MEDRAP II RAB/89/005-RER/87/000 FIELD DOCUMENT MEDITERRANEAN ARTEMIA, TRAINING COURSE AND SITE SURVEY 94/33 Tunisia and Libya, May 25-30 1994 United Nations Development Programme Food and Agricultura Organisation of the United Nations Edited by MEDRAP II Regional Center Tunis - Tunisia All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, Publications Division, Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy. Preparation of this Document This document is one of a series of documents prepared during the course of the Project identified in the title page. The conclusions and recommendations given were considered appropriate at the time it was prepared. They may be modified in the light of further knowledge gained at subsequent stages of the Project. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The opinions expressed by the Authors in this document are not necessarily those of FAO or the Governments of the participating contries. This document was edited by Hassen AKROUT and Mohieddine BELKHIR in collaboration with Othman BEJI and Neila KAFFEL, the revision was made by Michel LAMBŒUF. Abstract The Training course on Sites surveys on Mediterranean Artemia was organised from 25 to 30 May in Tunisia and Libya. The objective was to update participants with biology, ecology and production of artemia. Better exchange between participants of Mediterranean coutries was facilitated, this should be contiinued and cooperation reinforced. The production of artemia could contribute to food security in the region in the long term, a complete inventory of the possibilities and a development of technical capabilities is required. Acknowledgements The Editor would like to thank the Tunisian and Libyan authorities, for their support to the organisation of this activity. Thanks are also addressed to the participants from Member/Associated countries who accepted to contribute to the workshop. Note from the reviser The revision and publication of this document could only be done a long time after the closure of the project. This has led to some difficulties in finalising the documents and implementing corrections, because authors and contributors as well as some of the original material or files were no longer available. Therefore contributions from participants and session papers annexed to most of the documents were left in their original form. No language corrections were introduced, the content was not modified and left under their respective authors' responsibility. Considering the above, we hope that the reader will understand that a standard of publication could not e maintained on a level as high as we would have liked it to be. CONTENTS • Agenda 1 • List of participants 5 • Report 9 • COMMUNICATIONS 13, 15 • L'Artemia en Tunisie, 17 By Néji Aloui • Potentiel d' Artemia en Tunisie, 25 By B. Missaoui and N. Abdelkader • Artemia production case study in Egypt, 29 By S. Ghoneim • Geografical distribution of Artemia in the Jamahiriya, 31 By M. O. Magsodi • Situation de L' Artemia au Liban, 33 By M. A. Abi Saad • Sur L'Artemia Marocaine, 33 By M. H. Amane • Artemia statement in Turkey, 33 By N. Gokgoz • Sur L'Artemia Algérienne, 35 By I. Samia • Les salines, sebkhas, chotts et l'Artemia en Tunisie 35 By M. S. Romdhane • Artemia production case study in Tunisia, 37 By M. Belkhir • Artemia production in Egypt, 39 By M.A.S.D. Ahmed • The cosmopolitan brine shrimp 41 By G. V. Stappen and P. Sorgeloos • Morphological characterisation of adult Artemia from different 47 geographical origin in the Mediterranean populations By F. Hontoria and F. Amat • Further characterisation of two Artemia populations from Northern 57 Greece biometry, hatching characteristics, caloric content and fatty acid profiles. By T. Abatzopoulos, G. Karamanlidis, P. Léger and P. Sorgeloos • Lipid composition of cysts of the brine shrimp Artemia sp. from Spanish 71 populations. By J. C. Navarro, F. Amat and J. R. Sargent • International Study on Artemia IX. Lipid level, energy content and fatty 81 acid compostion of the cysts and newly hatched nauplii from five geographicial strains of Artemia S. By Paul Schauer, D. Michael Johns, Charles E. Olney, and Kenneth. L. Simpson USA • International Study on Artemia*. XXVI. Food Value of Nauplii from 91 Referenc Artemia Cysts and Four Geographical Collections of Artemia for Mud Crab Larvae By C.R. Seidel, D.M. Johns, P.S. Schauer and CE. Olney • Overview genetics of mediterranean bisexual Artemia. 