Cognitive radio for coexistence of heterogeneous wireless networks Stefano Boldrini To cite this version: Stefano Boldrini. Cognitive radio for coexistence of heterogeneous wireless networks. Other. Supélec; Università degli studi La Sapienza (Rome), 2014. English. NNT : 2014SUPL0012. tel-01080508 HAL Id: tel-01080508 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01080508 Submitted on 5 Nov 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. ! N°!d’ordre:!2014.12.TH! ! ! SUPELEC' ' ECOLE'DOCTORALE'STITS' «"Sciences"et"Technologies"de"l’Information"des"Télécommunications"et"des"Systèmes"»" ' ' ' THÈSE'DE'DOCTORAT' ' DOMAINE:'STIC' Spécialité:'Télécommunications' ' ' ' Soutenue'le'10'avril'2014' ' par:' ' SteFano'BOLDRINI' ' ' Radio'cognitive'pour'la'coexistence'de'réseaux'radio'hétérogènes' (Cognitive!radio!for!coexistence!of!heterogeneous!wireless!networks)! ' ' ' ' ' ' Directeur'de'thèse:! Maria.Gabriella!DI!BENEDETTO! Professeur,!Sapienza!Université!de!Rome! CoMdirecteur'de'thèse:! Jocelyn!FIORINA! Professeur,!Supélec! ! Composition'du'jury:' ! Président"du"jury:! Pierre!DUHAMEL! Directeur!de!recherche,!CNRS/LSS!Supélec! Rapporteurs:! Franco!MAZZENGA! Associate!Professor,!Université!Roma!II! ! Atika!RIVENQ! Professeur,!Université!de!Valenciennes! Examinateurs:! Gabriella!CINCOTTI! Professeur,!Université!Roma!Tre! ! Maria.Gabriella!DI!BENEDETTO! Professeur,!Sapienza!Université!de!Rome! ! Jocelyn!FIORINA! Professeur,!Supélec! Cognitive radio for coexistence of heterogeneous wireless networks by Stefano Boldrini Submitted to the Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications at Sapienza University of Rome and to the Telecommunications Department at Supélec in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Information and Communication Engineering Supervisors: Prof. Maria-Gabriella Di Benedetto and Prof. Jocelyn Fiorina April 2014 i ii Alla mia famiglia. Contents Acknowledgements v Abstract vii 1Introduction 1 1.1 The considered scenario, the problems to face ......... 1 1.2 Cognitive radio and cognitive networks ............. 2 1.3 Previously proposed solutions .................. 3 1.4 The proposed approach and innovative aspects ........ 9 1.5 Goal of this work ......................... 11 1.6 The obtained results ....................... 14 1.7 Cognitive engine: general scheme ................ 15 2Papers 20 2.1 Towards Cognitive Networking: Automatic Wireless Network Recognition Based on MAC Feature Detection ......... 20 2.2 Bluetooth automatic network recognition – the AIR-AWARE approach .............................. 40 2.3 UWB network recognition based on impulsiveness of energy profiles ............................... 56 2.4 Automatic best wireless network selection based on Key Per- formance Indicators ........................ 61 2.5 Introducing strategic measure actions in multi-armed bandits 76 2.6 Multi-armed bandits for wireless networks selection: measure the performance vs. use a resource ............... 82 3Experimentation 91 3.1 More experimentations on the new MAB model ........ 91 3.2 Cognitive engine as an Android application .......... 94 3.2.1 The model used ...................... 94 3.2.2 The working ....................... 95 4 Conclusions and future directions 101 iii CONTENTS iv 5Sintesi(Italian) 108 6Résumé(French) 129 List of publications 150 Bibliography 152 Acknowledgements The experience of doing research as a Ph.D. student has been really intense, interesting, tough and enriching under many different aspects. During the past three years I have worked a lot for this Ph.D. and I have also learned a lot of things, both related to telecommunications topics and research itself, but also to a big variety of other different topics and aspects of life. In fact, I really feel I grew up under many aspects during this period. Many people have shared this experience (or part of it) with me and here I would like to thank them all. First of all, I would like to thank Prof. Maria-Gabriella Di Benedetto. She was the supervisor of my master thesis and then of my Ph.D. I am very thankful to her, she offered me the opportunity to do this Ph.D., she taught me everything I know about research and most of all she was for me a bright example of passion and devotion to work. I would also like to thank my supervisor in France, Prof. Jocelyn Fiorina. Thanks to him I had the opportunity to pursue my research in Supélec under his supervision and to live in Paris. This has been a wonderful, enriching and unforgettable experience. As regards the “concrete” economic support, I would like to thank the “Université Franco Italienne / Università Italo Francese” for the “Programme Vinci / Bando Vinci” scholarship. I would also like to thank “Campus France” and the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs for the “Bourse d’Excellence Eiffel” scholarship. Thanks