lndex 277 tionate minority confinement juvenile court records, 181; and (DMC), 166; and Guardian ad Litem Missouri judges as presidents of, Standards, 212; and moratorium on 147; and permanency planning task juvenile justice legislation, 177; and forces, 208; and publication of Mis­ 1994 juvenile justice legislation, 162; souri children's commission and praise of positive peer culture, reports, 220; and status offense 201; and Standards For Operation of jurisdiction, 168, 169 a Juvenile Detention Facility, 163; National Council on Crime and and status offense jurisdiction, 168 Delinquency, 165, 206,207,216 Missouri Juvenile Justice Information National Criminal Information Center System (MO]]lS), 216 (NCIC),217 Missouri Juvenile Officers Ass'n, 201 National Defense Council, Missouri Missouri Law Enforcement Assistance Women's Committee of, 66 Council (MLEAC); and representation National Juvenile Detention Ass'n, 198 by counsel after Gault, 156; and criti­ National Juvenile Law Center, 201 cism of juvenile care, 199-200, 204-05; National Probation Association, 74, and criticism of Missouri's commit­ 102, 108, 209 ment to rehabilitating children, 162; National Woman Suffrage Association, 8 establishment of, 175 National Woman Suffrage Convention, 8 Missouri Society For the Prevention of Native American children, 169- 70 Cruelty to Animals, 21 Neglect; as category of juvenile court Missouri territorial legislation; appren­ jurisdiction, 1; jurisdiction of ticeship laws, 23; poor laws, 22- 24; Missouri juvenile courts, 50-51 reception statute, 4 New Deal, 22, 43,135 Missouri Reform School For Boys (See New England Home for Little Boonville boys' training school) Wanderers, 29 Missouri Uniform Law Enforcement New York Charities Aid Association, 69 System (MULES), 217 New York City, mass poverty in 1850s, Morehouse, Gov. Albert P., 16 28 Mothers' allowances; low statewide New York Foundling Asylum participation in Missouri, 84, 85-86, (Hospital), 29, 34 137; 1911 Jackson County legisla­ New York Home For Friendless Boys, 29 tion, 81-83; 1912 St. Louis city legis­ New York Society For the Prevention of lation, 81, 83; 1917 statewide legisla­ Cruelty to Animals, 21 tion, 81,83-84; Porterfield, Judge Night Light Program, 204 Edward E., 81; and Social Security Niles Home For Colored Children, 99 Act of 1935, 84 Noble, Mrs. John W., 18 Mueller, Judge Marybelle, 156,223 Mullanphy Orphan Asylum, 13 Omnibus Reorganization Act of 1974, National Conference of Charities and 139 Correction, 27 Orphan Trains, 27-36, 183-84 National Council of Juvenile and Orphans and half-orphans, in the Family Court Judges; and closed 1850s,26 278 A Very Special Place in Life Orphans' courts, Missouri (1807-15),9 Prison Industries Reorganization Osborne Association, 101, 102 Administration, 95 Outdoor relief; generally, 79-90; moth- Probation and probation depart­ ers' allowances, 80-86; and poor chil­ ments; Baldwin, Roger N. on, 75; dren, 22-24; race and demographics, civil service in St. Louis probation 87-89; workmen's compensation, department, 72-73; 1897 Missouri 86-87 legislation, 72; generally, 71-79; Owen, Mickey, 175 high caseloadsof, 78; informal, in nineteenth century, 12; Latin deri­ Parens patriae doctrine; English com­ vation of "probation," 74-75; low mon law origins, 4; in the early salaries in Missouri, 77-79; New United States, reception and expan­ York City probation officer salaries, sion of 5, 6, 20, 45 79; 1901 Missouri legislation (St. Park, Gov. Guy B., 43, 134, 137 Louis city), 19,72; racial, ethnic Patton, Betty Conyers, 147 and gender considerations, 77-78; Penitentiary, Missouri; deteriorating volunteer assistance, 77; workings conditions in, 10; exclusion of chil­ of,75-77 dren from, 65; opening of, 10 Progressive era, 7, 47 Permanency planning; Adoption Proof, standard of, 154 Assistance and Child Welfare Act of Public Welfare Society (see Charity 1980,170,192; Adoption and Safe Organization Society) Families Act of 1997,173; Missouri's national leadership in, 207-08; Task Ramsey, Sarah H., 22 Force on Permanency Planning For Reception statute, Missouri, 4 Abused and Neglected Children, Rehabilitative model, juvenile court, Missouri, 207-08 5~5; Individualized treatment, Perry, Mrs. John, 99 5~57; civil jurisdiction, 57-60; Perry, Mary E., 41 Informality, 60-64; confidentiality, Pershing, Gen. John J., 40 64-65; separate incapacitation, 65 Platt, Anthony M., 6 Rich, Fred B., 223 Polier, Judge Justine Wise, 7 Riederer, Judge Henry A., 147, 157,208 Porterfield, Judge Edward E.; longtime Riis, Jacob, 8, 21 service, 54; as "Father of the Mothers' Robertson, Bishop C.F., 25, 41 Pension Movement," 81-82 Robertson, Chief Justice Edward D. Pound, Roscoe, 45, 60, 209 Robertson, Jr., 222 Price, Chief Justice William Ray, Jr., Rochford v. Bailey, 144 