SOURCES, REMARKS, OBSERVATIONS, ANECDOTES, TRANSLATIONS, AND PERHAPS DIFFERENT INTERPRETATIONS OF “NEW” SUPPLEMENTAL POLISH MAZUR-MAZURKA SOURCES DANCE MATERIAL (EXCLUDING DANCE MANUALS) TO BE CONSIDERED AS AN ADDENDUM OR SUPPLEMENT TO PREVIOUSLY PUBLISHED WORK (1984) OF R. CWIĘKA - SKRZYNIARZ A CONTINUING WORK IN PROGRESS IN A CERTAIN TOPICAL OR THEMATIC ORDER ALSO ARRANGED CHRONLOGICALLY WHEN POSSIBLE — THERE ARE OVERLAPPING CATEGORIES © R. Cwieka 2006 Readers Note: Original material is in italics and surrounded by quotation marks. Side-by- side or immediately following is the translation for foreign language material if needed. SUPPLEMENTAL POLISH MAZUR – MAZURKA SOURCES ii TABLE OF CONTENTS THE LATE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY ............................................................................. 1 1770s KING PONIATOWSKI OF POLAND ............................................................. 1 1783...................................................................................................................................... 1 1790?-1812? SAXONY MAZUR .................................................................................... 1 A CERTAIN POLISH YOUNG LADY ............................................................................... 2 JOANNA GRUDZIŃSKA ................................................................................................ 2 1816 MAZUR AND JOANNA GRUDZIŃSKA .......................................................... 3 1816 JOANNA GRUDZIŃSKA AND THE GRAND DUKE .................................. 4 EARLY WARSZAWA DANCE LIFE.................................................................................. 5 1807-1808 THE DUCHY OF WARSZAWA ............................................................... 5 1812 NAPOLEON AND THE MAZUR? ..................................................................... 5 1816 WARSZAWA ........................................................................................................... 7 1837...................................................................................................................................... 7 WHAT IS A POLISH BALL? WHAT IS THE ATMOSPHERE OF A POLISH BALL? ......................................................................................................................................... 8 1851 A KRAKÓW BALL ............................................................................................... 8 1869 WARSZAWA, D IRECTORY ................................................................................ 8 1870 POLISH BALL, ATMOSPHERE, WARSZAWA .............................................. 9 1885 POLITICAL REPRESSION, WARSZAWA .................................................... 10 1894 MIDDLE CLASS, WARSZAWA ....................................................................... 11 1900-1914 BALL, UPPERCLASS ................................................................................ 12 1906-07 WARSZAWA, POLISH PATRIOTISM ...................................................... 20 1914 SO MANY BALLS, WARSZAWA ................................................................... 21 1917 WARSZAWA, A DANCE TEACHER ............................................................. 21 1920 WARSZAWA ......................................................................................................... 21 1920s SOCIAL ATMOSPHERE, WARSZAWA ....................................................... 23 1920s WARSZAWA, SOCIAL LIFE .......................................................................... 23 POLISH MANNERS, BEHAVOIR ..................................................................................... 24 1843 POLISH MANNERS, KISSING ........................................................................ 24 1923 POLISH SOCIAL MILITARY, ATMOSPHERE ........................................... 25 1925 POLISH SOLDIERS, WARSZAWA, ATMOSPHERE ................................. 26 1920s THE FRENCH IN POLAND ........................................................................... 26 1925 MORE FRENCH IN POLAND .......................................................................... 27 SUPPLEMENTAL POLISH MAZUR – MAZURKA SOURCES iii 1925 NUMBER OF BALLS, WARSZAWA .............................................................. 28 1926 WARSZAWA DANCE TEACHERS ................................................................. 28 1926-36 CARNIWAL SEASON, WARSZAWA ........................................................ 29 1930 A BALL, “BIAŁEGO MAZURA” IN WARSZAWA ...................................... 29 1939 MUSSOLINI’S DAUGHTER IN POLAND ..................................................... 30 WHAT ABOUT THE CITY OF LWÓW, ITS DANCE LIFE ? ITS SOCIETY? ... 31 1791 LWÓW .................................................................................................................... 31 1826 POLAND, LWÓW, AUSTRIA ........................................................................... 32 1880 LWÓW .................................................................................................................... 33 1918 FIGHTING LWÓW ............................................................................................. 35 LWÓW 1900 .................................................................................................................... 35 LWÓW 1919-39 .............................................................................................................. 35 KONTUSZ, LWÓW WEDDING ................................................................................. 36 MAZUR DANCE IN WILNO, IN LITHUANIA ............................................................. 36 1815 POLAND, GENTRY ATMOSPHERE .............................................................. 37 1900 MADAME PILSUDSKA, LITHUANIA ............................................................ 38 1904 WIŁNO ................................................................................................................... 38 1905 WIŁNO ................................................................................................................... 39 LITHUANIA 1939, ANTI-POLISH ACTIONS ......................................................... 40 IRONIC USAGE WW2 IN LITHUANIA ................................................................. 40 SOME MAZUR STEP-MOVEMENT INFORMATION ................................................. 41 1830 MICHEL SAINT LEON ..................................................................................... 41 1846 THE STACZYŃSKI’S MANUAL ..................................................................... 42 POLISH ETIQUETTE MANUALS ............................................................................. 46 THE RURAL OR GENTRY MAZUR OR MAZUREK ................................................ 46 1800 RURAL MAZUR .................................................................................................. 46 1830s RURAL MAZUR ................................................................................................. 48 1842 MORE RURAL MAZUR .................................................................................... 48 1847 AND MORE RURAL MAZUR ......................................................................... 49 1911 RUBIENSTEIN ...................................................................................................... 49 POLISH SOCIAL MILITARISM: ARMY, CAVALRY-UŁANS .................................. 49 1920s UŁAN ..................................................................................................................... 49 1922 WARSZAWA UŁAN ............................................................................................ 50 UŁAN INFLUENCE ON POLISH CULURE, 1920s ...................................................... 50 SUPPLEMENTAL POLISH MAZUR – MAZURKA SOURCES iv 1926 UŁAN CULTURE ................................................................................................. 50 1930s UŁAN CUSTOMS ............................................................................................... 51 1920-39 UŁAN REGIMENTS ...................................................................................... 52 UŁAN POLISH ARMY INFUENCE, ENGLAND, 1940s ...................................... 53 THE DANCE LIFE OF KRAKÓW ................................................................................... 53 1851 A KRAKÓW BALL ............................................................................................. 53 1855 KRAKÓW .............................................................................................................. 54 1856 KRAKÓW .............................................................................................................. 54 1895 KRAKÓW .............................................................................................................. 55 1880 KRAKÓW KONTUSZ ......................................................................................... 55 DANCE AND THE CITY OF LUBLIN ........................................................................... 56 1889 LUBLIN .................................................................................................................. 56 DANCE SCHOOLS AND DANCE LESSONS ................................................................. 56 1750-1764, SCHOOLS, EDUCATION ........................................................................ 56 1819 KRZEMIEN SCHOOL, WOŁYŃ ...................................................................... 57 1820-1830s