THE OBSERVATORY Founded in 1877 by Sir William Christie, Astronomer Royal EDITED BY D. J. Stickland R. W. Argyle S. J. Fossey Editors 1877–2015 W. H. M. Christie 1877–1882 P. J. D. Gething 1954–1956 E. W. Maunder 1881–1887 D. W. Dewhirst 1956–1957 A. M. W. Downing 1885–1887 A. Hewish 1957–1961 T. Lewis 1885–1887 W. R. Hindmarsh 1957–1961 and 1893–1912 B. E. J. Pagel 1961–1962 A. A. Common 1888–1892 J. E. Baldwin 1961–1962 H. H. Turner 1888–1897 D. McNally 1961–1963 H. P. Hollis 1893–1912 C. A. Murray 1961–1966 S. Chapman 1913–1914 P. A. Wayman 1962–1964 A. S. Eddington 1913–1919 R. V. Willstrop 1963–1966 F. J. M. Stratton 1913–1925 R. F. Griffin 1963–1985 H. Spencer Jones 1915–1923 J. B. Alexander 1964–1965 J. Jackson 1920–1927 S. V. M. Clube 1965–1966 W. M. H. Greaves 1924–1932 K. B. Gebbie 1966–1968 J. A. Carroll 1926–1931 W. Nicholson 1966–1973 G. Merton 1928 D. Lynden-Bell 1967–1969 W. H. Steavenson 1929–1933 C. Jordan 1968–1973 H. W. Newton 1929–1936 R. G. Bingham 1969–1972 R. O. Redman 1932–1935 M. V. Penston 1972–1975 R. v. d. R. Woolley 1933–1939 S. J. Burnell 1973–1976 W. H. McCrea 1935–1937 D. H. P. Jones 1973–1977 H. F. Finch 1936–1947 P. J. Andrews 1975–1983 A. D. Thackeray 1938–1942 G. G. Pooley 1976–1984 G. C. McVittie 1938–1948 R. C. Smith 1977–1983 H. R. Hulme 1940–1941 A. R. King 1982–1989 D. S. Evans 1941–1945 D. J. Stickland 1983– A. Hunter 1943–1949 C. R. Jenkins 1984–1992 G. L. Camm 1945–1947 R. W. Hilditch 1985–1989 A. Brown 1947–1948 M. G. Watson 1990–1991 M. A. Ellison 1947–1953 I. D. Howarth 1990–1997 G. J. Whitrow 1948–1950 A. Collier Cameron 1991–1997 E. M. Burbidge 1948–1951 P. C. T. Rees 1992–1993 P. J. Treanor 1949–1953 B. J. Boyle 1993–1996 J. G. Porter 1950–1960 R. W. Argyle 1996– M. W. Ovenden 1951–1952 P. T. O’Brien 1997–2000 P. A. Sweet 1953–1957 S. J. Fossey 1998– R. H. Garstang 1953–1960 VOLUME 135 2015 OBS Index 2015 Remade 2021.indd 1 15/02/2021 12:01 ii The Observatory AUTHOR INDEX Page numbers in italics refer to reviews Álvarez, J. V. ............................................ 257 James, N. ................................................. 159 Argyle, R. ................................................. 233 Jeffrey, C. S. ............................................. 103 Joachimi, B. ............................................. 117 Barstow, J. ................................................ 352 Jones, D. H. P. .......................................... 299 Barstow, M. ....................................... 310, 351 Batten, A. .................................................. 95 Kent, B. .................................................... 41 Bell, S. ..................................................... 307 King, A. .................................................. 230 Bicák, J. ..................................................... 97 Kirk, D. .................................................... 170 Bond, P. ............................................. 155, 227 Burkert, A. ................................................ 56 Leatherbarrow, W. ..................................... 154 Lerche, I. .................................................. 62 Calzada-Diaz, A. ..................................... 187 Carrasco, V. M. S. .................................... 257 Martin, P. .................................................. 49 Carter, D. ................................................. 169 Massey, R. ................................................... 1 Chapman, A. ........................................... 191 Masters, K. ............................................. 241 Chapman, S. ........................................... 121 McKim, R. .................................. 162, 229, 355 Chapman-Rietschi, P. ............................... 108 Miller, S. ................................................. 309 Cooke, C. ................................................. 151 Milone, E. ................................................ 142 Copley, A. ................................................. 54 Mitton, S. ........................ 46, 100, 150, 236, 307 Copperwheat, C. ...................................... 347 Corbally, C. .............................................. 147 Nakariakov, V. ........................................... 165 Cowley, S. ................................................. 49 Nayyeri, H. .............................................. 239 Nissanke, S. ............................................ 189 Davies, C. ............................................... 113 Dougherty, M. ........................................ 246 Penny, A. .................................................. 147 Dunkley, J. .............................................. 249 Phillips, K. ........................................ 104, 306 Dunlop, J. ............................................... 