Catalogue no. 89-642-X — No. 001 ISSN 1923-3086 ISBN 978-1-100-15794-8 Analytical Paper Portrait of Official-Language Minorities in Canada: Francophones in Ontario by Jean-Pierre Corbeil and Sylvie Lafrenière Jean Talon Building, 7th Floor, 170 Tunney's Pasture Driveway Social and Aboriginal Statistics Division Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0T6 How to obtain more information For information about this product or the wide range of services and data available from Statistics Canada, visit our website at www.statcan.gc.ca, e-mail us at [email protected], or telephone us, Monday to Friday from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., at the following numbers: Statistics Canada’s National Contact Centre Toll-free telephone (Canada and United States): Inquiries line 1-800-263-1136 National telecommunications device for the hearing impaired 1-800-363-7629 Fax line 1-877-287-4369 Local or international calls: Inquiries line 1-613-951-8116 Fax line 1-613-951-0581 Depository Services Program Inquiries line 1-800-635-7943 Fax line 1-800-565-7757 To access this product This product, Catalogue no. 89-642-X, is available free in electronic format. 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May 2010 Catalogue no. 89-642-X no. 001 ISSN 1923-3086 ISBN 978-1-100-1 5794-8 Frequency: Occasional Ottawa La version française de cette publication est disponible sur demande (no 89-642-X no 001 au catalogue). Note of appreciation Canada owes the success of its statistical system to a long-standing partnership between Statistics Canada, the citizens of Canada, its businesses, governments and other institutions. Accurate and timely statistical information could not be produced without their continued cooperation and goodwill. User information Symbols The following standard symbols are used in Statistics Canada publications: . not available for any reference period .. not available for a specific reference period ... not applicable 0 true zero or a value rounded to zero 0s value rounded to 0 (zero) where there is a meaningful distinction between true zero and the value that was rounded p preliminary r revised x suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act E usewithcaution F too unreliable to be published Acknowledgements This report was made possible thanks to the collaboration and financial support of Canadian Heritage's and Official Languages. The authors wish to thank Julie Bertrand and Daniel Pereira of the Language Statistics Section of Statistics Canada for their technical support and their active participation in this project. As well, acknowledgements are given to Dany Faucher, methodologist and Michèle Lanoue, Denis Theriault and Suzanne Belair, René Houle et Jean-François Lepage of the Social and Aboriginal Statistics Division for their indispensible collaboration in the finalization of this project. Finally, the authors wish to thank Louise Marmen, assistant-director of the same division for her suggestions and relevant comments when revising earlier version of the document. Portrait of Official-Language Minorities in Canada: Francophones in Ontario Table of contents Introduction.............................................................................................................................................................6 Section 1 Definitions of Ontario’s French-speaking population .......................................................................7 Data sources.......................................................................................................................................................9 Section 2 Evolution of the population by mother tongue and first official language spoken..................... 10 2.1 Evolution of the population by mother tongue ...................................................................................... 10 2.2 Evolution of the population by first official language spoken ............................................................. 11 2.3 Geographic distribution of the population with French as first official language spoken................ 13 2.4 Relative proportion within municipalities of residence and geographic concentration index......... 13 Section 3 Factors influencing the evolution of the population with French as a mother tongue............... 17 3.1 Fertility ....................................................................................................................................................... 17 3.2 Transmission of mother tongue and the effect of exogamy ................................................................ 18 3.3 Age structure............................................................................................................................................. 24 3.4 Language transfers or intragenerational linguistic mobility ................................................................ 29 3.5 Use of French in the public sphere ......................................................................................................... 34 3.6 Knowledge of French................................................................................................................................36 3.7 Migration (interprovincial and international migratory movements)................................................... 41 3.7.1 Place of birth ........................................................................................................................................ 41 3.7.2 International immigration...................................................................................................................... 42 3.7.3 Interprovincial migration....................................................................................................................... 44 Section 4 A few key sectors for the vitality of official-language minority communities.............................. 48 4.1 Health ......................................................................................................................................................... 48 4.2 Justice ........................................................................................................................................................ 50 4.3 Education................................................................................................................................................... 54 4.3.1 Children................................................................................................................................................ 54 4.3.2 Adults ................................................................................................................................................... 57 4.4 Media, arts and culture ............................................................................................................................. 63 4.5 Community life .......................................................................................................................................... 66 4.6 Employment and income characteristics ............................................................................................... 68 4.6.1 Distribution among employment sectors by region of residence......................................................... 70 4.6.2 Use of French at work by industrial sector........................................................................................... 72 4.6.3 Income differentials.............................................................................................................................. 74 Section 5 Subjective vitality…………………………………………………………………………………………. 76 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................................... 80 Geographic Maps................................................................................................................................................