166,218,223 Roosevelt, Eleanor, 136, 174 Priddy, Bob, 10 Roosevelt, Franklin, 134, 135,136 Prince v. Massachusetts, 187 Roosevelt, Pres. Theodore, 34, 69 Prisons and children (Missouri) (see Roosevelt, Theodore, Sr. (TR's father), also houses of detention); generally, 69 222; in the early 18005, 10, 12; in the Rules of Practice and Procedure in early 1900s, 94-95 Juvenile Courts, 147, 157, 162 lndex 279 Rural areas, child welfare programs in, St. Louis probation department, 19 87-89 St. Louis Industrial Home, 8, 26 Russell Sage Foundation, 84 St. Louis Industrial School (see St. Ryerson, Ellen, 6 Louis House of Refuge) St. Louis Municipal Commission on Safe Place For Newborns Act, 221 Delinquent, Dependent and Safe Schools Act and Juvenile Justice Defective Children (1911); and con­ Bill (1996},216-17 ditions at Boonville and Chillicothe St. Anthony's Home For Infants, 99 reformatories, 97-99; and conditions St. Francis Orphanage, 15 at St. Louis house of detention, 108; St. Joseph Public Welfare Board, 139 creation of, 74; and probation in St. St. Joseph's Home For Boys, 99 Louis, 19; and St. Louis juvenile pro­ St. Joseph's Home For Girls, 99 bation department, 77 St. Louis (see also specific institutions St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 180,207 and groups); explosive population St. Louis Provident Association, 90 growth in mid-1800s, 13; imprison­ St. Louis Reform School, 13 ment of children, 18, 19 St. Louis School of Social Economy, 84 St. Louis Association of Ladies For the St. Louis Union Aid Society, 8 Relief of Orphan Children, 26 St. Louis Workhouse, 11 St. Louis Board of Children's St. Vincent de Paul Society, 64, 90 Guardians, 74, 86, 89,90,108, 142 Sears Youth Center, 200, 204 St. Louis Central Council of Social Second Governor's Conference on the Agencies, 74, 139, 176 Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency, St. Louis Charities Commission, 19 175-76 St. Louis Children's Aid Society, 89-90 Seiler, Chief Justice Robert E., 156 St. Louis Children's Hospital, 8, 90 Senate Committee to Improve St. Louis City juvenile court; Children's Children's Protective Services and Building, 63; facilities in the 1920s, Foster Care, 194 63; Four Courts Building, 46-47, 62; Senate Wage Commission (Missouri), 80 generally, 62-63; and private care Separate incapacitation, of juveniles system, 89; and probation depart­ and adults, 65 ment, 72-73 Sheppard-Towner Act, 135 st. Louis Civic League, 74 "Sight and sound" separation mandate, St. Louis Community Council, 85 in 1974 federal act; generally, 161-64; St. Louis Court of Criminal Correction, improvement in Missouri after man­ 18 date, 162-64; inapplicable to juve­ St. Louis Globe-Democrat, 18 niles tried as adults, 164; purposes St. Louis House of Refuge; conditions of, 161; situation before mandate, in, 13-15, 19; creation of, 13-15,26, 161-62; 73,98-99,100 Standards For Operation of a Juvenile St. Louis Humanity Club; advocacy for Detention Facility, 163 Missouri juvenile court, 46; disband­ Silent, constitutional right to remain, ing of, 48-49; founding of, 18; and 158-59 280 A Very Special Place in life Sisters of Charity of St. Vincent de (OSCA); creation of, 177,213; and Paul, 29 juvenile court automation, 213; and Slavery and slave children; antebellum Missouri CASA Fund, 211 criminal punishment, 10; antebellum State Eleemosynary Board (Missouri), child welfare system, 27 42,93 Small Business Jobs Protection Act of State Home For Children (Carrollton), 1996,172-73 92-93 Smith, Gov. Forrest, 104, 141 State Industrial Home For Girls (see Smith, Stan, 177 Chillicothe girls' training school) Social Darwinists, 7 State Industrial Home For Negro Girls Social Security Act of 1935; adoption (see Tipton Negro girls' training subsidies, 171; and Aid to Dependent school) Children, 84; and child health fund­ State Prison Board (Department of ing, 110; generally, 135-38, 159; and Penal Institutions), 42 mothers' allowances, 84 Status offenses; as category of juvenile Social Security Commission (Missouri); court jurisdiction, 2; debate about, authority of, 139; creation by General 167-69; deinstitutionalization of sta­ Assembly, 137; divisions of, 139; gen­ tus offenders, 166-69 erally,42 Steinmetz, Rep. Kaye H., 195,208-09, Sonneschein, Rabbi Solomon H., 41 223 Southwest Missouri State University, Stephens, Gov. Lon V., 17 180 Steward, Mark D., 207, 223 Spencer, Herbert, 7 Stewart, Gov. Robert M., 32 Spending power, Congress', 159 Stoetzer, Lauren, 180 Spofford Home, 99 Stock market crash (1929),43, 135 Spry home, 193 Stone, Gov. William J., 94 Stahmann, C.C., 69 Story, Justice Joseph, 4, 5, 20 Standards For Operation of a Juvenile Supremacy Clause, U.S. Constitution, Detention Facility, 16~ 169 Standards of Practice For Lawyers Who Supreme Court (see also specific