954 By E. J. S. Pilla • The nutritional value of Artemia 107 By P. Leger, D. A. Bengtson, P. Sorgeloos, K.L. Simpson and A. D. Beek • Improved larviculture outputs of marine Fish shrimp and prawn 125 By P. Sorgeloos and PH. Léger • The use of brine shrimp Artemia in biological management of solar 141 saltworks By W. Tackaert and P. Sorgeloos • Semi Intensive culturing in fertilised ponds 151 By W. Tackaert and P. Sorgeloos AGENDA First Part - TUNISIA Wednesday 25 May 9:00 - Opening session - Welcome addresses - Election of officials - Adoption of the agenda 10:00 - Artemia basic support of aquaculture (historical aspects, main areas of production, world production potentialities) By Patrick Sorgeloos (Belgium) - Artemia in the Mediterranean basin (needs and potential production By G. Van Stappen (Belgium) - Discussion 11:15 - Coffee break - Visit to Mègrine saltworks: field observations, presentation of ecological 11:30 characteristics By N. Aloui (Tunisia) 13:30 - Lunch 15:30 - Biology and ecology of Mediterranean Artemia: • Artemia populations of the Eastern Mediterranean basin Th. Abatzopoulos (Greece) • Genetics of Mediterranean bisexual Artemia By Th. Abatzopoulos (Greece) • Genetics of Mediterranean bisexual Artemia By John A. Pilla (UK) and F. Amat (Spain) - Discussion 17:00 - MEDRAP members' experiences on Artemia By respective delegates - Discussion Thursday 26 May 7:00 - Departure to Monastir 8:30 - Visit of “Aquaculture Tunisienne” marine fish farm in Hergla: Scope on Artemia use in marine hatchery. By M.S. Zine el Abidine (Tunisia) 10:30 - Visit of Sahlin saltworks: field observations; presentation of ecological caracteristics of the saltlake By Mrs A. Medhioub (Tunisia) 12:30 Visit of Centre National d'Aquaculture in Monastir (CNA): The CNA experience in larvae nutrition using Artemia as basic support in marine hatching. By Mrs. A. Medhioub (Tunisia) 13:30 - Lunch in Monastir 15:00 - Departure of Sfax 17:00 - Visit Sfax saltworks: fiel observations; presentation ecological characteristics of the saltlake By Khemakhem (Tunisia) Second Part - LYBIA Friday 27 May 6:00 - Departure to Tripoli 11:00 - Visit of Abi Kamash salt lake: field observations; presentation of ecological characteristics By M. Omar Maksoudi (Libya) 14:00 - Arrival to Tripoli 14:30 - Lunch 18:00 - Departure of SIRTE (from Marine Biology Research Centre) 23:00 - Arrival to SIRTE Saturday 28 May 9:00 - Opening session in Lybia - Welcome speeches - Election of officials 10:00 - Tea break 10:30 - State of the art with regard to Artemia strain selection, naupliar manipulation and use in aquaculture By P. Sorgeloos (Belgium) 11:00 - Artemia model systems: * USA case study. By p. Sorgeloos * Vietnam case study. By G. Van Stappen * Tunisia case study. By M. Belkhir * Egypt case study. By S. Ghoneim Discussion 13:00 - Lunch 14:00 - Mediterranean Artemia production perspectives: * Developsment strategies * Constraints (socio-economic aspects) * Integration with salt production, * Biological problems, * Production and utilisation - Discussion - Round table and general discussion on the workshop report: proposals for 16:00 conclusions and recommendations 17:30 - Visit of Great Man Made River Project 19:30 - Back to resident place 19:45 - Reporting: Conclusions and Recommendations 21:30 - Adjournement 22:00 - Dinner Sunday 29 May 7:00 - Departure from Sirte to Tripoli 11:00 - Visit to Aïn Kaam aquaculture farm (Khoms) 12:00 - Visit to Lebda archeological site 13 : 00 - Lunch 15 : 30 - Back to Tripoli and Lunch. 15 : 00 - Visit to Marine Biology Research Centre 17 : 00 - Arrival to Tripoli Monday 30 May 6 : 00 - Departure from Tripoli to Tunisia LIST OF PARTICIPANTS ALGERIA MRS. IZEM SAMIA ALGER Port, Algeria C/O Mr. Zenasni Phone :213.2.71.213.940 Fax :213.2.71.21.42 CYPRUS MR. GEORGE GEORGIOU Biologist Department of Fisheries-Ministry of Agriculture Natural Resources and Environment 13, Aeolou Str. Nicosia, Cyprus Phone :357.2.30.35.26 Fax :357.2.36.59.55 EGYPT MR. AHMED SALAH EL DEEN AHMED Specialist of Marine Hatchery General Authority for Fish Resources Development 4, Tayaran Str. Nasr City - Cairo Phone :202.2620 118 Fax :202.2620 117 LEBANON MRS. MARIE ABI SAAB ABOUD Principle Researecher/Plankton Marine Research centre. PO BOX 123 Jounieh Phone :961.9.918 857 LIBYA Mr. MOHAMED OMAR MAGSODI Marine Biology Research Centre P.O Box 30 830 - Tajoura Phone :218.21.59.0001/3 Fax :218.21.69.0002 MOROCCO MR. HAMID AMANE Manager of live food Société MAROST BP 4 NADOR Phone :212.6.60.68.32 Fax :212.6.60.68.16 TUNISIA Mr. ALOUI NEJI Researcher Aquaculture Institut National Scientifique et Technique d'Océanographie et de Pêche - 2025 Salammbo Phone :216.1.730 420/548 Fax :216.1.732 622 TURKEY MRS. NEVIN GOKGOZ Vice Head-Live Food Production Unit Marine Fish Hatchery - Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beymalek. Central Aquaculture and Development Centre.