182 Potter, C. ................................................. 158 Dunlop, S. ................................... 153, 224, 353 Quataert, E. .............................................. 58 Elliston, J. ............................................... 176 Emery, J. ................................................. 251 Ray, T. ..................................................... 179 Ridpath, I. ................................................ 354 Feeney, S. ................................................... 3 Robinson, T. ............................................. 305 Foulger, G. ............................................... 163 Russell, S. ............................................... 230 Gomez, J. M. ........................................... 220 Siemion, A. ............................................. 243 Gough, D. ................................................ 349 Smith, G. H. ........................................... 312 Gough, M. ............................................... 157 Stickland, D. J. .................................. 102, 342 Gray, N. ................................................... 164 Griffin, M. .............................................. 184 Tatum, J. B. .............................................. 166 Griffin, R. E. M. .................... 105, 168, 225, 348 Trimble, V. ...... 45, 48, 101, 105, 110, 149, 152, 168, Griffin, R. F. ... 7, 15, 71, 122, 193, 265, 321, 357 226, 228, 236, 303, 343, 346, 350, 352, 356 Halliday, A. ............................................. 178 van Dokkum, P. ....................................... 244 Harker, G. ............................................... 253 van Leeuwen, F. ....................................... 155 Hauck, N. ................................................... 7 Vaquero, J. M. .................................. 220, 257 Heavens, A. ....................................... 100, 304 Helbig, P. ................. 50, 218, 222, 234, 237, 302 Walker, E. N. ............................................ 160 Holten, D. ................................................ 305 Walker, S. A. ............................................. 51 Hough, J. ................................................. 103 Walters, R. .............................................. 173 Howarth, I. D. ............................. 156, 231, 232 Wheeler, H. .............................................. 161 Howarth, J. ............................................... 158 Williams, P. M. .................................. 109, 223 Hughes, D. W. ................... 43, 47, 106, 107, 109, 148, 162, 343, 344, 345, 346 OBS Index 2015 Remade 2021.indd 2 15/02/2021 12:01 Index to Volume 135 iii SUBJECT INDEX Black holes: Watching a small gas cloud on its way into the central supermassive black hole of the Milky Way (A. Burkert) ................................................................................................. 56 Black-hole births in real time (S. Nissanke) .............................................................................. 189 Correspondence: On cosmogony and cosmology (A. H. Batten) ............................................................................ 95 Cosmology and cosmogony (P. Helbig) .................................................................................... 218 The sunspot observations by Rheita in 1642 (J. M. Gómez & J. M. Vaquero) ............................. 220 Cosmic Microwave Background: BICEP2’s B mode detection: have we seen (or jumped) the smoking gun of inflation? (S. Feeney) ............................................................................................................................. 3 Observing the early Universe (J. Dunkley) ............................................................................... 249 Cosmology: How the Universe evolved from smooth to lumpy (E. Quataert) ................................................. 58 On cosmogony and cosmology (A. H. Batten) ............................................................................ 95 Cosmology with galaxy shapes (B. Joachimi) ............................................................................ 117 Observational predictions of generalized inflationary scenarios (J. Elliston) ............................... 176 Cosmology and cosmogony (P. Helbig) .................................................................................... 218 Galaxies: Galaxy Zoo science results: revealing the impact of galactic bars (K. Masters) ........................... 241 Ghostly galaxies: exploring the Universe with the Dragonfly telescope (P. van Dokkum) ............. 244 Geophysics: Exploring the controls on earthquakes and tectonics: from the plains of India to the greatest mountain range on Earth (A.