50 years at the service of Africa 1964-2014 african growth and development Acknowledgements This book was prepared by the Complex of the Chief Economist of the Dr. Elfatih Shaaeldin played an important role in the collection of African Development Bank to mark the 50th Anniversary of the historical and contemporary material for the book. He also prepared establishment of the Bank. its first draft. The production of the book was made possible by the overall The Directors of several organizational units of the Bank supported the supervision and leadership of an Editorial Committee chaired by the idea of the book and encouraged their staff to contribute. In particular, Acting Vice President and Chief Economist, Steve Kayizzi-Mugerwa. the following played key roles: Victor Murinde, Bernadette Kamgnia, Egal N. Roble, Felix Njoku, This book was prepared by the Complex of the Chief Dr Elfatih Shaaeldin played a seminal role in the col- The membership of the Committee included Bank staff and consultants Louis Kouakou, Victoria Hughes, Adewale Shoboyejo, Charly Andral, Economist of the African Development Bank to com- lection of historical and contemporary material for the Henry Mansaray, Karim Haddad, Pauline Akolo, Clement Babalola, memorate the 50th Anniversary of the establishment of book. He also prepared its first draft. who provided intellectual input, content as well as editorial advice at the Bank. various stages during the preparation of the book. They are: Aymen Osman Ali, Pal Monojeet, Moez Chareddine, Cecil Nartey, Massamba Diene, Patience Kuruneri, Trevor De Kock, Pierre The Directors of several organizational units of the Bank The production of the book was made possible by the supported the idea of the book and encouraged their Joel Serunkuma Kibazo, Director of the Communication and Van Peteghem, Benedict Kanu, Charles Lufumpa, Ousmane Dore, overall supervision and leadership of the High-level Ed- staff to contribute. In particular, the following played External Relations Department Claude N’kodia, Veronica Giardina, Alex Mubiru, Anna Bossman, itorial Committee chaired by the Acting Vice President key roles: and Chief Economist, Dr. Steve Kayizzi-Mugerwa. Bakri Musa Abdul Karim, Division Manager, African Development Yousif Bashir Eltahir, and Elfateh Khalid. Institute Victor Murinde, Egal N. Roble, Felix Njoku, Louis The membership of the Committee included Bank staff Kouaku, Victoria Hughes, Adewale Shoewbi, Charly and consultants who provided intellectual input, con- Andral, Henry Koyie Henry Mansaray, Karim Haddad, John Phillips, Lead Strategic Communications Adviser, Thanks are also due to the family of the late first President of the African tent as well as editorial advice at various stages during Pauline Akolo, Clement Babalola, Aymen Osman Ali, Communication and External Relations Department Development Bank, Mr. Mamoun Beheiry, who contributed some rare the preparation of the book. They are: Monojeet Pal, Moez Chareddine, Cecil Nartey, Mas- samba Diene, Patience Kuruneri, Trevor De Kock, Pierre Jacqueline Odula, Program Coordinator, African Development photographs and valuable historical material. Van Peteghem, Benedict Kanu, Charles Lufumpa, Ous- Institute Joel Serunkuma Kibazo, Director of the Communication mane Dore, Claude N’kodia, Veronica Giardna, Anna and External Relations Department Bossman, Yousif Bashir Eltahir, and Elfateh Khalid. Ekwow Spio-Garbrah, Consultant, Communication and External May 2015 www.afdb.org Bakri Musa Abdul Karim, Division Manager, African De- Relations Department velopment Institute Thanks are also due to the family of the late first Pres- John Phillips, Lead Strategic Communications Adviser, ident of the African Development Bank, Mr. Mamoun Communication and External Relations Department Beheiry, who contributed some rare photographs and valuable historical Jacqueline Odula, Program Coordinator, African Devel- opment Institute Ekwow Spio-Garbrah, Consultant, Communication and External Relations Department Photocredits p2 Dreamstime.com; © Kierran Allen p18-19 Dreamstime.com; © Anna Omelchenko p72 AfDB ; Theriault p110 AfDB ; Onukogu p26 Dreamstime.com; © Ritu Jethani, © p73 AfDB p114 AfDB p8 Dreamstime.com; © Eduardo Lopez Coronado, Altaoosthuizen, AfDB ; Onukogu p74-75 AfDB ; Hoel p115 AfDB ; Potocki ; Hoel © Liana Petrenko, © Smandy, © Joshua Wanyama, p27 Dreamstime.com; © R S Vivek © Attila Jandi, © Joshua Resnick, © Hongqi Zhang p76-77 AfDB ; Potocki p116-117 Dreamstime.com; © Dmitry Pichugin p28-29 Dreamstime.com; © Kodym (aka Michael Zhang), © Hongqi Zhang (aka Michael p84 AfDB ; Potocki p126-27 AfDB Zhang), © Canonman29, © Hongqi Zhang (aka p31 AfDB ; Theriault , Hoel , Fernandez p85 AfDB ; Potocki p123 Dreamstime.com; © Redzaal Michael Zhang), © Surabky, © Anke