HISTORY OF NON-DAIRY WHIP TOPPING, COFFEE CREAMER 1 HISTORY OF NON-DAIRY WHIP TOPPING, COFFEE CREAMER, COTTAGE CHEESE, AND ICING/FROSTING (WITH AND WITHOUT SOY) (1900-2013): EXTENSIVELY ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY AND SOURCEBOOK Compiled by William Shurtleff & Akiko Aoyagi 2013 Copyright © 2013 by Soyinfo Center HISTORY OF NON-DAIRY WHIP TOPPING, COFFEE CREAMER 2 Copyright (c) 2013 by William Shurtleff & Akiko Aoyagi All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means - graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or information and retrieval systems - except for use in reviews, without written permission from the publisher. Published by: Soyinfo Center P.O. Box 234 Lafayette, CA 94549-0234 USA Phone: 925-283-2991 Fax: 925-283-9091 www.soyinfocenter.com ISBN 9781928914624 (Whip topping without hyphens) ISBN 978-1-928914-62-4 (Whip topping with hyphens) Printed 7 Nov. 2013 Price: Available on the Web free of charge Search engine keywords: Bibliography of Non-Dairy Whip Topping History of Non-Dairy Whip Topping Bibliography of Non-Dairy Whipped Topping History of Non-Dairy Whipped Topping Bibliography of Non-Dairy Coffee Creamer History of Non-Dairy Coffee Creamer Bibliography of Non-Dairy Coffee Whitenerr History of Non-Dairy Coffee Whitener Bibliography of Non-Dairy Cottage Cheese History of Non-Dairy Cottage Cheese Bibliography of Non-Dairy Frosting History of Non-Dairy Frosting Bibliography of Non-Dairy Icing History of Non-Dairy Icing Chronology of Non-Dairy Whip Topping History of Nondairy Whip Topping Chronology of Non-Dairy Whipped Topping History of Nondairy Whipped Topping Chronology of Non-Dairy Coffee Creamer History of Nondairy Coffee Creamer Chronology of Non-Dairy Coffee Whitener History of Nondairy Coffee Whitener Chronology of Non-Dairy Cottage Cheese History of Nondairy Cottage Cheese Chronology of Non-Dairy Frosting History of Nondairy Frosting Chronology of Non-Dairy Icing History of Nondairy Icing How Non-Dairy Products Came to America History of Soy Whip Topping How Non-Dairy Products Came to the USA History of Soy Whipped Topping How Nondairy Products Came to America History of Soy Coffee Creamer How Nondairy Products Came to the USA History of Soy Coffee Whitener History of Soy Cottage Cheese How Did Non-Dairy Products Come to America History of Soy Frosting How Did Non-Dairy Products Come to the USA History of Soy Dairy Icing How Did Nondairy Products Come to America How Did Nondairy Products Come to the USA Copyright © 2013 by Soyinfo Center HISTORY OF NON-DAIRY WHIP TOPPING, COFFEE CREAMER 3 Contents Page Dedication and Acknowledgments.................................................................................................................................. 4 Introduction and Brief Chronology, by William Shurtleff .......................................................................................... 5 About This Book ............................................................................................................................................................. 8 Abbreviations Used in This Book .................................................................................................................................. 9 How to Make the Best Use of This Digital Book - Search It! .................................................................................... 10 Full-Page Graphics ................................................................................................................................................. 12-16 History of Non-Dairy Whip Topping, Coffee Creamer, Cottage Cheese and Icing/Frosting (With or Without Soy) (1900-2013): 528 References in Chronological Order .................................................... 17 Contains 80 Photographs and Illustrations Subject/Geographical Index by Record Numbers ................................................................................................... 262 Last Page of Index ....................................................................................................................................................... 