY KIND PERMISSION OF THE CHEQUERS TRUST / PHOTO © MARK FIENNES / BRIDGEMAN IMAGES MASSACRE OF HUGUENOTS AT HOUSE OF CABRIERE IN CAHORS, NOVEMBER 1561, ENGRAVING BY FRANZ Hogenberg (1535–1590), FRANCE, 16TH CENTURY / DE AGOSTINI PICTURE LIBRARY / G. DAGLI ORTI / BRIDGEMAN IMAGES NUREMBERG SCHEMBART RUN (B/W PHOTO) / © SZ PHOTO / SCHERL / BRIDGEMAN IMAGES Issue 120 Issue on the Cross?” in service are the or baptizedyou sword to] on [i.e., This learn I whether only. would you; of . weapons. Leiden Van tion isJesus wrote Christ.”He in other than the one that has been that laid; founda one can no any foundation “For lay Corinthians 3:11, his But writings later two years.” each begin with I Such preacher a stupid nearly Behold! was I for me. feared “I 28: if Ishould read them they mislead would Scripturesuntil two years after his ordination age at views. someofhis minded”) todistancethemselvesfrom today tobe called “Doopsgezinden”(“baptism- fer Anabaptists pre cations sealedthedeal.MostDutch Long yearsofsteadyleadershipandhismanypubli label “Mennisten”(followersofMenno),anditstuck. Anabaptists graduallytookonthe dom used.Some was sel “son ofSimon” and szoon,” meanssimply known onlybyhisfirstname?“Simons,”or“Simon servicesnearthatgateafterdark. their illegalreligious held night. Protestants at in Tours haunt acity gate to aspiritcalledKingHuguon,believed may comefrom nickname, “Huguenots,” odd Protestants’ French Hu-gue-w mottoes, “AlwaystheSame”( Anne’s heraldicemblemandoneofhermother’s her disgracedmother’s pendant.Shelateradopted Elizabethwears andhischildren, wife, JaneSeymour, 1545ofHenryVIIIshowinghisthird painting from Anne Boleyn. Butina encing herexecutedmother, ofElizabethIrefer fewsurvivingrecords are There S HE LOVEDHERMOTHER Menno claimed that read had he the not likemany popstars,isMennoSimons And why, , “It is forbidden to us to fight to iswith forbidden , “It physical H o andM CH enno Semper eadem w Hy? The Blasphemy of Jan ). - - - - - - grew ininfluence, contained portraitsofherselfandhermother, E RING 71 adaptedfrom Some oftheseentriesare persecutions likethismassacreatCahorsin1561 MURDER A lizabeth nne . Mary Sprungercontributedtothe entryonMenno. B A oleyn. ROUND THEQUEEN A I commissioned a ring whosesecret locket commissioned a ROUND THETOWN H uguenots weresubjectto Left: Right: I n 1575 CH E ven asthey issues5,12,and Q ueen indulgence letters costume madeof dresses ina carnival-goer H indulgences. protesting the onlyone L good for? WH uther wasn’t uther wasn’t ere a . A T A B RE THESE RE THESE avar ian ian . 1 Letters to the editor Readers respond to Christian History EVERY DAY WITH CHRISTIAN HISTORY IF YOU WANT MORE I find your materials to be one of the few things I intend READING. to pass along to my children when I am gone—they are Doug Anderson of wonderful! —Robert Elkins, Corfu, NY Orange City, IA, wrote in recommending Mark I am president of The Interfaith Council of Greater Stoll’s Protestantism, Sacramento. We have been in existence in California’s Capitalism and Nature capital city since 1911. I love your magazine. It informs in America (1997) and us of so many good things. I just wanted to say thank Inherit the Holy Moun- you and let you know what good you do for our minds, tain (2015), and Belden souls, and hearts. —Jon B. Fish, Sacramento, CA C. Lane’s Ravished by Beauty (2011) as further Thanks for your magazine and your daily Christian resources on the topic of History postings. They provide great strength and issue 119. incentive to me. Reading about these people makes my problems seem paltry in comparison to what they HAIL TO THE WRONG CHIEF went through. —E.D. Bogan, Troy, OH In the article in issue 74, Christians and Muslims, called “Hail to the new chiefs,” it says that “The first We’d like to encourage all readers to check out our daily post- Islamic caliph (deputy), Abu Bakr, was murdered...” ings, which you can find on our website under “This Day in This is not correct as Abu Bakr died of old age after Christian History.” he fell sick, on August 23, 634. This is clearly a confu- sion between Abu Bakr and Uthman (the 3rd Caliph PRAISE FOR QUAKERS AND CREATION after Umar). —James Poh Another outstanding issue—117. I have run out of superlatives for your work. Pray, keep amazing me Thank you for catching this. We’re always eager to make sure with future issues. I know that the return on invest- everything on our website is correct. ment of what I am able to donate is many, many times the amount and hope other readers feel the same. AND WHILE WE ARE AT IT. Lord Bless!! —Tom Edmunds, Washington, NJ [In CH issue 118] pg. 31 Donatists were in the fourth century, not fifth century; pg. 21 Fredrick the Just a quick note to say how much I enjoyed the Wise, Elector of Saxony, not John; pg. 44 Jacob Hut- issue of Christian History [119] on the Wonder of ter started Hutterites, not Hans Hut; on the back Creation. I especially appreciate your ecumenical cover, the picture of past issue 3 is Huguenots approach: the inclusion of Catholic thought, his- not Wycliffe. —Wayne Wright, Wyoming, MI tory and poetry. And above all, I liked the poetry with the beautiful images (Herbert and Hopkins are Thank you for such attentive reading! Donatists indeed arose two of my favorites). —Melinda Zook, contributor to in the fourth century, but are famous to many readers of CH 118 church history because of their fifth-century controversy with Augustine. Frederick the Wise, his brother John, and John’s I’ve received the Christian History issue on creation — son all protected and supported Luther; the sermon on p.