Petroleum Geology and Resources of the Middle Caspian Basin, Former Soviet Union By Gregory F. Ulmishek U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2201–A U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior Gale A. Norton, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Charles G. Groat, Director Version 1.0, 2001 This publication is only available online at: http://geology.cr.usgs.gov/pub/bulletins/b2201–a Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government Manuscript approved for publication March 23, 2001 Published in the Central Region, Denver, Colorado Graphics by Susan Walden Photocomposition by Norma J. Maes Edited by L.M. Carter Contents Foreword................................................................................................................................................ 1 Abstract ................................................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................... 3 Province Overview .............................................................................................................................. 3 Province Location and Boundaries ........................................................................................... 3 Tectono-Stratigraphic Sequences ............................................................................................ 3 Structure ........................................................................................................................................ 5 Petroleum Systems....................................................................................................................... 5 South Mangyshlak Total Petroleum System (110902), Middle Caspian Basin, Kazakhstan............................................................................................................................... 7 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 7 Discovery History.......................................................................................................................... 7 Petroleum Occurrence ................................................................................................................ 7 Stratigraphic Section ................................................................................................................... 9 Source Rocks ................................................................................................................................ 12 Reservoir Rocks............................................................................................................................ 13 Seal Rocks ..................................................................................................................................... 13 Traps ............................................................................................................................................... 13 Assessment Units......................................................................................................................... 15 Assessment Unit 11090201, South Mangyshlak (Entire) .................................................. 15 Terek-Caspian Total Petroleum System (110901), Middle Caspian Basin, Russia.................... 15 Introduction.................................................................................................................................... 15 Discovery History .......................................................................................................................... 15 Petroleum Occurrence................................................................................................................. 16 Stratigraphic Section.................................................................................................................... 18 Source Rocks................................................................................................................................. 18 Reservoir Rocks............................................................................................................................. 22 Seal Rocks...................................................................................................................................... 22 Traps................................................................................................................................................ 22 Assessment Units.......................................................................................................................... 23 Assessment Unit 11090101, Foldbelt-Foothills................................................................... 23 Assessment Unit 11090103, Foreland Slope and Foredeep............................................. 23 Assessment Unit 11090102, Terek-Sunzha Subsalt Jurassic.......................................... 23 Stavropol-Prikumsk Total Petroleum System (110903), Middle Caspian Basin, Russia........... 25 Introduction.................................................................................................................................... 25 Discovery History .......................................................................................................................... 27 Petroleum Occurrence................................................................................................................. 27 Stratigraphic Section.................................................................................................................... 30 Source Rocks................................................................................................................................. 30 Reservoir Rocks. ........................................................................................................................... 33 Seal Rocks. .................................................................................................................................... 35 Traps................................................................................................................................................ 35 Assessment Units................................................................................................................................. 35 Assessment Unit 11090302, Onshore Stavropol-Prikumsk ............................................. 35 Assessment Unit 11090301, Offshore Prikumsk Zone....................................................... 36 Assessment Unit 11090303, Central Caspian Offshore..................................................... 36 References Cited.................................................................................................................................. 36 III Figures 1. Map showing petroleum systems and assessment units, Middle Caspian basin, Province 1109 ............................................................................................................................... 2 2. Generalized map showing main structural units of Middle Caspian basin........................ 4 3. Cross section through Middle Caspian basin ......................................................................... 6 4. Generalized map showing structural units of South Mangyshlak petroleum system...... 8 5. Sketch map showing Triassic rift systems of South Mangyshlak ....................................... 9 6. Cross section (southwest-northeast) through South Mangyshlak petroleum system .... 10 7. Cross section (south-north) through South Mangyshlak petroleum system..................... 11 8. South Mangyshlak petroleum system events chart .............................................................. 14 9. Structural map of eastern North Caucasus region................................................................ 16 10. Cross sections through Terek-Sunzha and Dagestan thrust belts...................................... 17 11. Columnar stratigraphic section of Mesozoic-Tertiary rocks of Terek-Caspian petroleum system......................................................................................................................... 19 12. Maps showing maturity zones in stratigraphic units of eastern North Caucasus region............................................................................................................................................. 20 13. Terek-Caspian petroleum system events chart...................................................................... 21 14. Columnar stratigraphic section of Mesozoic-Tertiary rocks of Stavropol-Prikumsk petroleum system......................................................................................................................... 26 15. Structural map of Triassic taphrogenic sequence of eastern North Caucasus region... 28 16. Cross section through Stavropol-Prikumsk petroleum system............................................ 29 17. Diagram showing maturation model for Kochubey 2 well.................................................... 31 18. Diagram showing maturation model for Gorokhov 9 well..................................................... 32 19. Stavropol-Prikumsk petroleum system events chart............................................................