295 For a detailed history of Rich Products Corp., see www.soyinfocenter.com Copyright © 2013 by Soyinfo Center HISTORY OF NON-DAIRY WHIP TOPPING, COFFEE CREAMER 4 DEDICATION AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Japanese translation and maps: Akiko Aoyagi Shurtleff. This book is dedicated to Henry Ford and Robert E. Loma Linda University, Del E. Webb Memorial Library Rich, Sr.. (Seventh-day Adventist): Janice Little, Trish Chapman. We would also like to thank our co-workers and friends at Soyinfo Center who, since 1984, have played a major role in Part of the enjoyment of writing a book lies in meeting collecting the documents, building the library, and producing people from around the world who share a common interest, the SoyaScan database from which this book is printed: and in learning from them what is often the knowledge or skills acquired during a lifetime of devoted research or Irene Yen, Tony Jenkins, Sarah Chang, Laurie Wilmore, practice. We wish to give deepest thanks... Alice Whealey, Simon Beaven, Elinor McCoy, Patricia McKelvey, Claire Wickens, Ron Perry, Walter Lin, Dana Scott, Jeremy Longinotti, John Edelen, Alex Lerman, Lydia Of the many libraries and librarians who have been of great Lam, Gretchen Muller, Joyce Mao, Luna Oxenberg, Joelle help to our research over the years, several stand out: Bouchard, Justine Lam, Joey Shurtleff, Justin Hildebrandt, Michelle Chun, Olga Kochan, Loren Clive, Marina Li, University of California at Berkeley: John Creaser, Lois Rowyn McDonald, Casey Brodsky, Hannah Woodman, Farrell, Norma Kobzina, Ingrid Radkey. Elizabeth Hawkins, Molly Howland, Jacqueline Tao, Lynn Hsu, Brooke Vittimberga, Tanya Kochan. Northern Regional Library Facility (NRLF), Richmond, California: Martha Lucero, Jutta Wiemhoff, Scott Miller, Special thanks to Tom and Linda Wolfe of Berwyn Park, Virginia Moon, Kay Loughman. Maryland. And to Lorenz K. Schaller of Ojai, California. Stanford University: Molly Molloy, who has been of special For outstanding help on this whip topping book we thank: help on Slavic-language documents. Bob Rich, Prem S. Bhatnagar, Robert Boyer, Gretchen Broadbent, Walter Cunningham, Steve Demos, Florence National Agricultural Library: Susan Chapman, Kay Derr, Barbier Diamond, Bernd Drosihn, Don Furman, Elmer Carol Ditzler, John Forbes, Winnifred Gelenter, Henry Hamel, Jon Kessler, Carol Ann Krueger, Duff MacKinnon, Gilbert, Kim Hicks, Ellen Knollman, Patricia Krug, Judith A. Maurer, Ted Nordquist, Bruce Parsons, Ray Pierce, Sarah Lee, Veronica Lefebvre, Julie Mangin, Ellen Mann, Robert A. Smith, David and Harvey Whitehouse. Josephine McDowell, Wayne Olson, Mike Thompson, Tanner Wray. Finally our deepest thanks to Tony Cooper of San Ramon, California, who has kept our computers up and running since Library of Congress: Ronald Jackson, Ronald Roache. Sept. 1983. Without Tony, this series of books on the Web would not have been possible. Lane Medical Library at Stanford University. This book, no doubt and alas, has its share of errors. These, Contra Costa County Central Library and Lafayette Library: of course, are solely the responsibility of William Shurtleff. Carole Barksdale, Kristen Wick, Barbara Furgason, Sherry Cartmill, Linda Barbero. This bibliography and sourcebook was written with the hope that someone will write a detailed and well-documented Harvard University’s Five Botanical Libraries (especially history of this subject. Arnold Arboretum Library): Jill Gelmers Thomas. French translation: Martine Liguori of Lafayette, California, for ongoing, generous, and outstanding help since the early 1980s. Copyright © 2013 by Soyinfo Center HISTORY OF NON-DAIRY WHIP TOPPING, COFFEE CREAMER 5 INTRODUCTION Brief chronology of non-dairy whip topping, coffee effort; none of the milk was sold commercially. With the creamer, cottage cheese, and icing/frosting (with or arrival of World War II, the process was taken by Bob Smith, without soy): one of the men who developed it, and used as the basis for a private plant [Delsoy Products] in Dearborn where he sold a Overview: This may seem like a very narrow and perhaps lot of soymilk for use in whipped toppings, baked goods and uninteresting subject – but it defi nitely is not. For with frostings. It was quite successful (Source: Robert Boyer). the advent of the fi rst commercially successful whip In about July 1942, during World War II, Henry Ford topping, created near the end of World War II by Bob Rich created the George Washington Carver Laboratory in in Buffalo, New York, the entire category of non-dairy Greenfi eld Village (Dearborn, Michigan), in honor of George products was born. But it was not an easy birth. Washington Carver (who shared many of Ford’s beliefs, The basic lineage of the U.S. non-dairy industry is: including those about cows; Carver made milk from peanuts). Henry Ford > George Washington Carver Laboratory There Ford assembled a team of scientists to intensify his (established by Henry Ford in Ford’s Greenfi eld Village in research on alternatives to dairy products – including soymilk Dearborn, Michigan; soymilk research was conducted by and “soy whip topping.” He served this soymilk to patients in Robert A. “Bob” Smith and Holton W. “Rex” Diamond) the nearby Ford Hospital, and he offered to give the soymilk > Bob Rich and Rich Products, Inc. > Holton W. “Rex” recipe to anyone who was interested. Bob Rich was one of