Chemical Test Methods For Designating Dangerous Waste WAC 173-303-090 & -100 Revised December 2014 Publication no. 97-407 Publication and Contact Information This report is available on the Department of Ecology’s website at https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/SummaryPages/97407.html For more information contact: Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program P.O. Box 47600 Olympia, WA 98504-7600 Phone: 360-407-6700 Washington State Department of Ecology - www.ecy.wa.gov o Headquarters, Olympia 360-407-6000 o Northwest Regional Office, Bellevue 425-649-7000 o Southwest Regional Office, Olympia 360-407-6300 o Central Regional Office, Yakima 509-575-2490 o Eastern Regional Office, Spokane 509-329-3400 Accommodation Requests: To request ADA accommodation including materials in a format for the visually impaired, call Ecology at 360-407-6700. Persons with impaired hearing may call Washington Relay Service at 711. Persons with speech disability may call TTY at 877- 833-6341. Chemical Test Methods For Designating Dangerous Waste WAC 173-303-090 & -100 Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program Washington State Department of Ecology Olympia, Washington This page is purposely left blank Table of Contents CHAPTER 1: Regulatory Testing Requirements 1.0. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Purpose ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Dangerous Waste Characteristics and Criteria ............................................................... 2 1.3 Retained Testing Requirements ..................................................................................... 2 Chapter 1 Endnotes .................................................................................................................. 3 CHAPTER 2: Dangerous Waste Designation 2.1 Dangerous Waste Characteristics: WAC 173-303-090. .................................................... 5 2.1.1. Ignitability ................................................................................................................... 5 2.1.1.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 5 2.1.1.2. Definition of Flash Point ................................................................................... 5 2.1.1.3 Oxidizers ........................................................................................................... 5 2.1.1.4 Regulatory Definition; Ignitable Characteristic ................................................... 5 2.1.1.4.1 Ignitable Liquids ............................................................................................. 5 2.1.1.4.2 Ignitable Solids .............................................................................................. 6 2.1.1.4.3 Ignitable Compressed Gases ......................................................................... 6 2.1.1.4.4 Oxidizers ........................................................................................................ 6 2.1.2. Corrosivity .................................................................................................................. 6 2.1.2.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 6 2.1.2.2 Definition of pH ................................................................................................. 6 2.1.2.3 Regulatory Definition; Corrosive Characteristic ................................................. 7 2.1.3. Reactivity ................................................................................................................... 7 2.1.3.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 7 2.1.3.2 Water Reactive Wastes .................................................................................... 7 2.1.3.3 Chemical Explosive Wastes .............................................................................. 8 2.1.3.4 Regulatory Definition; Reactive Characteristic .................................................. 8 2.1.4. Toxicity Characteristic ................................................................................................ 8 2.1.4.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 8 2.1.4.2 Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) .......................................... 8 2.1.4.3 Regulatory Definition; Toxicity Characteristic .................................................... 9 2.2. Dangerous Waste Criteria: WAC 173-303-100 ................................................................. 9 2.2.1. Introduction to State Criteria Wastes .......................................................................... 9 2.2.1.1 Background for Toxic Criteria Wastes ............................................................. 10 2.2.1.2 Background for Persistent Criteria Wastes ...................................................... 10 2.2.2. Acute Toxicity .......................................................................................................... 11 2.2.2.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 11 2.2.3. Persistence (Chronic Toxicity) .................................................................................. 11 2.2.3.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 11 2.2.3.2 Definition of Persistence and Half-life ............................................................. 11 2.2.3.3 Definition of Halogenated Organic Compounds (HOC) and Polymer .............. 12 2.2.3.4 Definition of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH)...................................... 12 2.2.3.5 Regulatory Definition; Criteria of Persistence .................................................. 13 Chapter 2 Endnotes ............................................................................................................... 13 CHAPTER 3: Analytical Test Methods 3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 15 3.2 Methods for Determining Flashpoint ........................................................................... 16 3.3 Methods for Determining Corrosivity Towards Steel .................................................... 17 3.4 Methods for Determining pH ....................................................................................... 17 3.5 Analysis for the Reactivity Characteristic ................................................................... 17 3.6 Methods for Determining Toxicity ............................................................................... 18 3.6.1. Separation Procedure ...................................................................................... 18 3.6.2. Particle Size Reduction .................................................................................... 18 3.6.3. Extraction of Solid Material .............................................................................. 18 3.6.4. Final Separation of the Extraction from the Remaining Solid ............................ 18 3.6.5. Testing (Analysis)of TCLP Extract ................................................................... 18 3.7 Methods to Determine State-only Toxic Waste ........................................................... 20 3.8 Test Methods for Determining Halogenated Organic Compounds ............................... 20 3.8.1. General Evaluation Methods for Determining HOCs ........................................ 21 3.8.2. Halogenated Organic Compounds as Halogens .............................................. 21 3.8.3. Evaluation of Wastes for HOCs based on Total Organic Halogens .................. 22 3.8.4. General Evaluation Methods ............................................................................ 23 3.8.5. Designation Flow Chart .................................................................................... 25 3.8.6. Examples of Wastes that Need Not Be Evaluated for State-only Persistence .. 27 3.8.6.1. Compounds that are Not HOCs ......................................................... 27 3.8.6.2. Polymers ........................................................................................... 28 3.8.7. Examples of HOCs that Must Be Evaluated for State-only Persistence ............ 28 3.8.7.1. Chlorinated Paraffins .......................................................................... 29 3.8.7.2. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) ..................................................... 29 3.8.7.3. Polymer Additives.............................................................................. 29 3.9 Test Methods for Determining Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) .................. 29 3.9.1. SW-846 Method 8100 ..................................................................................... 30 3.9.2. SW-846 Method 8310 ..................................................................................... 30 3.9.3. SW-846 Method 8270D .................................................................................. 30 3.10 Optional Indicator Test Methods ................................................................................ 30 3.10.1. SW-846 Method 1030 Ignitability