MnPASS System Study Phase 3 Final Report 4/21/2018 MnPASS System Study Phase 3 | Final Report 1 Table of Contents Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Table of Figures ......................................................................................................................................... 4 Table of Tables .......................................................................................................................................... 6 Acronyms ................................................................................................................................................... 8 Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................... 9 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 16 2. Review of Previous Studies ................................................................................................................. 19 3. Initial Corridor Screening ..................................................................................................................... 21 4. System Scenario Evaluation Method ................................................................................................... 39 5. System Scenario No.1 .......................................................................................................................... 46 6. System Scenario No.2 .......................................................................................................................... 52 7. System Scenario No.3 .......................................................................................................................... 59 8. Results Summary ................................................................................................................................. 66 9. MnPASS System Scenario 3 Benefits ................................................................................................... 68 10. MnPASS System Issues and Opportunities ........................................................................................ 75 Operations .......................................................................................................................................... 75 Evolving Technologies ......................................................................................................................... 85 Environmental Justice and Equity ....................................................................................................... 94 Transit ................................................................................................................................................. 95 Freight ................................................................................................................................................. 97 Enforcement ..................................................................................................................................... 100 Finance .............................................................................................................................................. 107 11. Coordination with the Congestion Management Safety Plan (CMSP) ............................................ 110 12. MnPASS Spot Mobility Improvements ............................................................................................ 113 13. Transit Agency Feedback ................................................................................................................. 114 14. Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................... 115 15. References ....................................................................................................................................... 117 16. Appendices ...................................................................................................................................... 119 MnPASS System Study Phase 3 | Final Report 2 Appendix A. MnPASS Phase 3 - Constructability / Affordability Evaluation Table ........................... 119 Appendix B. PMT and TSC Members ................................................................................................ 122 Appendix C. System Scenario Corridor Inclusion .............................................................................. 125 Appendix D. Individual Corridor Results ........................................................................................... 127 Appendix E. Review of Previous Studies Technical Memorandum................................................... 144 MnPASS System Study Phase 3 | Final Report 3 Table of Figures Figure 1: Study Process 10 Figure 2: System Scenario 3 Corridor Map 13 Figure 3: MnPASS System Study and TPP Timeline 17 Figure 4: Study Process 18 Figure 5: Existing and 2040 TPP Corridors 25 Figure 6: Additional Corridors 26 Figure 7: Typical Sections 31 Figure 8: Roadway Improvement Assumptions 45 Figure 9: System Scenario #1 Map 47 Figure 10: System Scenario #2 Map 54 Figure 11: System Scenario #3 Map 61 Figure 12: Percent Increase of Peak Period Freeway Trips with Congestion-Free Option (System with Existing MnPASS) 69 Figure 13: Percent Increase of Peak Period Freeway Trips with Congestion-Free Option (System with Existing and Tier 1 MnPASS) 69 Figure 14: Percent Increase of Peak Period Freeway Trips with Congestion-Free Option 70 Figure 15: Percent Increase of Peak Period Freeway Trips with Congestion-Free Option 70 Figure 16: Change in Number of Peak Period Freeway Trips with Congestion-Free Option 72 Figure 17: Peak Period Person Trips 73 Figure 18: I-35W MnPASS 75 Figure 19: Segmented Pricing 76 Figure 20: Lane Exceptions 78 Figure 21: Switchable Tag Transponder 79 Figure 22: Double White Striping Restricting Access to MnPASS 81 Figure 23: Dashed Striping Allowing Access to MNPASS 81 Figure 24: SAE Automated Function Classification (Fehr and Peers, 2017) 87 Figure 25: Transit using MnPASS 95 Figure 26: Bus Operator Survey 1 97 Figure 27: Bus Operator Survey 2 97 MnPASS System Study Phase 3 | Final Report 4 Figure 28: Truck Restrictions 98 Figure 29: Tolls for 3+ Axle Trucks/Trailers 98 Figure 30: Enforcement Assistance CCTV Camera 101 Figure 31: Image Quality Problems 102 Figure 32: Illuminator and CCTV Camera 103 Figure 33: Phase 2 Enforcement Images 103 Figure 34: Intermittent Enforcement Shoulders 104 Figure 35: HOV/Carpool Violation Signs 106 Figure 36: CMSP 4 and MnPASS 3 Locations 112 Figure 37: System Scenario 3 Corridors 116 MnPASS System Study Phase 3 | Final Report 5 Table of Tables Table 1: Scenario 3 MnPASS Corridors ....................................................................................................... 12 Table 2: Congestion Severity ....................................................................................................................... 27 Table 3: Employee Scoring .......................................................................................................................... 28 Table 4: Overall Classification Scoring ........................................................................................................ 28 Table 5: Constructability/Affordability ....................................................................................................... 33 Table 6: Initial Screening Results Summary ................................................................................................ 35 Table 7: Cost Variability Criteria ................................................................................................................. 43 Table 8: System Scenario #1 Definition ...................................................................................................... 46 Table 9: MnPASS Lane Miles ....................................................................................................................... 48 Table 10: Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled (in thousands)* ............................................................................. 48 Table 11: Daily Vehicle Hours Traveled (in thousands)* ............................................................................ 48 Table 12: Average Speed (miles per hour)* ................................................................................................ 49 Table 13: Congested Lane Miles* ............................................................................................................... 49 Table 14: Mode Shift (thousands of daily person trips)* ............................................................................ 49 Table 15: Scenario Cost for System Scenario #1 ......................................................................................... 50 Table 16: System Scenario #1 Corridor Benefits ......................................................................................... 50 Table 17: System Scenario #1 Corridor Costs ............................................................................................. 51 Table 18: System Scenario #2 Definition .................................................................................................... 52 Table 19: MnPASS Lane Miles ....................................................................................................................