812 [POST OFf'ICE free; subsoil, principally of a shelfy nature. The chief Letters through Liskeard, delivered by foot from Sand crops are wheat and barley. The area is 3,199 acres (in­ place, which is the nearest posting box. The nearest cluding 130 of water); gross estimated rental, £3,310; money order office is at East Looe rateable value, £2,873; and the population in 1871 was 312. Free School, John Henwood, master Parish Clerk, John Hen wood. Farwell Rev. William, B.A. [rector], Cook Richard, farmer, Barbican Muchmore John, farmer, Longcoe Rectory Cook Simon, farmer, Hay Pearce J ames, farmer, Keverall Foster Mrs. Windsworth Cook Thomas, farmer, Treloy Pearce J olm, farmer, Penveith Holt Mrs. Treloy Hancock Henry, farmer, Penhale Pearce Richard, farmer, Bodiga Murray William, Marrayton lodge Hancock William, miller, Keverall Pearce William, farmer, Bucklawren Chiswe11 Henry, farmer, Treloy Lillecrapp Jas. Palmer, farmer, Treloy Rosevear George, farmer, Tregoad Cook John, farmer, Kellow Luke John, blacksmith, Penveith Symons William, farmer, Palace court ST. MARTIN-IN-MENEAGE is a parish, 7 miles Oxford. There is a school for girls, supported by Sir R. south-east-by-east from Helston, Eastern division of the R. Vyvyan, bart., who is lord of the manor and chief land­ county, hundred ofKerrier, Helston union and county court owner. The soil is lig!Jt and ftrtile; the subsoil is marl and district, rural deanery of Kerrier, Cornwall archdeaconry, gravel. The chief crops are wheat. The area is 2,369 acres, and Exeter diocese. The church of St. Martin is a plain of which 75 is water; gross estimated rental, £2,477; rate­ building, rebuilt in 1830: it has chancel, nave, porch, and able value, £2,168; and the population in 1871 was 424. square embattled tower surmounted with pinnacles, and NEWTOWN is a village. containing 1 bell : there are seven stained windows in the Parish Clerk, Richard Curkeet. church. The register dates from the year 1571. The living is a rectory,annexed to St. Mawgan-in-Meneage, joint Letters through Helston, which is the nearest money order yearly value £900, in the gift of, and held by, the Rev. office William Henry Bloxsome, M.A., of Wadham College, School, Miss 1\fary J ane Bishop, mistress Grylls Gerveys, Sworne J ohns John, shoe maker Serjeant John, surgeon, The Green James Mrs. Sworne Lawrence John, farmer, Trethewey Simon William, farmer · Serjeant John, The Green Lyne Hannibal, farmer, Tregevas Thomas Hy. Carter, farmer, Trewince Lyne Henry, farmer, Higher Tredower Thomas Thomas, farmer, Mudianvean COMMERCIAL. Lory James, farmer, Middle Tredower Trewin William, grocer, Newtown Cook WiJliam, carpenter, The Green Morkham Harriett(Miss), shopkeeper, Truscott William, Prince of Wales Curnow Henry, blacksmith The Green Williams Jane (Mrs.),£'lrmer; Trenance Davey William, farmer Morkham Thomas, farmer, Chenall Williams Joseph, jun. farmer, Tresize Davies William, farmer, Barrinailor Pascoe John Gilbert, farmer, Mudgeon Williams Simon, farmer, Lower Tre- · Harry William, farmer, Treavador Ralph John, farmer, Wythan dower Hill John, farmer, Gumbarthis Randle Alfred, farmer Williams Wm.boot& shoema.Newtown Hill John, farmer, Tregiddris Richards William, farmer, Trelean Williams Wm.jun. shopkpr. Newtown Johns Thomas, farmer, St. Martin Rowe ~arah (Mrs.),shopkpr.Newtown Wills William, grocer, Newtown ST. MAWES is a town in the parish of St. Just-in-Rose­ I. " Honora Henricvm octavvm, Anglie, Francie, et land, Western division of the county, hundred of Powder, Hibernie Regem excellentissimvm. Truro union and county court district, 2 miles east from Falmouth by water, and 9 south from Truro. The name is 2. "Semper vivat a1-a Regis Henrici Octavi qvi derived from St. Mawe, Machutus, Mauditus, Maudit, or Anno 34 Regni hoc fecit fieri. Mat, of whom tradition relates that he was of a noble family 3. " Semper bonos, Henrice, tuns lavdesqve in Wales, in the sixth century, who in his youth became a manebunt. monk, and when driven from Wales by the Saxons, estab­ 