to their help I had the possibility to pursue and complete my Ph.D. in France, that has been for me a very enriching experience. In Rome I did my research in the ACTS lab., in the DIET Department of Sapienza University of Rome. I was very lucky to meet many wonderful people that came across the lab. I started my experience there as a master student together with Jesus, Carmen and Sergio; we immediately became good and true friends, and with you, guys, those days were really fun. I would like to thank a lot Luca for his precious advises in everything: it did not matter how much work he had to do (and it usually is very much), he was always available to dedicate some time to me in order to help me if I needed it; and also, a very important thing, he has always been able to put v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vi all the people in the lab in a good mood with his funny jokes. Special thanks to Guido Carlo: we shared most of this experience together, and the time spent with you in learning, comparing our ideas or simply chatting was really precious. I would also like to thank Anna Paola, Giuseppe, Luca “Lipa” and Roberto for all the nice moments we lived together in the lab. In Supélec I was lucky to find many other Ph.D. students that came from all over the world. They immediately made me feel part of their group, and this meant a lot to me. First of all, thanks to Axel and Giovanni, all the moments spent with you talking about everything, in our pauses in the courtyard and in our nights out in Paris, were very important to me; I found true friends in you. Then Joao, who formed together with me the “lunch committee”, in charge to call everyday Germán, Meryem, Cheng and Chao to have lunch together. My office mates: Farhan, Daniel and, even if for a short period, Bakarime. Special thanks to the “Italian group” of Supélec: Marco, with whom I spent hours talking about everything and that has been a real good friend, Luca and Massimiliano. But I would like to thank all the other very nice people in the Telecommunications Department and the whole Alcatel-Lucent Chair: they received me in the best possible way so that I never felt a stranger among them, even when I was just arrived. When I moved to Paris I was lucky to find new friends, with whom I lived wonderful experiences in the past year. I would like to thank Marica, Margherita, Dora, Giacomo, Takis, Stefano, Riccardo and Deborah. My “french period” would not have been so special without you. I also got the opportunity to live in Cité Universitaire, a big university campus inside Paris, where I met people from all over the world and with whom I had wonderful days. In particular, I would like to thank Giorgio: how can I forget our “pourquoi pas?” attitude that brought us many funny adventures? I would also like to thank a lot all my french friends, and especially Bérangère, Juliette and Thomas. You made me really feel part of your group, even if I was the last arrived and the “stranger”, I always felt one of you, and this made my french period so special and unforgettable. Ma più di ogni altro vorrei ringraziare la mia famiglia: mio padre Carlo, mia madre Sonia, mia sorella Valentina, e i miei nonni. Loro sono sempre stati e sono tuttora la mia forza, le persone che per tutta la vita mi hanno sostenuto, indirizzato, incoraggiato, aiutato nei momenti difficili e gioito per me e insieme a me nei momenti più belli. È soprattutto grazie a loro se sono riuscito a completare questa tappa importante della mia vita, con l’entusiasmo e la voglia di proseguire e fare sempre meglio. Vorrei qui ringraziarvi infinitamente per tutto ciò che sempre avete fatto per me e per essere sempre stati con me. Stefano Boldrini Abstract Nowadays wireless Internet connection is common experience thanks to the spread of mobile devices and the availability of different wireless networks of different technologies practically everywhere. In such a scenario, which is the network that the mobile device should select and connect to in order to offer the best experience for the final user? This work addresses this problem with the use of the framework of cognitive radio and cognitive networks. In particular, the scope of this work is the ideation and design of a cognitive engine, core of a cognitive radio device. It must be able to perform the surrounding radio environment recognition and the wireless network selection, among the currently available ones, with the final goal of maximization of final user Quality of Experience (QoE). Besides these goals, an important aspect taken into account is the sim- plicity of all elements involved in the cognitive engine, from hardware to algorithms and mechanisms, in order to keep in mind the importance of its practical realizability and be close, therefore, to real world scenarios and applications.