Van Wyk, p32 Dreamstime.com; © Lcswart © Gabriel Robledo, © Savannah1969, © Szefei, 92 AfDB ; Potocki p125 Dreamstime.com; © David Snyder p37 AfDB © Malija, © Gillespaire, © Ferdinand Reus, p93 AfDB ; Onukogu p127 Dreamstime.com; © Ericsch p43 AfDB © Shuttlecock, © Mimagephotography, p96 AfDB ; Borgarello p128 AfDB ; Hoel ; Potocki p47 AfDB p9 Dreamstime.com; © Photographerlondon, p100 AfDB p128 129 AfDB © Mnsanthoshkumar, © A J Cotton, © David Snyder, p54 AfDB ; Potocki Designed and printed by Phoenix Design Aid A/S, a CO2 p101 AfDB ; Borgarello p130-31 AfDB © Paul Prescott, © Shannon Fagan, © Anke Van Wyk, neutral company accredited in the fields of quality (ISO p58 AfDB © Martin Applegate, © Nyul, © Monkey Business p104 AfDB 9001), environment (ISO 14001) and CSR (DS 49001) and p59 AfDB ; Fernandez Images, © Alextara, © Mark Sepple, © Katrina Brown, p105 AfDB approved provider of FSC™ certified products. Printed on © Tomi Tenetz, © Surabky, © Shuttlecock, © Giovanni p62-63 istockphoto.com; © Peeter Viisimaa environmentally friendly paper without chlorine and with p106 AfDB De Caro, © Smandy, © Vladgalenko, © Joshua p70-71 Dreamstime.com; © Daleen Loest vegetable-based inks. The printed matter is recyclable. p107 AfDB Wanyama Africa: Many faces One continent 6 7 1964 2014 8 9 1964 2014 The Bank’s Golden Jubilee is a momentous occasion for us all. 50 years is an important milestone for the African Development Bank, an institution that arose from the foresightedness of a handful of Africa’s leaders and civil servants in the early 1960s to become the great institution that we know today. I pay homage to Romeo Horton, the Committee of Nine, and all those moving spirits who founded this Bank. Without their dream of unity and cooperation, it would never have existed or prospered. I believe we have been faithful to their vision, as a dynamic institution, in a fast-moving continent, in a rapidly changing world. From the beginning, the goal was to better the lives of the people of Africa. At no point have we ever lost sight of this endeavour. In fifty years of operations, our vocabulary has changed a great deal. It now includes words such as ‘fragile states’, ‘gender equality’, ‘private sector development’, ‘good governance’, ‘climate change’, and ‘inclusiveness.’ Yes, change has Donald Kaberuka been the only constant, and the Bank owes its longevity to its capacity to move with the times. President African Development Bank Group In 1964, the Bank had 10 staff, 26 member countries, and a capital base of some US$ 370 million. Three years later, in 1967, it had launched its first three projects. 50 years later in 2014, it had 1900 staff, 80 member countries, and a capital base of US$ 100 billion. Foreword In the last few years, the Bank has focused on Africa’s economic transformation. It sees itself as being at the centre of the transformation of a continent whose time has come. It is fully conscious of the need to become a nimble and responsive institution in order to help unleash Africa’s potential. Much of that work implies mobilising others: increasing our role as a knowledge generator and a knowledge broker, and above all enhancing our capacity to leverage resources to the content. Let me acknowledge and thank all the people and institutions with whom we have shared our journey. I thank our Member countries, in the form of our Boards of Governors and of Executive Directors. I thank our many development partners. Above all, I thank the management and staff of the Bank over the past five decades. I salute all those who have gone before, and all those who still carry the torch forward. We are thankful for your skills, your dedication, and your humanity. 11 2014 African Development Bank 1964-2014 10 Foreword 50 years at the service of Africa 16 Preface The African Development 22 Bank Group in figures The African Development 24 Bank Group presence in Africa The African Development 34 Bank Group timeline To the 1960s: High hopes, 38 great challenges 46 1964-1979: The formative years 58 1980-1995: Going global Contents 64 Offshoots and partners of the Bank 76 1995-2005: Revitalizing the Bank 2005 and beyond: An enhanced 84 franchise value 110 Bank projects 2014: the Bank returns home 114 to Abidjan 26 30 52 56 70 74 82 90 94 98 102 104 Water Water Health Energy Gender Transport Education Agriculture Agriculture Governance Green growth Green Private sector Inclusive growth Cross-border cooperation Cross-border This book has been written to mark the 50th Anniversary of the founding of the African Development Bank in 1964. It aims to highlight some of the important landmarks in the history of the institution, while also recognizing the efforts of the many people who contributed to its establishment and subsequent development.