4. " Gavdeat, Edwardo nunc Duce,Cornvbia Felix. lished himself at this spot, then a rock with a fountain or 1. " Honor Henry the Eighth the most excellent, well beneath, and carved himself a chair of stone; the King of England, France and Ireland. heights were bare of trees, but covered and coloured up 2. " May the soul of King Henry the Eighth live with the Rhos, or heath, which gives a name to the cluster for ever, who in the 34th year (1543) of his of four parishes which are called Roseland. At the Re­ reign commanded this (castle) to be built. formation, his picture, and a stone chair said to be his, were in the chapel, and one side of the chair now forms the 3. " Henry, thy honor and praise shall ever remain. side of some stonework at the foot of a house beside his 4. " Happy Cornwall may rejoice, Edward now well, which is still in use: he afterwards left for France, being her Duke." :fleeing from the 8axons, and took up his abode on a barren rock upon the coast of France, in the bay now called after In the hall, over the door:- him, St. Malo -in ancitnt times Maclovius: he was called " God save Kynge Henri ye Eighth. to serve as bishop of a place called Alet. The town is "God save Prynce Edwarde. situate at the entrance of Carreg road and opposite Fal­ " God 8ave Kynge Henri ye Eighth." mouth; the harbour within Carreg-narth Point and St. The castle is built of stone, upon the solid rock, upon an Mawes Castle Point, varies in breadth from 800 to 1,000 elevation of 117 feet above high-water mark : a lower tier yard!'l, and extends in an easterly direction about 1,200 or-battery of guns was formed in 1855, mounting twelve yards : at the lowest spring tides the water is from ll to guns, eight of 65 lb. and four of96 1b.,capable of carrying a 2! fathoms deep. On the right is the Castle of St. Mawes, shell of 96lb., or a solid shot ofl30 lb. : the upper tiers are where the waves dash upon the rocks-a dangerous part of not mounted : the bores of the guns are 8-inch and 10-inch, the coast in stormy weather: opposite, Pendennis rises pro­ and they are mounted upon traversing platforms. There minently over the waters, with an old keep on the eastern are two magazines, shell and store rooms, and two ann 10ide; to the southward are the Zone Point ami the Light­ sheds. The fortress protects the entrance to the harbours of house on the heights of St. Anthony which rise up on the Falmou th and St. l\1 awes, ami was erected many years pre­ left until they dip down opposite to St. 1\'Iawe~. The pilot viously to Pendennis. Great fault has heen found with its vessels of St. 1\Iawes and the traders of Gerrans follow the position, as it is completelv commanded from the high lands winding of the creek to Porthcuel, distant nearly 2 miles above it on the north. This town was made a borough in north. At the entrance to the harbour, and distant from 1563, and sent two members to Parliament, but was dis­ the castle about 200 yards, is the Lugo Rock, marked with franchiEed in 18.'32. By the exertions and under the a black buoy as a dangerous place; at low tide it is covered superintendence of the rector of St. Just, a !!ea wall with a by only two feet of water. St. Mawes Castle was erected parapet has been built along the centre front of the town. in tl1e year 1543, in the reign of Henry VIII.: in the year In 1854 the St. Mawes Pier and Harbour Company obtained 1646 it was bombarded by Sir Thomas Fairfax, and after a an Act of Parliament for the erection of a .Pier, and to stout defence the besieged were obliged to surrender, on deepen the harbour and to secure to themselves the anchor­ Wednesday, the 11th March, 1646; thirteen pieces of cannon, age and quay dues. There is a chapel of ease here, named and two brass guns of 1,300 lbs. weight, and a large pro­ St. M awes, built by the Duke of Buckingham, and a chapel portion of stores were taken. There is an inscription round of ease built in 1812; also chapels for Wesleyans, Inde­ the castle, thus :- pendents, and Methodists. In connection with the W es-.